Gentoo更新portage記錄
小記一下這兩天更新服務器版本遇到的各類問題。html
服務器系統： Gentoojava
第一天python
其實原本不打算更新系統的，由於最近想試試免費的SSL證書，因而天然而然搜到了letsencrypt，跟着他們的流程須要安裝mysql
$ sudo emerge -av app-crypt/certbot app-crypt/certbot-nginx
運行了下，結果給出的錯誤是：linux
!!! The following installed packages are masked: - sys-devel/gcc-4.4.5::gentoo (masked by: package.mask) /usr/portage/profiles/package.mask: # Michał Górny <mgorny@gentoo.org>, Andreas K. Hüttel <dilfridge@gentoo.org>, # Matthias Maier <tamiko@gentoo.org> (21 May 2017 and later updates) # These old versions of toolchain packages (binutils, gcc, glibc) are no # longer officially supported and are not suitable for general use. Using # these packages can result in build failures (and possible breakage) for # many packages, and may leave your system vulnerable to known security # exploits. # If you still use one of these old toolchain packages, please upgrade (and # switch the compiler / the binutils) ASAP. If you need them for a specific # (isolated) use case, feel free to unmask them on your system. - sys-libs/glibc-2.23-r3::gentoo (masked by: package.mask) - dev-perl/DBD-mysql-4.41.0::gentoo (masked by: package.mask) /usr/portage/profiles/package.mask: # Kent Fredric <kentnl@gentoo.org> (27 May 2018) # Subject to Man-in-the-middle security bypass vulnerability. # Retained in tree only for users who need older versions # for compatibility reasons. # Bug: #623942 - sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4::gentoo (masked by: package.mask) - sys-devel/binutils-2.26.1::gentoo (masked by: package.mask) For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook.
看到這個錯誤我仍是懵的狀態，不懂什麼意思，而後網上一通亂搜以後，糊里糊塗的以爲是否是應該更新一下portage樹，因而運行以下命令：nginx
$ sudo emerge --sync $ sudo emerge --depclean $ sudo emerge --update --newuse --deep --with-bdeps=y @world
前兩個命令沒有報錯，最後一個命令確定是沒成功的，可是的錯誤信息跟以前的相似，意思就是要我去更新Protage版本。sql
次日bash
又開始來折騰了，我這不達目的不罷休的精神也是可嘉。服務器
網上開始搜索如何更新portageapp
$ sudo emerge -1v portage
打開man emerge, -l 的選項意思以下
--changelog (-l)
Use this in conjunction with the --pretend option. This will show the
ChangeLog entries for all the packages that will be upgraded.
上面命令的結果仍是關於 EAPI
!!! Repository 'x-portage' is missing masters attribute in '/usr/local/portage/metadata/layout.conf' !!! Set 'masters = gentoo' in this file for future compatibility * IMPORTANT: 5 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'. * Use eselect news read to view new items. These are the packages that would be merged, in order: Calculating dependencies... done! !!! All ebuilds that could satisfy "app-eselect/eselect-pinentry" have been masked. !!! One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: - app-eselect/eselect-pinentry-0.7::gentoo (masked by: EAPI 7) The current version of portage supports EAPI '6'. You must upgrade to a newer version of portage before EAPI masked packages can be installed. (dependency required by "app-crypt/pinentry-1.1.0-r2::gentoo" [ebuild]) (dependency required by "app-crypt/gnupg-2.2.10::gentoo" [ebuild]) (dependency required by "sys-apps/portage-2.3.51-r1::gentoo[-build,rsync-verify]" [ebuild]) (dependency required by "portage" [argument]) For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook.
參考了https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-1087032.html?sid=fc9d72cb8cbb9deac2142bfa542cc06f，照着運行了下面四個命令
sudo emerge --sync sudo emerge -qav python sudo USE='-rsync-verify' emerge -qavO portage sudo emerge -qav portage
第一個命令沒有什麼知道參考的結果，下面從第二個命令開始
$ sudo emerge -qav python
這一步雖然有warning消息提示我有幾個package被masked了，可是最終python仍是安裝成功了，結果以下：
Password:
!!! Repository 'x-portage' is missing masters attribute in '/usr/local/portage/metadata/layout.conf'
!!! Set 'masters = gentoo' in this file for future compatibility
* IMPORTANT: 5 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'.
