tk畫圖

 Page 387 of chapter 7

 1 """
 2 6-23 page 343 play media files
 3 """
 4 def odd():
 5     funcs=[]
 6     for c in 'abcdwe':
 7         funcs.append((lambda:c))
 8     return funcs
 9 
10 def odd2():
11     funcs=[]
12     for c in 'abcdwe':
13         funcs.append((lambda c=c:c))
14     return funcs    
15    
16 def odd1():
17     funcs=[]
18     for c in 'abcdwe':
19         funcs.append(c)
20     return funcs
21 
22 for func in odd():
23     print(func())
24 print('force to remenber'+'#'*30)
25 for func in odd2():
26     print(func())
27     
28 listt=[]
29 listt=odd1()
30 print listt

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 1 """
 2 programming pytyon page 422 
 3 pop up three new windows ,with style
 4 desctory() kill one window,quit kill all windows and app
 5 top-level window have litle,icon,iconify/deiconify and protocol for wn events
 6 there always is an application root window,whether by default or created as an
 7 explicit tk() object;all top-level windows are containters but they are never
 8 packed.gridded;toplevel is like Frame,but a new window,and can have a menu;
 9 """
10 from Tkinter import *
11 root =Tk()
12 trees =[('the larch!','light blue'),('the pine!','light green'),('the giant redwood','red')]
13 
14 for (tree,color) in trees:
15     win = Toplevel(root)
16     win.title('sing...')
17     win.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW',lambda:None)                           #ignore close,so no meaning to close win by X
18     win.iconbitmap('C:\\Users\\xlian7164584\\Documents\\GitHub\\R_D\\bg.ico')
19     
20     msg =Button(win,text=tree,command=win.destroy)
21     msg.pack(expand=YES,fill=BOTH)
22     msg.config(padx=10,pady=10,bd=10,relief=RAISED)
23     msg.config(bg='black',fg=color,font=('times',30,'bold italic'))
24 root.title('lxk demo with three win')
25 Label(root,text='main win',width=30).pack()
26 Button(root,text='quit all',command=root.quit).pack()
27 root.mainloop()

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1. win.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW',lambda:None)                           #ignore close,so no meaning to close win by X

若是設置protocol屬性爲None ，因此咱們沒法經過X關閉3個窗口

2.關掉一個窗口和對應的子窗口，使用destroy；關掉全部的窗口，使用quit

3.title設置title，iconbitmap設定圖標

4.若是設定win=Toplevel（），而且尚未設定Tk root窗口，則此句將默認生成TK root做爲Toplevel的主窗口。可是，咱們

root=tk（），以上調用將產生產生一個root主窗口

 

多個按鈕放入對話框中

退出按鈕：

 1 """
 2 a quit button that verifies exit requests to reuse,
 3 attach an instance to other GUIS,and repack as desired
 4 """
 5 from Tkinter import  *
 6 from tkMessageBox import askokcancel
 7 
 8 class Quitter(Frame):
 9     def __init__(self,parent=None):
10         Frame.__init__(self,parent)
11         self.pack()
12         wid =Button(self,text ='Quit',fg='blue',command =self.quit)
13         wid.pack(side =LEFT,expand =YES,fill=BOTH)
14     def quit(self):
15         ans =askokcancel('verify exit',"readlly quit")
16         if ans:
17             Frame.quit(self)
18 if __name__ =='__main__':
19     Quitter().mainloop()

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對話框

 1 """
 2 define a name:callback demos table
 3 """
 4 from tkFileDialog import askopenfilename
 5 from tkColorChooser import askcolor
 6 from tkMessageBox import askquestion,showwarning
 7 from tkSimpleDialog import askfloat
 8 
 9 demos ={
10     'open':askopenfilename,
11     'Color':askcolor,
12     'Query':lambda:askquestion('waring','you type q\n confirm?'),
13     'Error':lambda:showerror('error!',"he is here,lxk"),
14     'input':lambda:askfloat('entry','entry random float num')
15 }

