java B2B2C Springboot電子商城系統-路由網關(zuul)

1、Zuul簡介web

Zuul的主要功能是路由轉發和過濾器。路由功能是微服務的一部分,好比/api/user轉發到到user服務,/api/shop轉發到到shop服務。zuul默認和Ribbon結合實現了負載均衡的功能。spring

須要JAVA Spring Cloud大型企業分佈式微服務雲構建的B2B2C電子商務平臺源碼一零三八七七四六二六sql

zuul有如下功能:apache

Authenticationapi

Insights瀏覽器

Stress Testing安全

Canary Testingapp

Dynamic Routing負載均衡

Service Migrationnosql

Load Shedding

Security

Static Response handling

Active/Active traffic management

2、建立service-zuul工程

pom.xml文件以下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
    <artifactId>service-zuul</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>service-zuul</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
        <artifactId>sc-f-chapter5</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

在其入口applicaton類加上註解@EnableZuulProxy,開啓zuul的功能:

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ServiceZuulApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run( ServiceZuulApplication.class, args );
    }
}

加上配置文件application.yml加上如下的配置代碼:

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
  port: 8769
spring:
  application:
    name: service-zuul
zuul:
  routes:
    api-a:
      path: /api-a/**
      serviceId: service-ribbon
    api-b:
      path: /api-b/**
      serviceId: service-feign

首先指定服務註冊中心的地址爲 http://localhost:8761/eureka/, 服務的端口爲8769,服務名爲service-zuul;以/api-a/ 開頭的請求都轉發給service-ribbon服務;以/api-b/開頭的請求都轉發給service-feign服務;

依次運行這五個工程;打開瀏覽器訪問:http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp ;瀏覽器顯示:

hi forezp,i am from port: 8762

打開瀏覽器訪問:http://localhost:8769/api-b/hi?name=forezp ;瀏覽器顯示:

hi forezp,i am from port: 8762

這說明zuul起到了路由的做用

3、服務過濾

zuul不只只是路由,而且還能過濾,作一些安全驗證。繼續改造工程;

@Component
public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter {

    private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyFilter.class);
    @Override
    public String filterType() {
        return "pre";
    }

    @Override
    public int filterOrder() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean shouldFilter() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Object run() {
        RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
        HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
        log.info(String.format("%s >>> %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString()));
        Object accessToken = request.getParameter("token");
        if(accessToken == null) {
            log.warn("token is empty");
            ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
            ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
            try {
                ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("token is empty");
            }catch (Exception e){}

            return null;
        }
        log.info("ok");
        return null;
    }
}

filterType:返回一個字符串表明過濾器的類型,在zuul中定義了四種不一樣生命週期的過濾器類型,具體以下:

pre:路由以前

routing:路由之時

post: 路由以後

error:發送錯誤調用

filterOrder:過濾的順序

shouldFilter:這裏能夠寫邏輯判斷,是否要過濾,本文true,永遠過濾。

run:過濾器的具體邏輯。可用很複雜,包括查sql,nosql去判斷該請求到底有沒有權限訪問。

這時訪問:http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp ;網頁顯示:

token is empty

訪問 http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp&token=22

網頁顯示:

hi forezp,i am from port: 8762

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