Selenium基於Python web自動化測試框架 -- PO

關於selenium測試框架首先想到的就是PO模型,簡單說下PO模型html

PO模型的概念和理解:web

PO就是一個設計思想,將代碼以頁面爲單位進行組織,針對這個頁面上的全部信息、相關操做都放到一個類中,從而使具體的測試用例變成了簡單的調用和驗證操做。框架

優勢:進行了拆分和分層測試

缺點:對於複雜的業務page層變了,case也須要去改動ui

PO模型的目錄結構:url

其中,base_page是login_page、search_page的基礎。test_login調用login_page,login_page調用base_page,同理test_search。spa

PO代碼示例:設計

base_page.pycode

 

 1 from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
 2 
 3 '''
 4 這個類主要是完成全部頁面的一些公共方法的封裝
 5 '''
 6 class Action(object):
 7     #初始化
 8     def __init__(self,se_driver):
 9         self.driver = se_driver
10 
11     #定義open方法
12     def open(self,url):
13         self.driver.get(url)
14         self.driver.maximize_window()
15 
16     #重寫元素定位的方法
17     def find_element(self,*loc):
18         try:
19             WebDriverWait(self.driver,20).until(lambda driver:driver.find_element(*loc).is_displayed())
20             return self.driver.find_element(*loc)
21         except Exception as e:
22             print("未找到%s"%(self,loc))
23 
24     #定義script方法,用於執行js腳本
25     def script(self,src):
26         self.driver.execute_script(src)
27 
28     #重寫send_keys方法
29     def send_keys(self,loc,value,clear_first=True,clik_first=True):
30         try:
31             if clik_first:
32                 self.find_element(*loc).click()
33             if clear_first:
34                 self.find_element(*loc).clear()
35                 self.find_element(*loc).send_keys(value)
36         except AttributeError:
37             print("未找到%s"%(self,loc))

 

login_page.pyhtm

 1 from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
 2 from seleniumframework.PO import base_page
 3 import time
 4 
 5 class LoginPage(base_page.Action):
 6     link_loc = (By.LINK_TEXT,"登陸")
 7     name_loc = (By.ID,"TANGRAM__PSP_8__userName")
 8     password_loc = (By.ID,"TANGRAM__PSP_8__password")
 9     submit_loc = (By.ID,"TANGRAM__PSP_8__submit")
10 
11     username_top = (By.LINK_TEXT,"hanxiaobei")
12 
13 
14     def click_link(self):
15         self.find_element(*self.link_loc).click()
16         time.sleep(3)           #等待3秒,等待登陸彈窗加載完成
17 
18     def run_case(self,value1,value2):
19         self.find_element(*self.name_loc).send_keys(value1)
20         self.find_element(*self.password_loc).send_keys(value2)
21         time.sleep(20)          #手動輸入驗證碼
22         self.find_element(*self.submit_loc).click()
23         time.sleep(5)           #等待5秒,登陸後的頁面加載完成
24 
25     def get_username(self):
26         return self.find_element(*self.username_top).text

test_login.py

 1 import unittest
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 from seleniumframework.PO.login_page import LoginPage
 4 import time
 5 
 6 class TestBaiduLogin(unittest.TestCase):
 7     """UI自動化登陸"""
 8     def setUp(self):
 9         self.url = "http://www.baidu.com"
10         self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
11         self.driver.implicitly_wait(20)
12         # self.verificationErrors = []
13 
14     def tearDown(self):
15         time.sleep(5)
16         self.driver.quit()
17         # self.assertEqual([],self.verificationErrors)
18 
19     def test_login(self):
20         """百度登陸"""
21         sp = LoginPage(self.driver)
22         sp.open(self.url)
23         sp.click_link()
24         sp.run_case("hanxiaobei","xxxxxxx")
25         self.assertEqual(sp.get_username(),"hanxiaobei",msg="驗證失敗!")

main.py 運行的主入口

 1 import unittest
 2 import HTMLTestRunner
 3 
 4 #相對路徑
 5 testcase_path = ".\\testcase"
 6 report_path = ".\\report\\report.html"
 7 def creat_suite():
 8     uit = unittest.TestSuite()
 9     discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(testcase_path,pattern="test_*.py")
10     for test_suite in discover:
11         # print(test_suite)
12         for test_case in test_suite:
13             uit.addTest(test_case)
14     return uit
15 
16 suite = creat_suite()
17 fp = open(report_path,"wb")
18 runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,title="測試結果",description="測試搜索結果")
19 runner.run(suite)
20 fp.close()

解決報告命名的問題:

 

1 now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
2 print(now)
3 report_path = ".\\report\\"+now+"report.html"

 

測試報告截圖:

 

search_page.py

 

 1 from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
 2 from seleniumframework.PO import base_page
 3 
 4 #繼承base後既能夠調用base的方法也可本身添加新的方法
 5 class SearchPage(base_page.Action):
 6 
 7     #經過id進行定位元素
 8     search_loc = (By.ID,"kw")
 9 
10     def run_case(self,value):
11         #第一種利用原生的send_keys方法
12         self.find_element(*self.search_loc).send_keys(value)
13 
14         #第二種利用二次封裝的send_keys方法
15         # self.send_keys(self.search_loc,value)

test_search.py

 1 import unittest
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 from seleniumframework.PO.search_page import SearchPage
 4 import time
 5 
 6 class TestBaiduSearch(unittest.TestCase):
 7     """UI自動化搜索"""
 8     def setUp(self):
 9         self.url = "http://www.baidu.com"
10         self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
11         self.driver.implicitly_wait(20)
12         self.verificationErrors = []
13 
14     def tearDown(self):
15         time.sleep(5)
16         self.driver.quit()
17         self.assertEqual([],self.verificationErrors)
18 
19     def test_search(self):
20         """搜索測試關鍵字"""
21         sp = SearchPage(self.driver)
22         sp.open(self.url)
23         sp.run_case("測試")
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