* Use eselect news read to view new items.
[ebuild U ] sys-devel/automake-1.15.1-r2 [1.15] USE="{-test%}"
[ebuild NS ] dev-lang/python-3.6.5 [2.7.14-r1, 3.1.3-r1, 3.4.5-r1] USE="gdbm ipv6 ncurses readline sqlite ssl (threads) xml -build -examples -hardened -libressl {-test} -tk -wininst"
!!! The following installed packages are masked:
- sys-devel/gcc-4.8.5::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
/usr/portage/profiles/releases/17.0/package.mask:
# Andreas K. Huettel <dilfridge@gentoo.org> (27 May 2017)
# In the 17.0 profiles we assume that our system compiler uses C++14
# or later as default language setting. This means it has to be at
# least GCC 6. If you need an older compiler for specific purposes,
# feel free to unmask it, however, using it for normal emerging of
# packages is neither recommended nor supported in any way.
- sys-devel/binutils-2.29.1-r1::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
/usr/portage/profiles/package.mask:
# Michał Górny <mgorny@gentoo.org>, Andreas K. Hüttel <dilfridge@gentoo.org>,
# Matthias Maier <tamiko@gentoo.org> (21 May 2017 and later updates)
# These old versions of toolchain packages (binutils, gcc, glibc) are no
# longer officially supported and are not suitable for general use. Using
# these packages can result in build failures (and possible breakage) for
# many packages, and may leave your system vulnerable to known security
# exploits.
# If you still use one of these old toolchain packages, please upgrade (and
# switch the compiler / the binutils) ASAP. If you need them for a specific
# (isolated) use case, feel free to unmask them on your system.
- sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
- sys-libs/glibc-2.25-r10::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge
man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook.
Would you like to merge these packages? [Yes/No] yes
>>> Recording dev-lang/python in "world" favorites file...
>>> Verifying ebuild manifests
>>> Emerging (1 of 2) sys-devel/automake-1.15.1-r2::gentoo
>>> Installing (1 of 2) sys-devel/automake-1.15.1-r2::gentoo
>>> Emerging (2 of 2) dev-lang/python-3.6.5::gentoo
>>> Installing (2 of 2) dev-lang/python-3.6.5::gentoo
>>> Jobs: 2 of 2 complete Load avg: 2.01, 1.30, 0.63
* Messages for package dev-lang/python-3.6.5:
* You have just upgraded from an older version of Python.
*
* Please adjust PYTHON_TARGETS (if so desired), and run emerge with the --newuse or --changed-use option to rebuild packages installing python modules.
!!! existing preserved libs found
* IMPORTANT: 5 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'.
* Use eselect news read to view new items.
而後運行
sudo USE='-rsync-verify' emerge -qavO portage
結果以下，沒有報錯：
Password: !!! Repository 'x-portage' is missing masters attribute in '/usr/local/portage/metadata/layout.conf' !!! Set 'masters = gentoo' in this file for future compatibility * IMPORTANT: 5 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'. * Use eselect news read to view new items. [ebuild U ] sys-apps/portage-2.3.51-r1 [2.3.3] USE="(ipc) native-extensions xattr -build -doc -epydoc -gentoo-dev% -rsync-verify% (-selinux) (-linguas_ru%)" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_6* (-pypy) -python3_4* -python3_5 (-python3_7)" Would you like to merge these packages? [Yes/No] yes >>> Verifying ebuild manifests >>> Emerging (1 of 1) sys-apps/portage-2.3.51-r1::gentoo >>> Installing (1 of 1) sys-apps/portage-2.3.51-r1::gentoo >>> Jobs: 1 of 1 complete Load avg: 1.41, 1.14, 0.67 !!! existing preserved libs found * IMPORTANT: 5 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'. * Use eselect news read to view new items.
繼續運行最後一步：
$ sudo emerge -qav portage
完整結果輸出以下：
!!! Repository 'x-portage' is missing masters attribute in '/usr/local/portage/metadata/layout.conf'
!!! Set 'masters = gentoo' in this file for future compatibility
* IMPORTANT: 5 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'.
