基於AndroidPN搭建Android的推送平臺 - 離線消息的推送
一. 原理圖java
1. 沒實現離線消息推送功能前，項目的架構圖以下android
2. 實現離線消息推送功能後，項目的架構圖以下 - 版本一 - 適用於新聞等app工做環境，對離線消息的到達率要求不高的環境spring
3. 實現離線消息推送功能後，項目的架構圖以下 - 版本二 - 適用於IM等app工做環境，對離線消息的到達率要求99.99%數據庫
二. 版本一的實現apache
1. 建立數據表 - Notificationapi
a. 建立實體類服務器
package org.androidpn.server.model;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "notification")
public class Notification {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private long id;
@Column(name = "api_key", length = 64)
private String apiKey;
@Column(name = "username", nullable = false, length = 64)
private String username;
@Column(name = "title", nullable = false, length = 64)
private String title;
@Column(name = "message", nullable = false, length = 1024)
private String message;
@Column(name = "uri", length = 256)
private String uri;
public Notification() {
}
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getApiKey() {
return apiKey;
}
public void setApiKey(String apiKey) {
this.apiKey = apiKey;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public String getUri() {
return uri;
}
public void setUri(String uri) {
this.uri = uri;
}
}
b. 修改Hibernate的配置文件hibernate.cfg.xmlsession
<!-- Mapping Files --> <mapping class="org.androidpn.server.model.User" /> <!-- 消息映射 --> <mapping class="org.androidpn.server.model.Notification" />
2. Dao層封裝架構
a. 新建一個NotificationDao接口及它的實現NotificationDaoHibernate.javaapp
package org.androidpn.server.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.androidpn.server.model.Notification;
public interface NotificationDao {
void saveNotification(Notification notification);
List<Notification> findNotificationsByUsername(String username);
void deleteNotification(Notification notification);
}
package org.androidpn.server.dao.hibernate;
import java.util.List;
import org.androidpn.server.dao.NotificationDao;
import org.androidpn.server.model.Notification;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
public class NotificationDaoHibernate extends HibernateDaoSupport implements
NotificationDao {
public void saveNotification(Notification notification) {
getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(notification);
getHibernateTemplate().flush();
}
public void deleteNotification(Notification notification) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
getHibernateTemplate().delete(notification);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<Notification> findNotificationsByUsername(String username) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
List<Notification> list = getHibernateTemplate().find("from Notification where username=?", username);
if(list != null && list.size()>0) {
return list;
}
return null;
}
}
b. 修改Spring的配置文件-spring-config.xml
<!-- =============================================================== --> <!-- Data Access Objects --> <!-- =============================================================== --> <bean id="userDao" class="org.androidpn.server.dao.hibernate.UserDaoHibernate"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 消息 --> <bean id="notificationDao" class="org.androidpn.server.dao.hibernate.NotificationDaoHibernate"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean>
3. Service層封裝
a. 新建一個NotificationService接口及它的實現NotificationServiceImpl.java
package org.androidpn.server.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.androidpn.server.model.Notification;
public interface NotificationService {
void saveNotification(Notification notification);
List<Notification> findNotificationsByUsername(String username);
void deleteNotification(Notification notification);
}
package org.androidpn.server.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.androidpn.server.dao.NotificationDao;
import org.androidpn.server.model.Notification;
import org.androidpn.server.service.NotificationService;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
public class NotificationServiceImpl implements NotificationService {
protected final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
private NotificationDao notificationDao;
public NotificationDao getNotificationDao() {
return notificationDao;
}
public void setNotificationDao(NotificationDao notificationDao) {
this.notificationDao = notificationDao;
}
public void saveNotification(Notification notification) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
notificationDao.saveNotification(notification);
}
public List<Notification> findNotificationsByUsername(String username) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return notificationDao.findNotificationsByUsername(username);
}
public void deleteNotification(Notification notification) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
notificationDao.deleteNotification(notification);
}
}
b. 修改Spring的配置文件-spring-config.xml
<!-- =============================================================== --> <!-- Services --> <!-- =============================================================== --> <bean id="userService" class="org.androidpn.server.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"> <property name="userDao" ref="userDao" /> </bean> <bean id="notificationService" class="org.androidpn.server.service.impl.NotificationServiceImpl"> <property name="notificationDao" ref="notificationDao" /> </bean>
c. 修改ServiceLocator.java，提供對外調用的應用
package org.androidpn.server.service;
import org.androidpn.server.xmpp.XmppServer;
/**
* This is a helper class to look up service objects.