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組合對話框：

 1 "create a bar of simple buttons that launch dialog  demos"
 2 from Tkinter import *
 3 from dialogTable import demos
 4 from quitter import Quitter
 5 
 6 root =Tk()
 7 
 8 class Demo(Frame):
 9     def __init__(self,parent=None,**options):
10         Frame.__init__(self,parent,**options)
11         self.pack(fill=BOTH) #if fill no setting ,
12         Label(self,text ="basic demos",fg='black').pack()
13         for (key,value) in demos.items():
14             Button(self,text=key,fg="blue",command=value).pack(expand =YES,fill=BOTH)
15         Quitter(self).pack(side=TOP,fill=BOTH)
16 
17 if __name__ =='__main__':
18     #maindlg=Toplevel(root)
19     #maindlg.title('another dlg')
20     #maindlg.iconbitmap('C:\\Users\\xlian7164584\\Documents\\GitHub\\R_D\\bg.ico')
21     #Button(maindlg,text='botton at maingld').pack()
22     
23     root.title('demo dlg')
24     root.iconbitmap('C:\\Users\\xlian7164584\\Documents\\GitHub\\R_D\\bg.ico')    
25     Demo().mainloop()

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 把main函數中註釋打開，則：

demo dlg是主窗口，關閉則全部窗口關閉。

 

按鈕的回調函數沒有傳入參數，若是須要傳額外的數據到handler，咱們須要打包給一個可以保存或者記住這些數據的對象，這個對象完成到實際handler的調用。如何繞過這個限制

答案：使用lambda表達式。

 1 "create a bar of simple buttons that launch dialog  demos"
 2 from Tkinter import *
 3 from dialogTable import demos
 4 from quitter import Quitter
 5 
 6 root =Tk()
 7 
 8 class Demo(Frame):
 9     def __init__(self,parent=None,**options):
10         Frame.__init__(self,parent,**options)
11         self.pack(fill=BOTH) #if fill no setting ,
12         Label(self,text ="basic demos",fg='black').pack()
13         for key in demos:
14             func = (lambda key =key:self.printit(key))
15             Button(self,text=key,fg="blue",command=func).pack(expand =YES,fill=BOTH)
16         Quitter(self).pack(side=TOP,fill=BOTH)
17     def printit(self,name):
18         print (name,'returns ==>',demos[name]())
19 
20 if __name__ =='__main__':
21     root.title('demo dlg')
22     root.iconbitmap('C:\\Users\\xlian7164584\\Documents\\GitHub\\R_D\\bg.ico')    
23     Demo().mainloop()

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Check demos

 1 """
 2 create a bar of check buttons that run dialog demo
 3 """
 4 from Tkinter import *
 5 from dialogTable import demos
 6 from quitter import Quitter
 7 
 8 class Demo(Frame):
 9     def __init__(self,parent =None,**options):
10         Frame.__init__(self,parent=None,**options)
11         self.pack()
12         self.tools()
13         Label(self,text ='check demos').pack()
14         self.vars = []
15         for key in demos:
16             var= IntVar()
17             Checkbutton(self,text =key,variable =var,command=demos[key]).pack(side =LEFT)
18             self.vars.append(var)
19     def report(self):
20         for var in self.vars:
21             print(var.get())
22         print()
23     def tools(self):
24         frm=Frame(self)
25         frm.pack(side =RIGHT)
26         Button(frm,text ='state',command =self.report).pack(fill =X)
27         Quitter(frm).pack(fill=X)
28 
29 if __name__=='__main__':
30     Demo().mainloop()

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Radiocheck

 1 "create a group of radio buttons that launch dialog demos"
 2 
 3 from Tkinter import *
 4 from dialogTable import demos
 5 from quitter import Quitter
 6 
 7 class Demo(Frame):
 8     def __init__(self,parent =None,**options):
 9         Frame.__init__(self,parent,**options)
10         self.pack()
11         Label(self,text ='radio demos').pack(side =TOP)
12         self.var = StringVar()
13         for key in demos:
14             Radiobutton(self,text =key,command=self.onPress,variable =self.var,
15                         value =key).pack(anchor =NW)
16         self.var.set(key) #select last to start
17         Button(self,text ='state',command=self.report).pack(fill=X)
18         Quitter(self).pack(fill=X)
19     def onPress(self):
20         pick = self.var.get()
21         print('you pressed',pick)
22         print('result:',demos[pick]())
23     def report(self):
24         print(self.var.get())
25 if __name__=='__main__':
26     Demo().mainloop()