* Use eselect news read to view new items.
[ebuild N ] app-crypt/openpgp-keys-gentoo-release-20190102 USE="-test"
[ebuild N ] dev-libs/libunistring-0.9.10 USE="-doc -static-libs"
[ebuild U ] dev-libs/libgpg-error-1.29 [1.10] USE="nls -common-lisp -static-libs"
[ebuild N ] dev-libs/libassuan-2.5.1 USE="-static-libs"
[ebuild N ] dev-libs/libksba-1.3.5-r1 USE="-static-libs"
[ebuild N ] app-eselect/eselect-lib-bin-symlink-0.1.1
[ebuild N ] app-eselect/eselect-pinentry-0.7
[ebuild N ] dev-libs/libtasn1-4.13 USE="-doc -static-libs -test -valgrind"
[ebuild N ] net-dns/libidn2-2.0.4 USE="-static-libs"
[ebuild U ] dev-libs/libgcrypt-1.8.3 [1.4.6] USE="-doc% -o-flag-munging% -static-libs"
[ebuild N ] dev-libs/nettle-3.4 USE="gmp -doc (-neon) -static-libs -test" CPU_FLAGS_X86="-aes"
[ebuild N ] net-libs/gnutls-3.5.19 USE="cxx idn nls openssl seccomp tls-heartbeat zlib -dane -doc -examples -guile -openpgp -pkcs11 -sslv2 -sslv3 -static-libs -test (-test-full) -tools -valgrind"
[ebuild N ] app-crypt/pinentry-1.1.0-r2 USE="ncurses -caps -emacs -fltk -gnome-keyring -gtk -qt5 -static"
[ebuild N ] dev-python/bz2file-0.98 PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 (-pypy)"
[ebuild N ] app-crypt/gnupg-2.2.10 USE="bzip2 nls readline smartcard ssl -doc -ldap (-selinux) -tofu -tools -usb -wks-server"
[ebuild U ] dev-python/setuptools-40.6.3 [30.4.0] USE="-test" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_6* (-pypy) (-pypy3) -python3_4* -python3_5 (-python3_7)"
[ebuild U ] dev-python/certifi-2018.4.16 [2016.9.26] PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_6* (-pypy) (-pypy3) -python3_4* -python3_5 (-python3_7)"
[ebuild N ] dev-python/pyblake2-1.1.2 PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_6 (-pypy) (-pypy3) -python3_4 -python3_5 (-python3_7)"
[ebuild N ] app-portage/gemato-14.0 USE="blake2 bzip2 gpg -lzma -sha3 -test -tools" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_6 (-pypy) -python3_4 -python3_5 (-python3_7)"
[ebuild R ] sys-apps/portage-2.3.51-r1 USE="(ipc) native-extensions rsync-verify* xattr -build -doc -epydoc -gentoo-dev (-selinux)" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_6 (-pypy) -python3_4 -python3_5 (-python3_7)"
!!! Multiple package instances within a single package slot have been pulled
!!! into the dependency graph, resulting in a slot conflict:
dev-python/setuptools:0
(dev-python/setuptools-40.6.3:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) pulled in by
>=dev-python/setuptools-34[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (app-portage/gemato-14.0:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
^^ ^^
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (dev-python/pyblake2-1.1.2:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (dev-python/certifi-2018.4.16:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (app-portage/gemato-14.0:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
(dev-python/setuptools-30.4.0:0/0::gentoo, installed) pulled in by
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/chardet-2.3.0:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/cryptography-1.7.1:0/0::gentoo, installed)
>=dev-python/setuptools-18.2[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/pip-7.1.2:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/certifi:0
(dev-python/certifi-2018.4.16:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) pulled in by
>=dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (dev-python/setuptools-40.6.3:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
(dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26:0/0::gentoo, installed) pulled in by
dev-python/certifi[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/urllib3-1.16:0/0::gentoo, installed)
>=dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/setuptools-30.4.0:0/0::gentoo, installed)
!!! The following installed packages are masked:
- sys-libs/glibc-2.25-r10::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
/usr/portage/profiles/package.mask:
