SpringBoot實戰(四)獲取接口請求中的參數(@PathVariable,@RequestParam,@RequestBody)

上一篇SpringBoot實戰(二)Restful風格API接口中寫了一個控制器,獲取了前端請求的參數,如今咱們就參數的獲取與校驗作一個介紹:html

一:獲取參數前端

SpringBoot提供的獲取參數註解包括:@PathVariable,@RequestParam,@RequestBody,三者的區別以下表:web

 

示例代碼:

spring

Order:json

 1 package com.example.demo.controller.user.entity;
 2 
 3 public class Order {
 4     private Integer id;
 5     private String name;
 6     private Integer price;
 7 
 8     public Integer getId() {
 9         return id;
10     }
11 
12     public void setId(Integer id) {
13         this.id = id;
14     }
15 
16     public String getName() {
17         return name;
18     }
19 
20     public void setName(String name) {
21         this.name = name;
22     }
23 
24     public Integer getPrice() {
25         return price;
26     }
27 
28     public void setPrice(Integer price) {
29         this.price = price;
30     }
31 }

OrderControllerapp

 1 package com.example.demo.controller.user.controller;
 2 
 3 import com.example.demo.controller.user.entity.Order;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 5 
 6 @RestController
 7 public class OrderController {
 8 
 9     /**
10      * Get請求的參數能夠經過@PathVariable和@RequestParam獲取
11      * @param id 必填
12      * @param name 必填
13      * @param price 選填,默認值爲0
14      * @return
15      */
16     @GetMapping("/orders/{id}")
17     public String getOrder(@PathVariable(value = "id")Integer id,
18                            @RequestParam(value = "name")String name,
19                            @RequestParam(value = "price",required = false,defaultValue = "0") Integer price){
20         String result = "id:"+id+",name:"+name+",price:"+price;
21         return result;
22     }
23 
24     /**
25      * Post使用@RequestBody註解將Json格式的參數自動綁定到Entity類
26      * @param order
27      * @return
28      */
29     @PostMapping("/order/check")
30     public String checkOrder(@RequestBody Order order){
31         String result = "id:"+order.getId()+",name:"+order.getName()+",price:"+order.getPrice();
32         return result;
33     }
34 
35     /**
36      * Post使用@RequestParam獲取請求體中非Json格式的數據
37      * @param amount
38      * @param discount
39      * @return
40      */
41     @PostMapping("/order/checkmore")
42     public String checkMore(@RequestParam(value = "amount")Integer amount, @RequestParam(value = "discount")float discount){
43         String result = "amount:"+amount+",discount:"+discount;
44         return result;
45     }
46 
47     /**
48      * Post請求也能夠直接與對象類綁定,但須要參數名一致,不支持json格式,只支持form-data和x-www.form-urlencoded格式
49      * @param order
50      * @return
51      */
52     @PostMapping("/order/add")
53     public String addOrder(Order order){
54         String result = "id:"+order.getId()+",name:"+order.getName()+",price:"+order.getPrice();
55         return result;
56     }
57 
58     /**
59      * Put請求能夠直接與對象類綁定,但須要參數名一致
60      * @param id
61      * @param order
62      * @return
63      */
64     @PutMapping("/order/{id}/update")
65     public String updateOrder(@PathVariable(value = "id")Integer id,Order order){
66         String result = "pathid:"+id+"===Order(id:"+order.getId()+",name:"+order.getName()+",price:"+order.getPrice()+")";
67         return result;
68     }
69 
70 
71 }

 

注意點:工具

1.針對一些非必填的參數,能夠使用required關鍵字來標識,同時必須設置默認值defaultValue,如getOrder方法中對price參數的獲取:測試

  @RequestParam(value = "price",required = false,defaultValue = "0") Integer priceui

2.參數能夠直接與Entity類綁定,但不支持json格式,只支持form-data和x-www.form-urlencoded格式this

  @PostMapping("/order/add")

  public String addOrder(Order order){

3.使用的Postman作的測試,全部接口都測試經過,也推薦你們使用Postman做爲平常的接口測試工具,安裝和操做都很簡單。

 附部分截圖:

    Get:@PathVariable,@RequestParam

  Post:@RequestBody

 

獲取到參數之後就是要對數據作校驗了,在下一篇中進行介紹

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