mac下鏡像飛速安裝Homebrew教程

Homebrew是一款包管理工具,目前支持macOSlinux系統。主要有四個部分組成: brewhomebrew-corehomebrew-caskhomebrew-bottleshtml

名稱 說明
brew Homebrew 源代碼倉庫
homebrew-core Homebrew 核心源
homebrew-cask 提供 macOS 應用和大型二進制文件的安裝
homebrew-bottles 預編譯二進制軟件包

本文主要介紹Homebrew安裝方式以及如何加速訪問,順便普及一些必要的知識。linux

1. 腳本說明

Homebrew默認安裝腳本:git

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

若是你等待一段時間以後遇到下面提示,就說明沒法訪問官方腳本地址:github

curl: (7) Failed to connect to raw.githubusercontent.com port 443: Operation timed out

請使用下面的腳本:ruby

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/ineo6/homebrew-install/install)"

上面腳本中使用了中科大鏡像來加速訪問。bash

2. 執行命令

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/ineo6/homebrew-install/install)"

若是命令執行中卡在下面信息:app

==> Tapping homebrew/core
Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...

Command + C中斷腳本執行以下命令:curl

cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/"
mkdir homebrew && cd homebrew
git clone git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git

成功執行以後繼續執行前文的安裝命令。工具

最後看到==> Installation successful!就說明安裝成功了。url

最最後執行:

brew update

卸載Homebrew

使用官方腳本一樣會遇到uninstall地址沒法訪問問題,能夠替換爲下面腳本:

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/ineo6/homebrew-install/uninstall)"

4. 設置鏡像

brewhomebrew/core是必備項目,homebrew/caskhomebrew/bottles按需設置。

經過 brew config 命令查看配置信息。

4.1 中科大源

git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git

git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git

git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-cask.git

brew update

# 長期替換homebrew-bottles
echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile

注意bottles能夠臨時設置,在終端執行下面命令:

export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles

4.2 清華大學源

git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git

git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git

git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-cask.git

brew update

# 長期替換homebrew-bottles
echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile

4.3 恢復

git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/brew.git

git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core.git

git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-cask.git

brew update

homebrew-bottles配置只能手動刪除,將 ~/.bash_profile 文件中的 HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.xxx.com內容刪除,並執行 source ~/.bash_profile

5. 總結

在前面的過程當中咱們把brewhomebrew-core的地址都指向到中科大鏡像。

原理是經過修改install腳本,在裏面預設鏡像地址來作到的。

#!/usr/bin/ruby
# This script installs to /usr/local only. To install elsewhere (which is
# unsupported) you can untar https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/tarball/master
# anywhere you like.
HOMEBREW_PREFIX = "/usr/local".freeze
HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY = "/usr/local/Homebrew".freeze
HOMEBREW_CACHE = "#{ENV["HOME"]}/Library/Caches/Homebrew".freeze
# 這裏替換了BREW_REPO
BREW_REPO = "https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git".freeze

最後不完美的地方是咱們只能預設brew鏡像,沒找到比較好的辦法預設homebrew-corehomebrew-caskgit地址。

參考文章

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