*
* @author Sehwan Noh (devnoh@gmail.com)
*/
public class ServiceLocator {
public static String USER_SERVICE = "userService";
public static String NOTIFICATION_SERVICE = "notificationService";
/**
* Generic method to obtain a service object for a given name.
*
* @param name the service bean name
* @return
*/
public static Object getService(String name) {
return XmppServer.getInstance().getBean(name);
}
/**
* Obtains the user service.
*
* @return the user service
*/
public static UserService getUserService() {
return (UserService) XmppServer.getInstance().getBean(USER_SERVICE);
}
/**
* Obtains the notification service.
*
* @return the notification service
*/
public static NotificationService getNotificationService() {
return (NotificationService) XmppServer.getInstance().getBean(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
}
}
4. 業務邏輯層實現
a. 修改NotificationManager.java，添加一個存儲消息Notification的方法
/**
* 存儲推送消息
* @param apiKey
* @param username
* @param title
* @param message
* @param uri
*/
private void saveNotification(String apiKey, String username, String title,
String message, String uri) {
Notification notification = new Notification();
notification.setApiKey(apiKey);
notification.setUri(uri);
notification.setUsername(username);
notification.setTitle(title);
notification.setMessage(message);
// ServiceLocator.getNotificationService().saveNotification(notification);
notificationService.saveNotification(notification);
}
b. 修改發送推送消息邏輯
public void sendBroadcast(String apiKey, String title, String message,
String uri) {
log.debug("sendBroadcast()...");
IQ notificationIQ = createNotificationIQ(apiKey, title, message, uri);
// 經過遍歷數據庫的用戶，發送推送消息
List<User> allUser = userService.getUsers();
for(User user : allUser) {
ClientSession session = sessionManager.getSession(user.getUsername());
if(session != null && session.getPresence().isAvailable()) {
notificationIQ.setTo(session.getAddress());
session.deliver(notificationIQ);
} else {
saveNotification(apiKey, user.getUsername(), title, message, uri);
}
}
// 僅僅遍歷在線用戶
// for (ClientSession session : sessionManager.getSessions()) {
// if (session.getPresence().isAvailable()) {
// notificationIQ.setTo(session.getAddress());
// session.deliver(notificationIQ);
// }
// }
}
public void sendNotifcationToUser(String apiKey, String username,
String title, String message, String uri) {
log.debug("sendNotifcationToUser()...");
IQ notificationIQ = createNotificationIQ(apiKey, title, message, uri);
ClientSession session = sessionManager.getSession(username);
if (session != null) {
if (session.getPresence().isAvailable()) {
notificationIQ.setTo(session.getAddress());
session.deliver(notificationIQ);
}
// 若是用戶在線但不可用時，則保存推送消息到數據庫中
else {
saveNotification(apiKey, username, title, message, uri);
}
}
// 若是用戶不在線但不可用時，則保存推送消息到數據庫中
else {
User user;
try {
// 經過用戶名發送推送消息，在保存消息時，驗證該用戶名是否存儲，防止存儲無用數據
user = userService.getUserByUsername(username);
if (user != null) {
saveNotification(apiKey, username, title, message, uri);
}
} catch (UserNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
c. 用戶從新上線後，向其推送以前的存儲在數據庫的離線消息 - 修改PresenceUpdateHandler.java中的process()方法
public void process(Packet packet) {
ClientSession session = sessionManager.getSession(packet.getFrom());
try {
Presence presence = (Presence) packet;
Presence.Type type = presence.getType();
if (type == null) { // null == available
if (session != null
&& session.getStatus() == Session.STATUS_CLOSED) {
log.warn("Rejected available presence: " + presence + " - "
+ session);
return;
}
// 用戶從新上線
if (session != null) {
session.setPresence(presence);
if (!session.isInitialized()) {
// initSession(session);
session.setInitialized(true);
}
// 遍歷消息數據庫
List<Notification> list = notificationService
.findNotificationsByUsername(session.getUsername());
if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {
for(Notification notification : list) {
String apiKey = notification.getApiKey();
String title = notification.getTitle();