# Michał Górny <mgorny@gentoo.org>, Andreas K. Hüttel <dilfridge@gentoo.org>,
# Matthias Maier <tamiko@gentoo.org> (21 May 2017 and later updates)
# These old versions of toolchain packages (binutils, gcc, glibc) are no
# longer officially supported and are not suitable for general use. Using
# these packages can result in build failures (and possible breakage) for
# many packages, and may leave your system vulnerable to known security
# exploits.
# If you still use one of these old toolchain packages, please upgrade (and
# switch the compiler / the binutils) ASAP. If you need them for a specific
# (isolated) use case, feel free to unmask them on your system.
- sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
- sys-devel/gcc-4.8.5::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
- sys-devel/binutils-2.29.1-r1::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge
man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook.
上面的錯誤信息我先關注到的點是：
!!! The following installed packages are masked: - sys-libs/glibc-2.25-r10::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
mask的意思以下：
package.mask
The package.mask file primarily blocks the use of packages that cause
problems or are known to have issues on different systems. It resides
in /usr/portage/profiles.
因此多是這個包太舊了，過時了，因此我就更新了這個包
sudo emerge sys-libs/glibc
上述命令運行結果以下：
Calculating dependencies... done! [ebuild U ] sys-libs/glibc-2.27-r6 [2.25-r10] USE="multiarch%* (-compile-locales) -doc%" [blocks B ] <sys-devel/bison-2.7 ("<sys-devel/bison-2.7" is blocking sys-libs/glibc-2.27-r6) * Error: The above package list contains packages which cannot be * installed at the same time on the same system. (sys-devel/bison-2.4.2:0/0::gentoo, installed) pulled in by sys-devel/bison required by (sys-apps/iproute2-3.8.0:0/0::gentoo, installed) sys-devel/bison required by (app-admin/sudo-1.8.1_p2:0/0::gentoo, installed) >=sys-devel/bison-1.875 required by (sys-devel/gcc-6.4.0-r1:6.4.0/6.4.0::gentoo, installed) >=sys-devel/bison-1.875 required by (sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4:4.5.4/4.5.4::gentoo, installed) sys-devel/bison required by (virtual/yacc-0:0/0::gentoo, installed) sys-devel/bison required by (dev-db/postgresql-9.0.5:9.0/9.0::gentoo, installed) >=sys-devel/bison-1.875 required by (sys-devel/gcc-4.8.5:4.8.5/4.8.5::gentoo, installed) sys-devel/bison required by (sys-libs/glibc-2.27-r6:2.2/2.2::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) (sys-libs/glibc-2.27-r6:2.2/2.2::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) pulled in by >=sys-libs/glibc-2.6 required by (sys-libs/e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.14:0/0::gentoo, installed) >=sys-libs/glibc-2.8 required by (sys-devel/gcc-4.8.5:4.8.5/4.8.5::gentoo, installed) >=sys-libs/glibc-2.7 required by (sys-apps/iproute2-3.8.0:0/0::gentoo, installed) >=sys-libs/glibc-2.9 required by (sys-fs/udev-151-r4:0/0::gentoo, installed) >=sys-libs/glibc-2.8 required by (sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4:4.5.4/4.5.4::gentoo, installed) sys-libs/glibc sys-libs/glibc required by @selected >=sys-libs/glibc-2.13 required by (sys-devel/gcc-6.4.0-r1:6.4.0/6.4.0::gentoo, installed) >=sys-libs/glibc-2.9_p20081201 required by (dev-libs/libev-4.23:0/0::gentoo, installed) sys-libs/glibc required by (dev-java/sun-jdk-1.6.0.29:1.6/1.6::gentoo, installed) >=sys-libs/glibc-2.7 required by (sys-libs/pam-1.1.3:0/0::gentoo, installed) sys-libs/glibc:2.2 required by (virtual/libc-0:0/0::gentoo, installed) For more information about Blocked Packages, please refer to the following section of the Gentoo Linux x86 Handbook (architecture is irrelevant): https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:X86/Working/Portage#Blocked_packages !!! The following installed packages are masked: - sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4::gentoo (masked by: package.mask) /usr/portage/profiles/package.mask: # Michał Górny <mgorny@gentoo.org>, Andreas K. Hüttel <dilfridge@gentoo.org>, # Matthias Maier <tamiko@gentoo.org> (21 May 2017 and later updates) # These old versions of toolchain packages (binutils, gcc, glibc) are no # longer officially supported and are not suitable for general use. Using # these packages can result in build failures (and possible breakage) for # many packages, and may leave your system vulnerable to known security # exploits. # If you still use one of these old toolchain packages, please upgrade (and # switch the compiler / the binutils) ASAP. If you need them for a specific # (isolated) use case, feel free to unmask them on your system. - sys-devel/gcc-4.8.5::gentoo (masked by: package.mask) - sys-devel/binutils-2.29.1-r1::gentoo (masked by: package.mask) For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook.
