RPM方式安裝MySQL5.6



CentOS6.5和RedHat6.5下以rpm方式安裝mysql-5.6.20

安裝參照：

a.檢查下linux是否是已經安裝了mysql

rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
#若是安裝了先卸載舊的版本    
yum -y remove mysql...

b.下載須要的安裝包，下載地址：

http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-client-5.6.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-devel-5.6.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-server-5.6.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

c、開始逐個安裝

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

d.修改配置文件位置並作相關設置

cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
#作以下配置  
[client]
password = 123456
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_client=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
#linux下mysql安裝完後是默認：表名區分大小寫，列名不區分大小寫； 0：區分大小寫，1：不區分大小寫
lower_case_table_names=1
#設置最大鏈接數，默認爲 151，MySQL服務器容許的最大鏈接數16384
max_connections=1000
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8

e.初始化MySQL及設置密碼

/usr/bin/mysql_install_db
service mysql start

f.登陸到mysql,第一次裝沒有密碼，直接回車

mysql -uroot -p
#設置root用戶的密碼
mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

g.設置容許遠程登陸

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;

h.設置開機自啓動

chkconfig mysql on
chkconfig --list | grep mysql

i. MySQL的默認安裝位置說明

/var/lib/mysql/   #數據庫目錄
/usr/share/mysql  #配置文件目錄
/usr/bin          #相關命令目錄
/etc/init.d/mysql #啓動腳本                                                                                     注：卸載mysql的時候，將這些目錄下的文件也刪掉。

<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">j.可能遇到的錯誤（一）</span>

2014-01-21 06:03:29 14964 [ERROR] InnoDB: auto-extending data file ./ibdata1 is of a different size 640 pages (rounded down to MB) than specified in the .cnf file: initial 768 pages, max 0 (relevant if      non-zero) pages!
2014-01-21 06:03:29 14964 [ERROR] InnoDB: Could not open or create the system tablespace. If you tried to add new data files to the system tablespace, and it failed here, you   should now edit innodb_data_file_path in my.cnf back to what it was, and remove the new ibdata files InnoDB created in this failed attempt. InnoDB only wrote those files full of  zeros, but did not yet use them in any way. But be careful: do not remove old data files which contain your precious data!
2014-01-21 06:03:29 14964 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
2014-01-21 06:03:29 14964 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
2014-01-21 06:03:29 14964 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
2014-01-21 06:03:29 14964 [ERROR] Aborting
在/var/lib/mysql/目錄下刪掉這三個文件：ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1 而後重啓mysql
cd /var/lib/mysql
rm ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1
service mysql start

k.可能遇到的錯誤（二）

[root@localhost local]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
方法操做很簡單，以下：
# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
# mysql -u root mysql
//把空的用戶密碼都修改爲非空的密碼。
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('newpassword') where USER='root' and host='root' or host='localhost';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit # /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: <輸入新設的密碼newpassword>

l.可能遇到的錯誤（三）

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statement
這句話要求你從新設置一次密碼！
mysql>  SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> create database roger;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

設置參照——RPM方式安裝MySQL5.6

a. 檢查MySQL及相關RPM包，是否安裝，若是有安裝，則移除（rpm –e 名稱）

1	[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

2	mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64

3	[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*

b. 下載Linux對應的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64對應的RPM包，以下：

1	[root@localhost rpm]# ll

2	total 74364

3	-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

4	-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

5	-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

c. 安裝MySQL

1	[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

2	[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3	[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

4

#修改配置文件位置

5	[root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

d. 初始化MySQL及設置密碼

1	[root@localhost rpm]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db

2	[root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start

3	[root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  #查看root帳號密碼

4	# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl

5	[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl

6	mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');    #設置密碼爲123456

7	mysql> exit

8	[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456

e. 容許遠程登錄

01	mysql> use mysql;

02	mysql> select host,user,password from user;

03	+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

04	| host                  | user | password                                  |

05	+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

06	| localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

07	| localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

08	| 127.0.0.1             | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

09	| ::1                   | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

10	+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

11

12	mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

13	mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';

14	mysql> flush privileges;

15	mysql> exit

f. 設置開機自啓動

1	[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on

2	[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql

3	mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

g. MySQL的默認安裝位置

1	/var/lib/mysql/               #數據庫目錄

2	/usr/share/mysql              #配置文件目錄

3	/usr/bin                     #相關命令目錄

4	/etc/init.d/mysql              #啓動腳本

修改字符集和數據存儲路徑

配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改數據存放路徑、mysql.sock路徑以及默認編碼utf-8.

 [client]
 password        = 123456
 port            = 3306
 default-character-set=utf8
 [mysqld]
 port            = 3306
 character_set_server=utf8
 character_set_client=utf8
 collation-server=utf8_general_ci
 #(注意linux下mysql安裝完後是默認：表名區分大小寫，列名不區分大小寫； 0：區分大小寫，1：不區分大小寫)
 lower_case_table_names=1
 #(設置最大鏈接數，默認爲 151，MySQL服務器容許的最大鏈接數16384; )
 max_connections=1000
 [mysql]
 default-character-set = utf8

查看字符集

show variables like '%collation%';

show variables like '%char%';