cp ——linux拷貝命令

該命令的功能是將給出的文件或目錄拷貝到另外一文件或目錄中，同MSDOS下的copy命令同樣，功能十分強大。
語法： cp [選項] 源文件或目錄 目標文件或目錄
說明：該命令把指定的源文件複製到目標文件或把多個源文件複製到目標目錄中。
該命令的各選項含義以下：
- a 該選項一般在拷貝目錄時使用。它保留連接、文件屬性，並遞歸地拷貝目錄，其做用等於dpR選項的組合。
- d 拷貝時保留連接。
- f 刪除已經存在的目標文件而不提示。
- i 和f選項相反，在覆蓋目標文件以前將給出提示要求用戶確認。回答y時目標文件將被覆蓋，是交互式拷貝。
- p 此時cp除複製源文件的內容外，還將把其修改時間和訪問權限也複製到新文件中。
- r 若給出的源文件是一目錄文件，此時cp將遞歸複製該目錄下全部的子目錄和文件。此時目標文件必須爲一個目錄名。
- l 不做拷貝，只是連接文件。

舉例：
將文件abc複製(已存在)，並命名爲123：
     cp abc 123
將全部的C語言程序拷貝到temp子目錄中：
    cp *.c temp

[dennischen@lxw12 temp]$ cp --help
Usage: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST
or: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
or: cp [OPTION]... --target-directory=DIRECTORY SOURCE...
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --archive                same as -dpR
      --backup[=CONTROL]       make a backup of each existing destination file
-b                           like --backup but does not accept an argument
      --copy-contents          copy contents of special files when recursive
-d                           same as --no-dereference --preserve=link
      --no-dereference         never follow symbolic links
-f, --force                  if an existing destination file cannot be
                                 opened, remove it and try again
-i, --interactive            prompt before overwrite
-H                           follow command-line symbolic links
-l, --link                   link files instead of copying
-L, --dereference            always follow symbolic links
-p                           same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps
      --preserve[=ATTR_LIST]   preserve the specified attributes (default:
                                 mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible
                                 additional attributes: links, all
      --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST don't preserve the specified attributes
      --parents                append source path to DIRECTORY
-P                           same as `--no-dereference'
-R, -r, --recursive          copy directories recursively
      --remove-destination     remove each existing destination file before
                                 attempting to open it (contrast with --force)
      --reply={yes,no,query}   specify how to handle the prompt about an
                                 existing destination file
      --sparse=WHEN            control creation of sparse files
      --strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE
                                 argument
-s, --symbolic-link          make symbolic links instead of copying
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX          override the usual backup suffix
      --target-directory=DIRECTORY move all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
-u, --update                 copy only when the SOURCE file is newer
                                 than the destination file or when the
                                 destination file is missing
-v, --verbose                explain what is being done
-x, --one-file-system        stay on this file system
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version output version information and exit

By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the
corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well. That is the behavior
selected by --sparse=auto. Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DEST
file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.
Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.

The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through
the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:

none, off       never make backups (even if --backup is given)
numbered, t     make numbered backups
existing, nil   numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
simple, never   always make simple backups

As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup
options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,
regular file.

Report bugs to <[email]bug-fileutils@gnu.org[/email]>.
[dennischen@lxw12 temp]$

 

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