Maven pom文件經常使用配置，轉載
什麼是POM
Project Object Model，項目對象模型。經過xml格式保存的pom.xml文件。做用相似ant的build.xml文件，功能更強大。該文件用於管理：源代碼、配置文件、開發者的信息和角色、問題追蹤系統、組織信息、項目受權、項目的url、項目的依賴關係等等。java
一個完整的pom.xml文件，放置在項目的根目錄下。apache
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<!– The Basics –>
<groupId>…</groupId>
<artifactId>…</artifactId>
<version>…</version>
<packaging>…</packaging>
<dependencies>…</dependencies>
<parent>…</parent>
<dependencyManagement>…</dependencyManagement>
<modules>…</modules>
<properties>…</properties>
<!– Build Settings –>
<build>…</build>
<reporting>…</reporting>
<!– More Project Information –>
<name>…</name>
<description>…</description>
<url>…</url>
<inceptionYear>…</inceptionYear>
<licenses>…</licenses>
<organization>…</organization>
<developers>…</developers>
<contributors>…</contributors>
<!– Environment Settings –>
<issueManagement>…</issueManagement>
<ciManagement>…</ciManagement>
<mailingLists>…</mailingLists>
<scm>…</scm>
<prerequisites>…</prerequisites>
<repositories>…</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>…</pluginRepositories>
<distributionManagement>…</distributionManagement>
<profiles>…</profiles>
</project>app
基本設置
maven的協做相關屬性
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>my-project</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
</project>maven
- groupId : 組織標識，例如：org.codehaus.mojo，在M2_REPO目錄下，將是: org/codehaus/mojo目錄。
- artifactId : 項目名稱，例如：my-project，在M2_REPO目錄下，將是：org/codehaus/mojo/my-project目錄。
- version : 版本號，例如：1.0，在M2_REPO目錄下，將是：org/codehaus/mojo/my-project/1.0目錄。
- packaging : 打包的格式，能夠爲：pom , jar , maven-plugin , ejb , war , ear , rar , par
POM之間的關係
主要用於POM文件的複用。ide
依賴關係：依賴關係列表（dependency list）是POM的重要部分。post
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
…
</dependencies>ui
- groupId , artifactId , version :
- scope : compile(default),provided,runtime,test,system
- exclusions
繼承關係：繼承其餘pom.xml配置的機制。url
好比父pom.xml：操作系統
<project>
[...]
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.4</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
[...]
</project>插件
在子pom.xml文件繼承它的依賴（還能夠繼承其餘的：developers and contributors、plugin lists、reports lists、plugin executions with matching ids、plugin configuration）：
[...]
<parent>
<groupId>com.devzuz.mvnbook.proficio</groupId>
<artifactId>proficio</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
[...]
在這種機制下，maven還提供了一個相似java.lang.Object的頂級父pom.xml文件：
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<name>Maven Default Project</name>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
<layout>default</layout>
<url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>central</id>
<name>Maven Plugin Repository</name>
<url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
<layout>default</layout>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<releases>
<updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
</releases>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<build>
<directory>target</directory>
<outputDirectory>target/classes</outputDirectory>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}-${project.version}</finalName>
<testOutputDirectory>target/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
<sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
<scriptSourceDirectory>src/main/scripts</scriptSourceDirectory>
<testSourceDirectory>src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<directory>src/test/resources</directory>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2-beta-2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-ear-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-ejb-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-plugin-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-rar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-release-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0-beta-7</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0-beta-6</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1-alpha-1</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
<reporting>
<outputDirectory>target/site</outputDirectory>
</reporting>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>release-profile</id>
<activation>
<property>
<name>performRelease</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
</activation>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<inherited>true</inherited>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>attach-sources</id>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<inherited>true</inherited>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>attach-javadocs</id>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<inherited>true</inherited>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<updateReleaseInfo>true</updateReleaseInfo>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>
能夠經過下面命令查看當前pom.xml受到超pom.xml文件的影響：
mvn help:effective-pom
聚合關係：用於將多個maven項目聚合爲一個大的項目。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>my-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<modules>
<module>my-project<module>
</modules>
</project>
屬性
maven的屬性，是值的佔位符，相似EL，相似ant的屬性，好比${X}，可用於pom文件任何賦值的位置。有如下分類：
- env.X：操做系統環境變量，好比${env.PATH}
- project.x：pom文件中的屬性，好比：<project><version>1.0</version></project>，引用方式：${project.version}
- settings.x：settings.xml文件中的屬性，好比：<settings><offline>false</offline></settings>，引用方式：${settings.offline}
- Java System Properties：java.lang.System.getProperties()中的屬性，好比java.home，引用方式：${java.home}
- 自定義：在pom文件中能夠：<properties><installDir>c:/apps/cargo-installs</installDir></properties>，引用方式：${installDir}
構建設置
構建有兩種build標籤：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
…
<!– "Project Build" contains more elements than just the BaseBuild set –>
<build>…</build>
<profiles>
<profile>
<!– "Profile Build" contains a subset of "Project Build"s elements –>
<build>…</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>
build中的主要標籤：Resources和Plugins。
Resources：用於排除或包含某些資源文件
<resources>
<resource>
<targetPath>META-INF/plexus</targetPath>
<filtering>false</filtering>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/plexus</directory>
<includes>
<include>configuration.xml</include>
</includes>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*.properties</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
</resources>
Plugins：設置構建的插件
<build> … <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <extensions>false</extensions> <inherited>true</inherited> <configuration> <classifier>test</classifier> </configuration> <dependencies>…</dependencies> <executions>…</executions> </plugin>
- 1. maven中pom文件配置
- 2. Maven 經常使用配置
- 3. 經常使用 Maven 配置
- 4. Maven pom經常使用plugins配置說明
- 5. Maven pom 配置
- 6. maven手動打包pom文件配置
- 7. POM文件配置Maven倉庫地址
- 8. maven pom配置文件樣本
- 9. POM文件配置解析
- 10. Springboot的pom文件配置
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每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。
- 1. maven中pom文件配置
- 2. Maven 經常使用配置
- 3. 經常使用 Maven 配置
- 4. Maven pom經常使用plugins配置說明
- 5. Maven pom 配置
- 6. maven手動打包pom文件配置
- 7. POM文件配置Maven倉庫地址
- 8. maven pom配置文件樣本
- 9. POM文件配置解析
- 10. Springboot的pom文件配置