String message = notification.getMessage();
String uri = notification.getUri();
notificationManager.sendNotifcationToUser(apiKey, session.getUsername(), title, message, uri);
// 發送後將該消息從數據庫表中刪除
notificationService.deleteNotification(notification);
}
}
}
} else if (Presence.Type.unavailable == type) {
if (session != null) {
session.setPresence(presence);
}
} else {
presence = presence.createCopy();
if (session != null) {
presence.setFrom(new JID(null, session.getServerName(),
null, true));
presence.setTo(session.getAddress());
} else {
JID sender = presence.getFrom();
presence.setFrom(presence.getTo());
presence.setTo(sender);
}
presence.setError(PacketError.Condition.bad_request);
PacketDeliverer.deliver(presence);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("Internal server error. Triggered by packet: " + packet,
e);
}
}
三. 版本二的實現 - 版本一的加強版
1. 爲Notification添加一個UUID字段（回執的消息體就是該消息的uuid）
@Column(name = "uuid", length = 64, nullable = false, unique = true)
private String uuid;
// setter - getter
2. 爲Dao及其實現層和Server層及其實現層添加一個根據uuid刪除消息的方法
void deleteNotificationByUUID(String uuid); -> 實現
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void deleteNotificationByUUID(String uuid) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
List<Notification> list = getHibernateTemplate().find(
"from Notification where uuid=?", uuid);
if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {
Notification notification = list.get(0);
deleteNotification(notification);
}
}
3. 修改相關業務邏輯
a. 修改NotificationManager相關方法
package org.androidpn.server.xmpp.push;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import org.androidpn.server.model.Notification;
import org.androidpn.server.model.User;
import org.androidpn.server.service.NotificationService;
import org.androidpn.server.service.ServiceLocator;
import org.androidpn.server.service.UserNotFoundException;
import org.androidpn.server.service.UserService;
import org.androidpn.server.xmpp.session.ClientSession;
import org.androidpn.server.xmpp.session.SessionManager;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.QName;
import org.xmpp.packet.IQ;
/**
* This class is to manage sending the notifcations to the users.
*
* @author Sehwan Noh (devnoh@gmail.com)
*/
public class NotificationManager {
private static final String NOTIFICATION_NAMESPACE = "androidpn:iq:notification";
private final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
private SessionManager sessionManager;
private NotificationService notificationService;
private UserService userService;
/**
* Constructor.
*/
public NotificationManager() {
sessionManager = SessionManager.getInstance();
notificationService = ServiceLocator.getNotificationService();
userService = ServiceLocator.getUserService();
}
/**
* Broadcasts a newly created notification message to all connected users.
*
* @param apiKey
* the API key
* @param title
* the title
* @param message
* the message details
* @param uri
* the uri
*/
public void sendBroadcast(String apiKey, String title, String message,
String uri) {
log.debug("sendBroadcast()...");
// IQ notificationIQ = createNotificationIQ(id, apiKey, title, message,
// uri);
// 經過遍歷數據庫的用戶，發送推送消息
List<User> allUser = userService.getUsers();
for (User user : allUser) {
Random random = new Random();
String id = Integer.toHexString(random.nextInt());
IQ notificationIQ = createNotificationIQ(id, apiKey, title,
message, uri);
ClientSession session = sessionManager.getSession(user
.getUsername());
if (session != null && session.getPresence().isAvailable()) {
notificationIQ.setTo(session.getAddress());
session.deliver(notificationIQ);
} /* else { */
saveNotification(id, apiKey, user.getUsername(), title, message,
uri);
// }
}
// 僅僅遍歷在線用戶
// for (ClientSession session : sessionManager.getSessions()) {
// if (session.getPresence().isAvailable()) {
// notificationIQ.setTo(session.getAddress());
// session.deliver(notificationIQ);
// }
// }
}
/**
* Sends a newly created notification message to the specific user.