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scale check

 1 "create two linked scales used to launch dialog demos"
 2 
 3 from Tkinter import *
 4 from dialogTable import demos
 5 from quitter import Quitter
 6 
 7 class Demo(Frame):
 8     def __init__(self,parent=None,**options):
 9         Frame.__init__(self,parent,**options)
10         self.pack()
11         Label(self,text ='scale demos').pack()
12         self.var = IntVar()
13         Scale(self,label ='pick demo num',
14               command=self.onMove,
15               variable=self.var,
16               from_=0,to=len(demos)-1).pack()
17         Scale(self,label='pick demo number',
18               command=self.onMove,
19               variable=self.var,
20               from_=-100,to=len(demos)-1+100,
21               length=200,tickinterval=10,resolution=30,
22               showvalue=YES,orient='horizontal').pack()
23         Quitter(self).pack(side=RIGHT)
24         Button(self,text ='run demo',command=self.onRun).pack(side =LEFT)
25         Button(self,text ='state',command=self.report).pack(side=RIGHT)
26     def onMove(self,value):
27         print('in move',value)
28     def onRun(self):
29         pos = self.var.get()
30         print('you picked',pos)
31         demo=list(demos.values())[pos]
32         print(demo())
33         
34     def report(self):
35         print self.var.get()
36 if __name__ =='__main__':
37     print(list(demos.keys()))
38     Demo().mainloop()
39         

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DemoALL

 1 """
 2 4 demo class components(subframes) on one window;
 3 there are 5 quitter buttons on this one window too,and each kills entire gui
 4 gui can be resued as frames in container,indenpendent windown or process
 5 """
 6 #-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 7 from Tkinter import *
 8 from quitter import Quitter
 9 demosModules =['demoDlg','demoCheck','demoRadio','demoScale']
10 parts =[]
11 def addComponents(root):
12     for demo in demosModules:
13         module=__import__(demo)
14         part =module.Demo(root)
15         part.config(bd=2,relief=GROOVE)
16         part.pack(side=LEFT,expand=YES,fill=BOTH)
17         parts.append(part)
18 def dumpState():
19     for part in parts:
20         print(part.__module__+':')
21         if hasattr(part,'report'):
22             part.report()
23         else:
24             print('none')
25 
26 root=Tk()
27 root.title('主框架'.decode('gbk'))
28 Label(root,text ='多個框結構實例'.decode('gbk'),bg='white').pack()
29 Button(root,text ='狀態'.decode('gbk'),command=dumpState).pack(fill=X)
30 Quitter(root).pack(fill=X)
31 addComponents(root)
32 root.iconbitmap('C:\\Users\\xlian7164584\\Documents\\GitHub\\R_D\\bg.ico')   
33 root.mainloop()

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Buttonbar

 1 """
 2 check and radio button bar classes for apps that fetch state later
 3 pass a list of options ,call state(),variable details automated
 4 """
 5 
 6 from Tkinter import *
 7 class Checkbar(Frame):
 8     def __init__(self,parent= None,picks =[],side=LEFT,anchor=W):
 9         Frame.__init__(self,parent)
10         self.vars=[]
11         for pick in picks:
12             var = IntVar()
13             chk =Checkbutton(self,text =pick,variable =var)
14             chk.pack(side=side,anchor=anchor,expand=YES)
15             self.vars.append(var)
16     def state(self):
17         return [var.get() for var in self.vars]
18 class Radiobar(Frame):
19     def __init__(self,parent=None,picks=[],side=LEFT,anchor=W):
20         Frame.__init__(self,parent)
21         self.var=StringVar()
22         self.var.set(picks[0])
23         for pick in picks:
24             rad =Radiobutton(self,text =pick,value=pick,variable=self.var)
25             rad.pack(side=side,anchor=anchor)
26     def state(self):
27         return self.var.get()
28     
29 if __name__=='__main__':
30     root=Tk()
31     lng=Checkbar(root,['python','C#','Jave','C++'])
32     gui=Radiobar(root,['Win','x86','mac'],side =TOP,anchor=NW)
33     tgl=Checkbar(root,['All'])
34     
35     gui.pack(side=LEFT,fill=Y)
36     lng.pack(side=TOP,fill=X)
37     tgl.pack(side=LEFT)
38     lng.config(relief=GROOVE,bd=2)
39     gui.config(relief=RIDGE,bd=2)
40     
41     def allstates():
42         print(gui.state(),lng.state(),tgl.state())
43     from quitter import Quitter
44     Quitter(root).pack(side=RIGHT)
45     Button(root,text ='Peek',command=allstates).pack()
46     root.mainloop()

