利用session （）函數代碼登錄知乎

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import re
import requests
import http.cookiejar as cookieJar
import time
import codecs
"""
1使用requests中的session會話加載Cookie，若是有Cookie 直接用，若是沒有，不加載，先模擬登陸，將登錄成功返回的cookie記錄保存文件，一變下次使用

2 在登陸過程當中，須要從登錄頁面返回的cookie中長出_xsrf,在傳遞參數的時候將其帶上，而且帶上用戶名和密碼，又可能會出現驗證碼。能夠使用打碼雲工具破解，把驗證碼帶上，就能夠登陸成功了，登陸成功以後，利用
    session。cookie.save（）函數，。將cookie保存本地
    
3 在以後發起請求，只須要將以前保存的cookie帶上，便可正常訪問知乎的數據
 
"""
class ZHCookies(object):

    def __init__(self, phone_num, password):
        self.url = "https://www.zhihu.com/signup?next=%2F"
        self.headers = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
                          "Chrome/64.0.3282.186 Safari/537.36",
            'Host': 'www.zhihu.com',
            "Referer": "https: // www.zhihu.com /"
        }
        self.filename = phone_num + "page.txt"
        self.password = password
        self.session = requests.Session()
        self.session.cookies = cookieJar.LWPCookieJar(filename=self.filename)
        self.phone_num = phone_num
    def get_cookies(self):
        response = self.session.get(self.url, headers=self.headers)
        # 查找_xsrf
        print(response)
        res = response.headers['Set-cookie']
        xsrf = re.search(re.compile('_xsrf=(.*?);',re.S),res)
        xsrf = xsrf.group(1)
        # 再次登陸
        while 1:
            url = "https://www.zhihu.com/login/phone_num"
            data = {
                "phone_num": self.phone_num,
                "password": self.password
            }
            response = self.session.post(url, data=data, headers=self.headers)
            res = response.json()
            if res.get("r") == 0:
                print("登陸成功")
                self.session.cookies.save()
                break
            else:
                print(res.get("mag"))
                print("正在嘗試登陸。。")
                time.sleep(1)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    user_info = [{"phone_num": "********", "password": "*******"}]
    for user in user_info:
        zh = ZHCookies(user["phone_num"], user["password"])
        # zh.get_cookies()
# 利用cookie再次登陸

    import random
    user = random.choice(user_info)
    with requests.Session() as session:
        # 隨機加載 本地cookies文件
        session.cookies = cookieJar.LWPCookieJar()
        session.cookies.load(user["phone_num"] + "page.txt")
        # 發請求
        url = "http://www.zhihu.com"
        response = session.get(url, headers={
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
                          "Chrome/64.0.3282.186 Safari/537.36",
            'Host': 'www.zhihu.com',
            "Referer": "https: // www.zhihu.com /"})
        # 保存
        with codecs.open("zhihu1.html", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            f.write(response.text)