redhat6.7環境下oracle11gR2 RAC靜默安裝

時間 2019-12-11

標籤 redhat6.7 redhat 環境 oracle11gr2 oracle rac 靜默安裝欄目 Linux 简体版

原文原文鏈接

（一）基礎環境html

虛擬機環境：vmware workstation 12c++

操做系統： redhat6.7 - 64bitsql

數據庫版本：11.2.0.4數據庫

（二）安裝前的環境準備vim

（2.1）配置/etc/hosts文件，2個節點都要修改bash

[oracle@standbydb1 bin]$vim more /etc/hosts
# 添加2個節點的IP信息
192.168.10.41    standbydb1
192.168.10.42    standbydb2
192.168.10.43    standbydb1-vip
192.168.10.44    standbydb2-vip
192.168.10.40    standbydb-scan

10.10.10.41       standbydb1-priv
10.10.10.42       standbydb2-priv

（2.2）操做系統參數修改，2個節點都要修改session

（2.2.1）修改/etc/sysctl.conforacle

[root@standbydb1 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf 
# 在末尾添加
 
kernel.msgmnb = 65536 
kernel.msgmax = 65536 
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 
kernel.shmall = 4294967296 
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 
fs.file-max = 6815744 
kernel.shmall = 2097152 
kernel.shmmax = 1306910720 
kernel.shmmni = 4096 
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 
net.core.rmem_default = 262144 
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 
net.core.wmem_default = 262144 
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586 
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144 
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304

內核參數執行命令sysctl -p生效。app

（2.2.2）修改/etc/security/limits.confssh

[root@standbydb1 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf 
# 在末尾添加
 
grid soft nproc 2047 
grid hard nproc 16384 
grid soft nofile 1024 
grid hard nofile 65536 
oracle soft nproc 2047 
oracle hard nproc 16384 
oracle soft nofile 1024 
oracle hard nofile 65536

（2.2.3）修改/etc/security/limits.conf

[root@standbydb1 ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
# 在文件末尾添加
session required pam_limits.so

（2.3）配置共享存儲
（2.3.1）分區、格式化磁盤，在一個節點上執行便可

# 在節點1上格式化，以/dev/sdb爲例：

[root@standbydb1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 3824.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-3824, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-3824, default 3824): 
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

（2.3.2）在2個節點上添加裸設備，2個節點都要執行

[root@standbydb1 ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
 # 在後面添加

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdd1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sde1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdf1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdg1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdh1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw7 %N"


KERNEL=="raw[1]", MODE="0660", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin"
KERNEL=="raw[2]", MODE="0660", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin"
KERNEL=="raw[3]", MODE="0660", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin"
KERNEL=="raw[4]", MODE="0660", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin"
KERNEL=="raw[5]", MODE="0660", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin"
KERNEL=="raw[6]", MODE="0660", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin"
KERNEL=="raw[7]", MODE="0660", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin"

啓動裸設備，2個節點都執行

[root@standbydb1 ~]# start_udev

檢查裸設備，2個節點都要查看，若是看不到設備信息，重啓節點便可

[root@standbydb1 ~]# raw -qa
/dev/raw/raw1:    bound to major 8, minor 17
/dev/raw/raw2:    bound to major 8, minor 33
/dev/raw/raw3:    bound to major 8, minor 49
/dev/raw/raw4:    bound to major 8, minor 65
/dev/raw/raw5:    bound to major 8, minor 81
/dev/raw/raw6:    bound to major 8, minor 97
/dev/raw/raw7:    bound to major 8, minor 113

（2.4）安裝依賴包，2個節點都執行

yum install -y binutils-*
yum install -y compat-libstdc++-*
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-*
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-*
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel-static-*
yum install -y gcc-*
yum install -y gcc-c++-*
yum install -y glibc-*
yum install -y glibc-common-*
yum install -y glibc-devel-*
yum install -y glibc-headers-*
yum install -y kernel-headers-*
yum install -y ksh-*
yum install -y libaio-*
yum install -y libaio-devel-*
yum install -y libgcc-*
yum install -y libgomp-*
yum install -y libstdc++-*
yum install -y libstdc++-devel-*
yum install -y make-*
yum install -y sysstat-*
yum install -y compat-libcap*

（2.5）建立oracle、grid用戶相關

（2.5.1）建立用戶、用戶組、目錄，2個節點都要執行

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1010 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1021 asmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1022 asmoper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1031 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1032 oper
useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba grid
useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/12.1.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir /u01/app/oracle
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/

（2.5.2）配置grid的環境變量，2個節點都要執行

[grid@standbydb1 ~]$ vim .bash_profile 

#添加
export TMP=/tmp 
export TMPDIR=$TMP 
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1   #若是是節點2，改成：+ASM2
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH 
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH 
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib 
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib 
umask 022

