你們在Android項目中或多或少的都會使用數據庫,爲了提升咱們的開發效率,固然少不了數據庫ORM框架了,尤爲是某些數據庫操做特別頻繁的app;本篇博客將詳細介紹ORMLite的簡易用法。java
下面開始介紹ORMLite的入門用法~android
首先去ORMLite官網下載jar包,對於Android爲:ormlite-android-4.48.jar 和 ormlite-core-4.48.jar ;sql
ps:訪問不了的朋友,文章末尾會把jar、源碼、doc與本篇博客例子一塊兒打包提供給你們下載。數據庫
有了jar,咱們直接新建一個項目爲:zhy_ormlite,而後把jar拷貝到libs下。app
而後新建一個包:com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean專門用於存放項目中的Bean,首先新建一個User.java框架
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package com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean; 測試
import com.j256.ormlite.field.DatabaseField; this
import com.j256.ormlite.table.DatabaseTable; spa
@DatabaseTable(tableName = "tb_user")
public class User
{
@DatabaseField(generatedId = true)
private int id;
@DatabaseField(columnName = "name")
private String name;
@DatabaseField(columnName = "desc")
private String desc;
public User()
{
}
public User(String name, String desc)
{
this.name = name;
this.desc = desc;
}
public int getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(int id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public String getDesc()
{
return desc;
}
public void setDesc(String desc)
{
this.desc = desc;
}
}
首先在User類上添加@DatabaseTable(tableName = "tb_user"),標明這是數據庫中的一張表,標明爲tb_user
而後分別在屬性上添加@DatabaseField(columnName = "name") ,columnName的值爲該字段在數據中的列名
@DatabaseField(generatedId = true) ,generatedId 表示id爲主鍵且自動生成
原生的數據庫操做,須要繼承SQLiteOpenHelper,這裏咱們須要繼承OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper,看代碼:
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package com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.db;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import com.j256.ormlite.android.apptools.OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper;
import com.j256.ormlite.dao.Dao;
import com.j256.ormlite.support.ConnectionSource;
import com.j256.ormlite.table.TableUtils;
import com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean.User;
public class DatabaseHelper extends OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper
{
private static final String TABLE_NAME = "sqlite-test.db";
/**
* userDao ,每張表對於一個
*/
private Dao<User, Integer> userDao;
private DatabaseHelper(Context context)
{
super(context, TABLE_NAME, null, 2);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase database,
ConnectionSource connectionSource)
{
try
{
TableUtils.createTable(connectionSource, User.class);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase database,
ConnectionSource connectionSource, int oldVersion, int newVersion)
{
try
{
TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, User.class, true);
onCreate(database, connectionSource);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static DatabaseHelper instance;
/**
* 單例獲取該Helper
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static synchronized DatabaseHelper getHelper(Context context)
{
if (instance == null)
{
synchronized (DatabaseHelper.class)
{
if (instance == null)
instance = new DatabaseHelper(context);
}
}
return instance;
}
/**
* 得到userDao
*
* @return
* @throws SQLException
*/
public Dao<User, Integer> getUserDao() throws SQLException
{
if (userDao == null)
{
userDao = getDao(User.class);
}
return userDao;
}
/**
* 釋放資源
*/
@Override
public void close()
{
super.close();
userDao = null;
}
}
這裏咱們須要繼承OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper,其實就是間接繼承了SQLiteOpenHelper
而後須要實現兩個方法:
一、onCreate(SQLiteDatabase database,ConnectionSource connectionSource)
建立表,咱們直接使用ormlite提供的TableUtils.createTable(connectionSource, User.class);進行建立~
二、onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase database, ConnectionSource connectionSource, int oldVersion, int newVersion)
更新表,使用ormlite提供的TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, User.class, true);進行刪除操做~
刪除完成後,別忘了,建立操做:onCreate(database, connectionSource);
而後使用單例公佈出一個建立實例的方法,getHelper用於獲取咱們的help實例;
最後咱們可能會有不少表嘛,每一個表通常咱們都會單獨寫個Dao用於操做,這裏爲了簡單我並無抽取出來,直接寫在helper中:
好比UserDao的獲取:
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/**
* 得到userDao
*
* @return
* @throws SQLException
*/
public Dao<User, Integer> getUserDao() throws SQLException
{
if (userDao == null)
{
userDao = getDao(User.class);
}
return userDao;
}
而後經過獲取到的Dao就能夠進行User的一些經常使用的操做了。
最後是測試,咱們直接建立了一個測試類進行測試~~~
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package com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.test;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean.User;
import com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.db.DatabaseHelper;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
import android.util.Log;
public class OrmLiteDbTest extends AndroidTestCase
{
public void testAddUser()
{
User u1 = new User("zhy", "2B青年");
DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(getContext());
try
{
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy2", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy3", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy4", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy5", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
u1 = new User("zhy6", "2B青年");
helper.getUserDao().create(u1);
testList();
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void testDeleteUser()
{
DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(getContext());
try
{
helper.getUserDao().deleteById(2);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void testUpdateUser()
{
DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(getContext());
try
{
User u1 = new User("zhy-android", "2B青年");
u1.setId(3);
helper.getUserDao().update(u1);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void testList()
{
DatabaseHelper helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(getContext());
try
{
User u1 = new User("zhy-android", "2B青年");
u1.setId(2);
List<User> users = helper.getUserDao().queryForAll();
Log.e("TAG", users.toString());
} catch (SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
簡單測試了下CURD,使用AndroidTestCase記得配置下環境~~~
用起來是否是仍是很是方便的,不過仍是建議你們例如User的數據庫操做,單獨抽取出來爲UserDao,以下:
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package com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.db;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import android.content.Context;
import com.zhy.zhy_ormlite.bean.User;
public class UserDao
{
private Context context;
public UserDao(Context context)
{
this.context = context;
}
public void add(User user)
{
try
{
DatabaseHelper.getHelper(context).getUserDao().create(user);
} catch (SQLException e)
{
}
}//......
}
注:ORMLite還提供了一些基類ORMLiteBaseActivity,ORMLiteBaseService之類的,便於數據庫操做的,這裏不作考慮,畢竟項目中很大可能本身也須要繼承本身的BaseActvity之類的。
上面簡單介紹瞭如何使用ORMLite框架,Android 快速開發系列 ORMLite 框架的使用 將對其用法進行深刻的介紹。