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ButtonPic

 1 from Tkinter import *
 2 from glob import glob
 3 import demoCheck
 4 import random
 5 gifdir='C:\\Users\\xlian7164584\\Documents\\GitHub\\R_D\\gif\\'
 6 
 7 def draw():
 8     name,photo =random.choice(images)
 9     lbl.config(text =name)
10     pix.config(image=photo)
11     
12 root =Tk()
13 lbl=Label(root,text ='none',bg='blue',fg='red')
14 pix=Button(root,text ='press me',command=draw,bg='white')
15 lbl.pack(fill=BOTH)
16 pix.pack(pady=10)
17 demoCheck.Demo(root,relief=SUNKEN,bd=2).pack(fill=BOTH)
18 
19 files=glob(gifdir+'*.gif')
20 images=[(x,PhotoImage(file=x)) for x in files]
21 print files
22 root.mainloop()

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ListBox

 1 "a simple customizable scrolled listbox component"
 2 from Tkinter import *
 3 
 4 class ScrolledList(Frame):
 5     def __init__(self,options,parent=None):
 6         Frame.__init__(self,parent)
 7         self.pack(expand=YES,fill=BOTH)     # make me expandable
 8         self.makeWidgets(options)
 9     def handleList(self,event):
10         index = self.listbox.curselection()   # on list double-click
11         label = self.listbox.get(index)       # fetch selection text
12         self.runCommand(label)                # and call action here or get(ACTIVE)
13         
14     def makeWidgets(self,options):
15         sbar=Scrollbar(self)
16         list=Listbox(self,relief=SUNKEN)
17         sbar.config(command=list.yview)             #xlink sbar and list
18         list.config(yscrollcommand=sbar.set,fg='blue')        # move one moves other
19         sbar.pack(side=RIGHT,fill=Y)                #pack first=clip last
20         list.pack(side=LEFT,expand=YES,fill = BOTH) # list clipped first
21         pos=0
22         for label in options:                       # add to listbox
23             list.insert(pos,label)                   # or insert(END,label)
24             pos+=1                                   # or enumerate(options)
25         #list.config(selectmode=SINGLE,setgrid=1)    # select ,resize modes
26         list.bind('<Double-1>',self.handleList)      # set event handler
27         list.bind('<Button-1>',self.handleLeftClick) # mouse button clicks
28         list.bind('<KeyPress>',self.onkeyPress)      # all key press
29         list.bind('<B1-Motion>',self.onLeftDrag)     #click and draw
30         self.listbox=list
31     def runCommand(self,selection):
32         print('you selected:',selection)
33         
34     def onkeyPress(self,event):
35         print('got key press:',event.char)
36         
37     def handleLeftClick(self,event):
38         print('mouse button press')
39         self.showPosEvent(event)
40     
41     def onLeftDrag(self,event):
42         print('got left mouse button draw')
43         self.showPosEvent(event)
44         
45     def showPosEvent(self,event):
46         print('widget =%s X=%s, Y=%s' % (event.widget,event.x,event.y))
47 
48 if __name__ =='__main__':
49     options =(('listbox and event %s' % x) for x in range(20))
50     ScrolledList(options).mainloop()
51         

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