（2.5.3）配置oracle的環境變量，2個節點都要執行

[oracle@standbydb1 ~]$ vim .bash_profile 

#添加
export TMP=/tmp 
export TMPDIR=$TMP 
export ORACLE_SID=standby1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle 
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin 
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH 
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH 
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib 
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib 
umask 022

（2.5.4）配置grid的節點互信，在一個節點用grid用戶執行

./sshUserSetup.sh -hosts "primarydb1 primarydb2" -user grid -advanced

（2.5.5）配置oracle的節點互信，在一個節點用oracle用戶執行

./sshUserSetup.sh -hosts "primarydb1 primarydb2" -user grid -advanced

（2.6）安裝前的檢查

2個節點安裝cvuqdisk包，進入grid安裝包

[root@standbydb1 soft]# cd grid/
[root@standbydb1 grid]# ls
doc  install  response  rpm  runcluvfy.sh  runInstaller  sshsetup  stage  welcome.html
[root@standbydb1 grid]# cd rpm/
[root@standbydb1 rpm]# ls
cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm
[root@standbydb1 rpm]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
Using default group oinstall to install package
   1:cvuqdisk               ########################################### [100%]

執行grid安裝檢查

./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n standbydb1,standbydb2 -fixup -verbose

若是沒有報錯，便可執行安裝操做。

（三）安裝

（3.1）安裝grid

安裝命令：

./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -force -responseFile /soft/grid/grid/response/grid_install.rsp -showProgress

響應文件grid_install.rsp的內容爲：

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=standbydb1
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
oracle.install.option=CRS_CONFIG
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba
oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper
oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=standbydb-scan
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=1521
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=standbydb-scan
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsSubDomain=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsVIPAddress=
oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=false
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=standbydb1:standbydb1-vip,standbydb2:standbydb2-vip
oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList=eth0:192.168.10.0:1,eth1:10.10.10.0:2,eth2:192.168.0.0:3
oracle.install.crs.config.storageOption=ASM_STORAGE
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.diskDriveMapping=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskLocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskRedundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrLocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrRedundancy=NORMAL
                   
oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false
oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcUsername=
oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcPassword=
oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=Oracle123
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=OCR
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=1
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/raw/raw1,/dev/raw/raw2,/dev/raw/raw3
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/raw/*
oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=Oracle123
oracle.install.crs.upgrade.clusterNodes=
oracle.install.asm.upgradeASM=false
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
PROXY_REALM=

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額外工做：

（1）建立磁盤組

su - grid

sqlplus / as sysasm
create diskgroup data external redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw4','/dev/raw/raw5','/dev/raw/raw6' attribute 'compatible.rdbms'='11.2.0.0', 'compatible.asm'='11.2.0.0', 'au_size'='1M';
create diskgroup arch external redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw7' attribute 'compatible.rdbms'='11.2.0.0', 'compatible.asm'='11.2.0.0', 'au_size'='1M';

啓動全部節點上的磁盤組

（2）建立默認監聽

su - grid

srvctl add listener
srvctl start listener

（3.2）安裝數據庫軟件

安裝命令：

./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -force -responseFile /u01/mysoft/oracle/db_install_20190714.rsp

響應文件db_install_20190714.rsp的內容爲：

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=standbydb1
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=standbydb1,standbydb2
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=

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（3.3）建立數據庫

[oracle@standbydb1 bin]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin
[oracle@standbydb1 bin]$ ./dbca -silent -responseFile /u01/mysoft/oracle/database/response/dbca_20190714.rsp

響應文件db_install_20190714.rsp的內容爲：

[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "standby"
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "standby"
SID = "standby"
NODELIST=standbydb1,standbydb2
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
SYSPASSWORD = "Oracle123"
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "Oracle123"
DATAFILEDESTINATION = "+DATA"
STORAGETYPE=ASM
DISKGROUPNAME=DATA
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
NATIONALCHARACTERSET= "UTF8"
DB_BLOCK_SIZE=8192
TOTALMEMORY = "1024"

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（四）結果確認

查看集羣資源

[grid@standbydb1 ~]$ crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ARCH.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2                                   
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2                                   
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2                                   
ora.OCR.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2                                   
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1               Started             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2               Started             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      standbydb1                                   
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      standbydb2                                   
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2                                   
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2                                   
ora.registry.acfs
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
               ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2                                   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
ora.standby.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1               Open                
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2               Open                
ora.standbydb1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb1                                   
ora.standbydb2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       standbydb2

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查看數據庫狀態

SQL> select name,open_mode from v$database;
NAME      OPEN_MODE
--------- --------------------
STANDBY   READ WRITE

SQL> select host_name,instance_name from gv$instance;
HOST_NAME             INSTANCE_NAME
-------------  -----------------
standbydb1         standby1
standbydb2         standby2

結束。