*
* @param apiKey
* the API key
* @param title
* the title
* @param message
* the message details
* @param uri
* the uri
*/
public void sendNotifcationToUser(String apiKey, String username,
String title, String message, String uri) {
log.debug("sendNotifcationToUser()...");
Random random = new Random();
String id = Integer.toHexString(random.nextInt());
IQ notificationIQ = createNotificationIQ(id, apiKey, title, message,
uri);
ClientSession session = sessionManager.getSession(username);
if (session != null) {
if (session.getPresence().isAvailable()) {
notificationIQ.setTo(session.getAddress());
session.deliver(notificationIQ);
}
// // 若是用戶在線但不可用時，則保存推送消息到數據庫中
// else {
// saveNotification(id, apiKey, username, title, message, uri);
// }
}
// // 若是用戶不在線但不可用時，則保存推送消息到數據庫中
// else {
User user;
try {
// 經過用戶名發送推送消息，在保存消息時，驗證該用戶名是否存儲，防止存儲無用數據
user = userService.getUserByUsername(username);
if (user != null) {
saveNotification(id, apiKey, username, title, message, uri);
}
} catch (UserNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
// }
}
/**
* 存儲推送消息
*
* @param apiKey
* @param username
* @param title
* @param message
* @param uri
*/
private void saveNotification(String uuid, String apiKey, String username,
String title, String message, String uri) {
Notification notification = new Notification();
notification.setUuid(uuid);
notification.setApiKey(apiKey);
notification.setUri(uri);
notification.setUsername(username);
notification.setTitle(title);
notification.setMessage(message);
// ServiceLocator.getNotificationService().saveNotification(notification);
notificationService.saveNotification(notification);
}
/**
* Creates a new notification IQ and returns it.
*/
private IQ createNotificationIQ(String id, String apiKey, String title,
String message, String uri) {
// String id = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis());
/**
* uuid生成策略
*/
// Random random = new Random();
// String id = Integer.toHexString(random.nextInt());
Element notification = DocumentHelper.createElement(QName.get(
"notification", NOTIFICATION_NAMESPACE));
notification.addElement("id").setText(id);
notification.addElement("apiKey").setText(apiKey);
notification.addElement("title").setText(title);
notification.addElement("message").setText(message);
notification.addElement("uri").setText(uri);
IQ iq = new IQ();
iq.setType(IQ.Type.set);
iq.setChildElement(notification);
return iq;
}
}
b. 客戶端向服務器發送消息回執
1. 新建一個消息回執IQ -> DeliverConfirmIQ.java
package org.androidpn.client;
import org.jivesoftware.smack.packet.IQ;
public class DeliverConfirmIQ extends IQ {
private String uuid;
@Override
public String getChildElementXML() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
buf.append("<").append("deliverconfirm").append(" xmlns=\"")
.append("androidpn:iq:deliverconfirm").append("\">");
if (uuid != null) {
buf.append("<uuid>").append(uuid).append("</uuid>");
}
buf.append("</").append("deliverconfirm").append("> ");
return buf.toString();
}
public String getUuid() {
return uuid;
}
public void setUuid(String uuid) {
this.uuid = uuid;
}
}
2. 在客戶端收到推送消息對外發送廣播後，向服務器發送回執消息，修改NotificationPacketListener的processPacket()方法
@Override
public void processPacket(Packet packet) {
Log.d(LOGTAG, "NotificationPacketListener.processPacket()...");
Log.d(LOGTAG, "packet.toXML()=" + packet.toXML());
if (packet instanceof NotificationIQ) {
// ...
