C++實現base64編碼

將昨天的php代碼改形成C++php

/*base_64.h文件*/
#ifndef BASE_64_H
#define BASE_64_H
/**
 * Base64 編碼/解碼
 * @author liruixing
 */
class Base64{
private:
    std::string _base64_table;
    static const char base64_pad = '=';public:
    Base64()
    {
        _base64_table = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"; /*這是Base64編碼使用的標準字典*/
    }
    /**
     * 這裏必須是unsigned類型,不然編碼中文的時候出錯
     */
    std::string Encode(const unsigned char * str,int bytes);
    std::string Decode(const char *str,int bytes);
    void Debug(bool open = true);
};
#endif

 

上面定義了一個頭文件,定義base64的類ios

/*base_64.cpp文件*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include "base_64.h"

std::string Base64::Encode(const unsigned char * str,int bytes) {
    int num = 0,bin = 0,i;
    std::string _encode_result;
    const unsigned char * current;
    current = str;
    while(bytes > 2) {
        _encode_result += _base64_table[current[0] >> 2];
        _encode_result += _base64_table[((current[0] & 0x03) << 4) + (current[1] >> 4)];
        _encode_result += _base64_table[((current[1] & 0x0f) << 2) + (current[2] >> 6)];
        _encode_result += _base64_table[current[2] & 0x3f];

        current += 3;
        bytes -= 3;
    }
    if(bytes > 0)
    {
        _encode_result += _base64_table[current[0] >> 2];
        if(bytes%3 == 1) {
            _encode_result += _base64_table[(current[0] & 0x03) << 4];
            _encode_result += "==";
        } else if(bytes%3 == 2) {
            _encode_result += _base64_table[((current[0] & 0x03) << 4) + (current[1] >> 4)];
            _encode_result += _base64_table[(current[1] & 0x0f) << 2];
            _encode_result += "=";
        }
    }
    return _encode_result;
}
std::string Base64::Decode(const char *str,int length) {
       //解碼錶
    const char DecodeTable[] =
    {
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -1, -1, -2, -2, -1, -2, -2,
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -1, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, 62, -2, -2, -2, 63,
        52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2,  0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
        15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,
        41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2,
        -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2, -2
    };
    int bin = 0,i=0,pos=0;
    std::string _decode_result;
    const char *current = str;
    char ch;
    while( (ch = *current++) != '\0' && length-- > 0 )
    {
        if (ch == base64_pad) { // 當前一個字符是「=」號
            /*
            先說明一個概念:在解碼時,4個字符爲一組進行一輪字符匹配。
            兩個條件:
                一、若是某一輪匹配的第二個是「=」且第三個字符不是「=」,說明這個帶解析字符串不合法,直接返回空
                二、若是當前「=」不是第二個字符,且後面的字符只包含空白符,則說明這個這個條件合法,能夠繼續。
            */
            if (*current != '=' && (i % 4) == 1) {
                return NULL;
            }
            continue;
        }
        ch = DecodeTable[ch];
        //這個很重要,用來過濾全部不合法的字符
        if (ch < 0 ) { /* a space or some other separator character, we simply skip over */
            continue;
        }
        switch(i % 4)
        {
            case 0:
                bin = ch << 2;
                break;
            case 1:
                bin |= ch >> 4;
                _decode_result += bin;
                bin = ( ch & 0x0f ) << 4;
                break;
            case 2:
                bin |= ch >> 2;
                _decode_result += bin;
                bin = ( ch & 0x03 ) << 6;
                break;
            case 3:
                bin |= ch;
                _decode_result += bin;
                break;
        }
        i++;
    }
    return _decode_result;
}

base64類中方法的定義其實是在base_64.cpp中進行的。測試

上面的兩個文件用來生成一個靜態連接庫:libbase_64.aui

g++ -c base_64.cpp
ar rs libbase_64.a base_64.o

下面來進行實際的測試:編碼

/*main.cppe文件*/
#include <iostream>
#include "base_64.h"

using namespace std;
int main()
{
    unsigned char str[] = "這是一條測試數據:http://img.v.cmcm.com/7dd6e6d7-0c2d-5a58-a072-71f828b94cbc_crop_216x150.jpg";
    string normal,encoded;
    int i,len = sizeof(str)-1;
    Base64 *base = new Base64();
    encoded = base->Encode(str,len);
    cout << "base64 encode : " << encoded << endl;
    len = encoded.length();
    const char * str2 = encoded.c_str();
    normal = base->Decode(str2,len);
    cout << "base64 decode : " << normal <<endl;
    return 0;
}

編譯代碼並運行spa

g++ main.cpp -L. -lbase_64 -Ibase_64 -o main
./main

正常數據的encode和decode輸出效果:code

包含異常數據的decode輸出效果:orm

在改造昨天的php代碼過程當中,還參考php源碼base64.c中相關邏輯的實現。blog

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