紅色標註的話意思是想要安裝的包被 sys-devel/bison-2.7 給阻塞了，因此我打算先更新 sys-devel/bison
sudo emerge sys-devel/bison
上面命令運行沒報錯，bison更新完了，那再次更新 glibc
sudo emerge sys-libs/glibc
😁glibc也更新成功了, 感受離成功不遠啦！
Note: 更新完glibc，要記得去重啓cron，否則會cronjob會以下錯誤：
Feb 28 17:15:01 staging cron[18908]: PAM unable to dlopen(/lib/security/pam_unix.so): /lib/libcrypt.so.1: symbol __open_nocancel, version GLIBC_PRIVATE not defined in file libc.so.6 with link time reference Feb 28 17:15:01 staging cron[18908]: PAM adding faulty module: /lib/security/pam_unix.so Feb 28 17:15:01 staging cron[18908]: Module is unknown
返回再次運行
sudo emerge -qav portage
給出以下錯誤：
!!! Multiple package instances within a single package slot have been pulled
!!! into the dependency graph, resulting in a slot conflict:
dev-python/setuptools:0
(dev-python/setuptools-40.6.3:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) pulled in by
>=dev-python/setuptools-34[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (app-portage/gemato-14.0:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
^^ ^^
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (dev-python/pyblake2-1.1.2:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (dev-python/certifi-2018.4.16:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (app-portage/gemato-14.0:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
(dev-python/setuptools-30.4.0:0/0::gentoo, installed) pulled in by
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/chardet-2.3.0:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/cryptography-1.7.1:0/0::gentoo, installed)
>=dev-python/setuptools-18.2[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/pip-7.1.2:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/certifi:0
(dev-python/certifi-2018.4.16:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) pulled in by
>=dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (dev-python/setuptools-40.6.3:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
(dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26:0/0::gentoo, installed) pulled in by
dev-python/certifi[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/urllib3-1.16:0/0::gentoo, installed)
>=dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/setuptools-30.4.0:0/0::gentoo, installed)
!!! The following installed packages are masked:
- sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
/usr/portage/profiles/package.mask:
# Michał Górny <mgorny@gentoo.org>, Andreas K. Hüttel <dilfridge@gentoo.org>,
# Matthias Maier <tamiko@gentoo.org> (21 May 2017 and later updates)
# These old versions of toolchain packages (binutils, gcc, glibc) are no
# longer officially supported and are not suitable for general use. Using
# these packages can result in build failures (and possible breakage) for
# many packages, and may leave your system vulnerable to known security
# exploits.
# If you still use one of these old toolchain packages, please upgrade (and
# switch the compiler / the binutils) ASAP. If you need them for a specific
# (isolated) use case, feel free to unmask them on your system.
- sys-devel/gcc-4.8.5::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
- sys-devel/binutils-2.29.1-r1::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge
man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook.
跟剛纔的錯誤消息相似，glibc包的錯誤沒有了，可是gcc的錯誤依然在：
- sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4::gentoo (masked by: package.mask)
那就更新 gcc吧，運行了命令：
sudo emerge sys-devel/gcc
這個命令運行了好久好久~~~
最後成功了安裝了gcc的最新版本 sys-devel/gcc-7.3.0-r3
再次運行
sudo emerge -qav portage
然而結果仍是跟沒安裝gcc以前同樣，沒有變化。
查看gss版本：
emerge -p --depclean sys-devel/gcc
結果以下
Calculating dependencies... done!
