經過debug 分析tomcat啓動流程java
1. 初始化內容:反射實例話Catalina並添加ClassLoaderapache
初始化入口bootstrap
public static void main(String args[]) {//args 參數是start, stop 等等 if (daemon == null) { // Don't set daemon until init() has completed Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap(); try { bootstrap.init();//初始化Catalina對象,參考catalinaDaemon
bootstrap.init會初始化一個Catalina對象,並給其中的ClassLoader賦值tomcat
classLoader成員變量學習
/** * The shared extensions class loader for this server. */ protected ClassLoader parentClassLoader =Catalina.class.getClassLoader();
二、初始化Catalina的classloaderthis
//tomcat 的3個相關classloader ClassLoader commonLoader = null; ClassLoader catalinaLoader = null; ClassLoader sharedLoader = null; // -------------------------------------------------------- Private Methods private void initClassLoaders() { try { commonLoader = createClassLoader("common", null); if( commonLoader == null ) { // no config file, default to this loader - we might be in a 'single' env. commonLoader=this.getClass().getClassLoader(); } catalinaLoader = createClassLoader("server", commonLoader); sharedLoader = createClassLoader("shared", commonLoader);
上述initClassLoaders方法會讀取${TOMCAT_HOME}/conf/catalina.properties文件,讀取要loader的jar包配置spa
注意,tomcat在catalina.properties 配置文件中指定了:common.loader,catalina.loader,shared.loader可是後2者的配置都爲空,網上說是shared.loader 是分享公共的,沒有配置的意義。
從上述的initClassLoaders 能夠看出使用creatteClassLoader("","") 建立後二者的loader時,都傳入了commonLoader, 這樣,配置爲空,catalinaLoader 其實仍是commonLoader.debug
備註:tomcat使用了org.apache.catalina.startup.CatalinaProperties封裝tomcat/conf/catalina.properties文件,其讀取配置文件的方式值得學習,代碼以下:code
private static void loadProperties() { InputStream is = null; Throwable error = null; try { String configUrl = System.getProperty("catalina.config"); if (configUrl != null) { is = (new URL(configUrl)).openStream(); } } catch (Throwable t) { handleThrowable(t); } if (is == null) { try { File home = new File(Bootstrap.getCatalinaBase()); File conf = new File(home, "conf"); File propsFile = new File(conf, "catalina.properties");
學習之處:能夠看到,第一步是判斷有沒有catalina.config 指定catalina.conf的配置路徑,沒有該-D參數纔會使用tomcat/conf下的該配置。這個值得學習。server
三、反射建立Catalina對象,並設置classLoader
public void init() throws Exception { initClassLoaders(); Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(catalinaLoader); SecurityClassLoad.securityClassLoad(catalinaLoader); // Load our startup class and call its process() method if (log.isDebugEnabled()) log.debug("Loading startup class"); **Class<?> startupClass = catalinaLoader.loadClass("org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina");** Object startupInstance = startupClass.getConstructor().newInstance(); // Set the shared extensions class loader if (log.isDebugEnabled()) log.debug("Setting startup class properties"); **String methodName = "setParentClassLoader";** Class<?> paramTypes[] = new Class[1]; paramTypes[0] = Class.forName("java.lang.ClassLoader"); Object paramValues[] = new Object[1]; paramValues[0] = sharedLoader; Method method = startupInstance.getClass().getMethod(methodName, paramTypes); method.invoke(startupInstance, paramValues); catalinaDaemon = startupInstance; }
private Object catalinaDaemon = null; //catalinaDaemon 是Catalina對象,該對象的parentClassLoader 屬性是sharedClassloader 也就是commonClassLoader
咱們能夠看到,其中的catalinaDaemon 的聲明是Object類型的,下降了tomcat和Catalina的耦合,並且編譯Bootstrap時不用提供Catalina的依賴。