這個很少說: 下載地址:http://www.realvnc.com/download/viewer/ubuntu
紅帽的rpm系安裝使用 vim
yum install tigervnc-server
debian 的deb系安裝使用windows
apt-get install vnc4server
再次安裝失敗, 提示:bash
404 Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80] Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libx/libx11/libx11-xcb1_1.4.99.1-0ubuntu2.2_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80] Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libx/libxfixes/libxfixes3_5.0-4ubuntu4.2_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80] Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libx/libxi/libxi6_1.7.1.901-1ubuntu1~precise1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80] Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libx/libxv/libxv1_1.0.6-2ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80] Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/x/x11-utils/x11-utils_7.6+4ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80] E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?
提示讓apt-get update , update後服務器
apt-get install vnc4server
就ok了。session
vncpasswd
Password: ******
Verify:*****app
若是輸入vncpasswd 提示 : bash: vncpasswd: 未找到命令, 估計用的是yum 的 yum install vnc-server 記得是tigervnc-server哦。ssh
vncserver
提示:字體
xauth: file /root/.Xauthority does not exist New 'AYbZ:1 (root)' desktop is AYbZ:1 Creating default startup script /root/.vnc/xstartup Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup Log file is /root/.vnc/AYbZ:1.log
客戶端鏈接vnc 使用端口爲:1 每啓動一次vncserver 相應的:端口就會變化一次fetch
在這裏,咱們看到的是一個Linux命令行窗口
咱們打開/root/.vnc/xstartup
vim /root/.vnc/xstartup
#!/bin/sh # Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop: # unset SESSION_MANAGER # exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc [ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources xsetroot -solid grey vncconfig -iconic & x-terminal-emulator -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" & x-window-manager &
咱們須要將最後一行「x-window-manager &」改成咱們本身的Ubuntu圖形界面服務, Ubuntu有gnome、KDE、Unity等桌面環境。
若是是gnome桌面,改爲gnome-session &;
若是是KDE桌面,改爲startkde &;
若是是Unity桌面,首先去 /usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/下看桌面session的名稱,若是是ubuntu-2d,則將最後一行改成:
export STARTUP="/usr/bin/gnome-session --session=ubuntu-2d"
$STARTUP
------------------------
修改最後一行爲:gnome-session &
重啓vnc:
vncserver -kill :1
vncserver
vnc還顯示命令行窗口
好,咱們知道,有多是沒有安裝桌面環境。方法安裝:
第一步:安裝x-windows的基礎
apt-get install x-window-system-core
第二步:安裝登陸管理器
apt-get install gdm
第三步:安裝桌面
apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
重啓vnc:
vncserver -kill :1
vncserver
依舊顯示命令行窗口
打開配置中默認桌面(去掉配置中的#)
unset SESSION_MANAGER
exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
理論上是能夠了。 若是繼續沒法看到桌面繼續向下看:
記得在啓動vncservier時生成個日誌.log文件。
查看日誌文件
cat root/.vnc/AYbZ\:1.log
顯示以下錯誤:
error opening security policy file /etc/X11/xserver/SecurityPolicy Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/, removing from list!
咱們安裝字體即是
apt-get install xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi xfonts-scalable xfonts-cyrillic
安裝完成時候,重啓vncserver,再次查看log日誌文件
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, removing from list!
在/usr/share/fonts/X11目錄下有字體文件了,但/usr/X11R6/lib 目錄仍是不存在字體
咱們可讓X11R6裏面軟連接到share/fonts字體目錄中
mkdir -r /usr/X11R6/lib # 沒有X11R6/lib 目錄
cd /usr/X11R6/lib/
ln -s /usr/share/fonts/X11 X11
再次重啓vncserver
OK!
在內存寸土寸金的服務器端,桌面環境佔用越少越好。Ubuntu-desktop至少400MB。發現了好用的xfce,安裝好僅佔用180MB內存。
apt-get install xfce4
編輯~/.vnc/xstartup,添加:
sesion-manager & xfdesktop & xfce4-panel & xfce4-menu-plugin & xfsettingsd & xfconfd & xfwm4 &
VNC直接鏈接服務器,在一網段的計算機有可能用wireshark/sniffer竊聽到用戶名和密碼,能夠經過SSH進行加密端口映射來保證傳輸用戶名和密碼的時候也是加密
ssl -L 參數: -L 遠程端口:本地IP:本地端口 遠程user@遠程IP
ssh -L 5901:localhost:5901 useroot@120.55.65.20*
客戶端:
vncviewer localhost:1
經過wireshark能夠看到用SSH協議進行了加密傳輸。
vncserver -geometry 1440x900
配置文件路徑
which vncserver
file /usr/bin/vncserver
修改vncserver文件的內容:
$geometry = "1024x768"; $vncPort = 5900 + $displayNumber;
改成自定義分辨率、端口號:
$geometry = "1440x900"; $vncPort = 12012 + $displayNumber;
vnc的port是端口號+1display number的,因此此時桌面1的端口號就爲12013; 重啓vncserver。 客戶端鏈接時IP+port,
192.168.1.125:12013