>>> Calculating removal order...
>>> These are the packages that would be unmerged:
sys-devel/gcc
selected: 4.5.4 4.8.5 5.4.0-r3 6.4.0-r1
protected: none
omitted: 7.3.0-r3
All selected packages: =sys-devel/gcc-5.4.0-r3 =sys-devel/gcc-4.8.5 =sys-devel/gcc-6.4.0-r1 =sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4
>>> 'Selected' packages are slated for removal.
>>> 'Protected' and 'omitted' packages will not be removed.
Packages installed: 361
Packages in world: 85
Packages in system: 43
Required packages: 357
Number to remove: 4
沒轍了，毅然決然刪除舊版本gcc
sudo emerge -C sys-devel/gcc-4.5.4 sudo emerge -C sys-devel/gcc-4.8.5
成功刪除！
再再再次運行
sudo emerge -qav portage
恩，這下結果有變，gcc的錯誤沒有了
!!! The following installed packages are masked: - sys-devel/binutils-2.29.1-r1::gentoo (masked by: package.mask) /usr/portage/profiles/package.mask: # Michał Górny <mgorny@gentoo.org>, Andreas K. Hüttel <dilfridge@gentoo.org>, # Matthias Maier <tamiko@gentoo.org> (21 May 2017 and later updates) # These old versions of toolchain packages (binutils, gcc, glibc) are no # longer officially supported and are not suitable for general use. Using # these packages can result in build failures (and possible breakage) for # many packages, and may leave your system vulnerable to known security # exploits. # If you still use one of these old toolchain packages, please upgrade (and # switch the compiler / the binutils) ASAP. If you need them for a specific # (isolated) use case, feel free to unmask them on your system. For more information, see the MASKED PACKAGES section in the emerge man page or refer to the Gentoo Handbook.
這下改更新binutils了
sudo emerge sys-devel/binutils
binutils從 2.29.1-r1 更新到 2.30-r4，下面就刪除舊版本
sudo emerge -C sys-devel/binutils-2.29.1-r1
再再再再次運行
sudo emerge -qav portage
這下錯誤信息只剩一種了：
!!! Multiple package instances within a single package slot have been pulled
!!! into the dependency graph, resulting in a slot conflict:
dev-python/setuptools:0
(dev-python/setuptools-40.6.3:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) pulled in by
>=dev-python/setuptools-34[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (app-portage/gemato-14.0:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
^^ ^^
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (dev-python/pyblake2-1.1.2:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (dev-python/certifi-2018.4.16:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (app-portage/gemato-14.0:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
(dev-python/setuptools-30.4.0:0/0::gentoo, installed) pulled in by
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/chardet-2.3.0:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/cryptography-1.7.1:0/0::gentoo, installed)
>=dev-python/setuptools-18.2[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/pip-7.1.2:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/certifi:0
(dev-python/certifi-2018.4.16:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) pulled in by
>=dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26[python_targets_pypy(-)?,python_targets_pypy3(-)?,python_targets_python2_7(-)?,python_targets_python3_4(-)?,python_targets_python3_5(-)?,python_targets_python3_6(-)?,python_targets_python3_7(-)?,-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-),-python_single_target_python3_7(-)] required by (dev-python/setuptools-40.6.3:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge)
(dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26:0/0::gentoo, installed) pulled in by
dev-python/certifi[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/urllib3-1.16:0/0::gentoo, installed)
>=dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/setuptools-30.4.0:0/0::gentoo, installed)
這個裏面的重點錯誤消息是：
!!! Multiple package instances within a single package slot have been pulled
!!! into the dependency graph, resulting in a slot conflict:
因而google了第一句出錯消息，果真有不少人遇到相似狀況，看着你們建議更新標註的那些包, 我這邊就是 dev-python/setuptools:0 和 dev-python/certifi:0
因而乎就一一更新
sudo emerge dev-python/setuptools
運行結果跟上一個命令 ` sudo emerge -qav portage ` 同樣，沒有變化。
傻傻又更新一次另一個包:
sudo emerge dev-python/certifi
仍是一樣結果~~
不能放棄，眼看就要成功了！
又google了下，運行
sudo emerge --ask --oneshot dev-python/setuptools-30.4.0 dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26
提示以下，這個錯誤有點low：
!!! 'dev-python/setuptools-30.4.0' is not a valid package atom. !!! Please check ebuild(5) for full details.