xmppManager.getContext().sendBroadcast(intent);
// 向服務器發送消息回執
DeliverConfirmIQ deliverConfirmIQ = new DeliverConfirmIQ();
deliverConfirmIQ.setUuid(notificationId);
deliverConfirmIQ.setType(IQ.Type.SET);
xmppManager.getConnection().sendPacket(deliverConfirmIQ);
}
}
}
c. 服務器處理來自客戶端的消息回執
1. 建立一個IQDeliverConfirmHandler處理從客戶端發送過來的IQ
package org.androidpn.server.xmpp.handler;
import org.androidpn.server.service.NotificationService;
import org.androidpn.server.service.ServiceLocator;
import org.androidpn.server.xmpp.UnauthorizedException;
import org.androidpn.server.xmpp.session.ClientSession;
import org.androidpn.server.xmpp.session.Session;
import org.xmpp.packet.IQ;
import org.xmpp.packet.PacketError;
import org.dom4j.Element;
public class IQDeliverConfirmHandler extends IQHandler {
private static final String NAMESPACE = "androidpn:iq:deliverconfirm";
private NotificationService notificationService;
public IQDeliverConfirmHandler() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
notificationService = ServiceLocator.getNotificationService();
}
@Override
public IQ handleIQ(IQ packet) throws UnauthorizedException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ClientSession session = sessionManager.getSession(packet.getFrom());
IQ reply;
if (session == null) {
log.error("Session not found for key " + packet.getFrom());
reply = IQ.createResultIQ(packet);
reply.setChildElement(packet.getChildElement().createCopy());
reply.setError(PacketError.Condition.internal_server_error);
return reply;
}
if (session.getStatus() == Session.STATUS_AUTHENTICATED) {
if (IQ.Type.set.equals(packet.getType())) {
Element element = packet.getChildElement();
String uuid = element.elementText("uuid");
notificationService.deleteNotificationByUUID(uuid);
}
}
return null;
}
@Override
public String getNamespace() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return NAMESPACE;
}
}
2. 修改IQRouter的構造方法，將IQDeliverConfirmHandler添加到IQHandler集合中
public IQRouter() {
sessionManager = SessionManager.getInstance();
iqHandlers.add(new IQAuthHandler());
iqHandlers.add(new IQRegisterHandler());
iqHandlers.add(new IQRosterHandler());
// 將處理消息回執添加到IQHandler集合中
iqHandlers.add(new IQDeliverConfirmHandler());
}
3. 修改NotificationManager中的sendNotificationToUser()方法 - 在PresenceUpdateHandler調用該方法時傳入false，同時在其餘類調該方法時傳入true，
// 添加一個shouldSave標誌位，防止在PresenceUpdateHandler中調用時刪除Notification數據時重複保存該消息，致使消息沒有獲得刪除
public void sendNotifcationToUser(String apiKey, String username,
String title, String message, String uri, boolean shouldSave) {
log.debug("sendNotifcationToUser()...");
Random random = new Random();
String id = Integer.toHexString(random.nextInt());
IQ notificationIQ = createNotificationIQ(id, apiKey, title, message,
uri);
ClientSession session = sessionManager.getSession(username);
if (session != null) {
if (session.getPresence().isAvailable()) {
notificationIQ.setTo(session.getAddress());
session.deliver(notificationIQ);
}
// // 若是用戶在線但不可用時，則保存推送消息到數據庫中
// else {
// saveNotification(id, apiKey, username, title, message, uri);
// }
}
// // 若是用戶不在線但不可用時，則保存推送消息到數據庫中
// else {
User user;
try {
// 經過用戶名發送推送消息，在保存消息時，驗證該用戶名是否存儲，防止存儲無用數據
user = userService.getUserByUsername(username);
if (user != null && shouldSave) {
saveNotification(id, apiKey, username, title, message, uri);
}
} catch (UserNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
// }
}
4. 在版本二的基礎上修復離線發送邏輯
1. 去掉NotificationManager中的sendNotificationToUser()方法中的shouldSave參數
2. 在NotificationManager中添加一個發送離線消息給從新上線的用戶
/**
* 從數據庫中取出已有的離線消息推送給從新上線的用戶
*
* @param uuid
* @param apiKey
* @param username
* @param title
* @param message
* @param uri
*/
public void sendOfflineNotifcationToUser(String uuid, String apiKey, String username, String title, String message,
String uri) {
log.debug("sendNotifcationToUser()...");
IQ notificationIQ = createNotificationIQ(uuid, apiKey, title, message, uri);
ClientSession session = sessionManager.getSession(username);
if (session != null) {
if (session.getPresence().isAvailable()) {
notificationIQ.setTo(session.getAddress());
session.deliver(notificationIQ);
}
}
}
3. 在PresenceUpdateHandler中修改process(Packet)方法的相關代碼
if (session != null) {
session.setPresence(presence);
if (!session.isInitialized()) {
// initSession(session);
session.setInitialized(true);
}
// 遍歷消息數據庫
List<Notification> list = notificationService.findNotificationsByUsername(session.getUsername());
if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {
for (Notification notification : list) {
String apiKey = notification.getApiKey();
String title = notification.getTitle();
String message = notification.getMessage();
String uri = notification.getUri();
String uuid = notification.getUuid();
notificationManager.sendOfflineNotifcationToUser(uuid, apiKey, session.getUsername(), title,
message, uri);
}
}
}
-----------------------------------------華麗麗的分割線-----------------------------------------
至此，基於Androidpn推送平臺的離線功能就已經所有實現了
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