我有點病急亂投醫了，整個過程都是在嘗試，嘗試。
恩，再試，更新 setuptools
sudo emerge -u dev-python/setuptools
命令結果以下：
dev-python/certifi:0
(dev-python/certifi-2018.4.16:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) conflicts with
>=dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/setuptools-30.4.0:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/certifi[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/urllib3-1.16:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/setuptools:0
(dev-python/setuptools-40.6.3:0/0::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) conflicts with
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/certifi-2016.9.26:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/chardet-2.3.0:0/0::gentoo, installed)
dev-python/setuptools[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/cryptography-1.7.1:0/0::gentoo, installed)
>=dev-python/setuptools-18.2[python_targets_python2_7(-),python_targets_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_pypy(-),-python_single_target_pypy3(-),-python_single_target_python2_7(-),-python_single_target_python3_4(-),-python_single_target_python3_5(-),-python_single_target_python3_6(-)] required by (dev-python/pip-7.1.2:0/0::gentoo, installed)
>>> Recording dev-python/setuptools in "world" favorites file...
>>> Auto-cleaning packages...
>>> No outdated packages were found on your system.
額，要不從最後一個下手：
required by (dev-python/pip-7.1.2:0/0::gentoo, installed)
更新pip
sudo emerge -u dev-python/pip
恩！更新成功，仍是有望搞定的。
返回運行
sudo emerge -u dev-python/setuptools
哇，居然沒有錯誤了，這麼神奇
再再再再再運行那個萬惡之源的命令
sudo emerge -qav portage
驚喜，意外，提示我能夠更新了！！！！！
...... [ebuild N ] app-crypt/pinentry-1.1.0-r2 USE="ncurses -caps -emacs -fltk -gnome-keyring -gtk -qt5 -static" [ebuild N ] dev-python/bz2file-0.98 PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 (-pypy)" [ebuild N ] app-crypt/gnupg-2.2.10 USE="bzip2 nls readline smartcard ssl -doc -ldap (-selinux) -tofu -tools -usb -wks-server" [ebuild N ] dev-python/pyblake2-1.1.2 PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_6 (-pypy) (-pypy3) -python3_4 -python3_5 (-python3_7)" [ebuild N ] app-portage/gemato-14.0 USE="blake2 bzip2 gpg -lzma -sha3 -test -tools" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_6 (-pypy) -python3_4 -python3_5 (-python3_7)" [ebuild R ] sys-apps/portage-2.3.51-r1 USE="(ipc) native-extensions rsync-verify* xattr -build -doc -epydoc -gentoo-dev (-selinux)" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_6 (-pypy) -python3_4 -python3_5 (-python3_7)" Would you like to merge these packages? [Yes/No] yes >>> Verifying ebuild manifests >>> Emerging (1 of 18) app-crypt/openpgp-keys-gentoo-release-20190102::gentoo >>> Installing (1 of 18) app-crypt/openpgp-keys-gentoo-release-20190102::gentoo >>> Emerging (2 of 18) dev-libs/libunistring-0.9.10::gentoo >>> Installing (2 of 18) dev-libs/libunistring-0.9.10::gentoo >>> Emerging (3 of 18) dev-libs/libgpg-error-1.29::gentoo >>> Installing (3 of 18) dev-libs/libgpg-error-1.29::gentoo >>> Emerging (4 of 18) dev-libs/libassuan-2.5.1::gentoo >>> Installing (4 of 18) dev-libs/libassuan-2.5.1::gentoo
至此，portage更新成功，
返回安裝letsencrypt須要的包，
sudo emerge -av app-crypt/certbot app-crypt/certbot-nginx
成功！！！
下面就跟着certbot官網教程來安裝免費SSL啦，Yeah！！
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