pssh全稱是parallel-ssh,基於Python編寫的併發在多臺服務器上批量執行命令的工具,它支持文件並行複製、遠程並行執行命令、殺掉遠程主機上的進程等;該工具能夠視做ansible的簡化版本,不須要安裝任何客戶端程序,只須要一臺控制主機,並保證控制主機與被管理主機之間創建單向互信便可;因爲pssh基於python實現的,因此在安裝以前務必保證安裝好python2.6以上。python
pssh工具包主要用法有5個:nginx
參數以下:服務器
經常使用選項:-H 、-h 、-i併發
–version:查看版本
-h:主機文件列表,內容格式」[user@]host[:port]」
-H:主機字符串,內容格式」[user@]host[:port]」
-l:登陸使用的用戶名
-p:併發的線程數【可選】
-o:輸出的文件目錄【可選】
-e:錯誤輸入文件【可選】
-t:TIMEOUT 超時時間設置,0無限制【可選】
-O:SSH的選項
-v:詳細模式
-A:提示手動輸入密碼模式
-x:額外的命令行參數使用空白符號,引號,反斜線處理
-X:額外的命令行參數,單個參數模式,同-x
-i:每一個服務器內部處理信息輸出
-P:打印出服務器返回信息app
一、安裝ssh
先安裝ez_setup.py,ez_setup.py是python官方給出的一個安裝setuptools的工具,利用它,咱們能夠很輕鬆用命令行就自動完成安裝過程。工具
[root@nfs-server test]# wget http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py --2019-08-03 00:02:41-- http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py 正在解析主機 peak.telecommunity.com... 209.190.5.234 正在鏈接 peak.telecommunity.com|209.190.5.234|:80... 已鏈接。 已發出 HTTP 請求,正在等待迴應... 200 OK 長度:10240 (10K) [text/plain] 正在保存至: 「ez_setup.py」 100%[========================================================================>] 10,240 2.73K/s eta(英國中部時 100%[========================================================================>] 10,240 2.73K/s in 3.7s 2019-08-03 00:02:48 (2.73 KB/s) - 已保存 「ez_setup.py」 [10240/10240]) [root@nfs-server test]# wget http://files.opstool.com/files/pssh-2.3.tar.gz --2019-08-03 00:04:03-- http://files.opstool.com/files/pssh-2.3.tar.gz 正在解析主機 files.opstool.com... 121.41.227.112 正在鏈接 files.opstool.com|121.41.227.112|:80... 已鏈接。 已發出 HTTP 請求,正在等待迴應... 200 OK 長度:22135 (22K) [application/octet-stream] 正在保存至: 「pssh-2.3.tar.gz」 100%[========================================================================>] 22,135 --.-K/s in 0.05s 2019-08-03 00:04:05 (471 KB/s) - 已保存 「pssh-2.3.tar.gz」 [22135/22135])
二、解壓安裝包並安裝:測試
[root@nfs-server test]# ll 總用量 52 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10240 1月 21 2011 ez_setup.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22135 6月 20 2014 pssh-2.3.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 44 8月 2 23:50 pssh.txt [root@nfs-server test]# tar xf pssh-2.3.tar.gz [root@nfs-server test]# cd pssh-2.3 [root@nfs-server pssh-2.3]# python setup.py build running build running build_py running build_scripts [root@nfs-server pssh-2.3]# python setup.py install running install running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib creating build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/__init__.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/cli.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/manager.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/color.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/psshutil.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/askpass_server.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/task.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/askpass_client.py -> build/lib/psshlib copying psshlib/version.py -> build/lib/psshlib running build_scripts creating build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pssh -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pnuke -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/prsync -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pslurp -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pscp -> build/scripts-2.6 copying and adjusting bin/pssh-askpass -> build/scripts-2.6 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pssh from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pnuke from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/prsync from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pslurp from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pscp from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/pssh-askpass from 644 to 755 running install_lib creating /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/__init__.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/cli.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/manager.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/color.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/psshutil.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/askpass_server.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/task.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/askpass_client.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib copying build/lib/psshlib/version.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/__init__.py to __init__.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/cli.py to cli.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/manager.py to manager.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/color.py to color.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/psshutil.py to psshutil.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/askpass_server.py to askpass_server.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/task.py to task.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/askpass_client.py to askpass_client.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/psshlib/version.py to version.pyc running install_scripts copying build/scripts-2.6/pslurp -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pnuke -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pscp -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/prsync -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pssh-askpass -> /usr/bin copying build/scripts-2.6/pssh -> /usr/bin changing mode of /usr/bin/pslurp to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pnuke to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pscp to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/prsync to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pssh-askpass to 755 changing mode of /usr/bin/pssh to 755 running install_data creating /usr/man creating /usr/man/man1 copying man/man1/pssh.1 -> /usr/man/man1 running install_egg_info Writing /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pssh-2.3-py2.6.egg-info [root@nfs-server pssh-2.3]# echo $? 0 [root@nfs-server pssh-2.3]# pssh --version 2.3
測試:ui
①pssh 多主機並行執行命令spa
獲取每臺機器上的時間,先在管理機上新建ip.txt
[root@nfs-server test]# cat pssh.txt root@192.168.0.117:22 root@192.168.0.124:22 [root@nfs-server test]# pssh -p 2 -i -h /root/test/ip.txt "date" [1] 00:40:21 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.124:22 2019年 08月 03日 星期六 00:40:12 CST [2] 00:40:21 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.117:22 2019年 08月 03日 星期六 00:40:20 CST
②pscp 把文件並行複製到多個機器上:
將本地的/root/kaishi.sh文件複製到目標服務器的/tmp/目錄下
[root@nfs-server test]# pscp -h /root/test/pssh.txt /root/kaishi.sh /tmp/ [1] 07:00:28 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.124:22 [2] 07:00:28 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.117:22 [root@nfs-server test]# pssh -p 2 -i -h /root/test/pssh.txt "ls /tmp/kaishi.sh" [1] 07:02:23 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.124:22 /tmp/kaishi.sh [2] 07:02:23 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.117:22 /tmp/kaishi.sh
③prsync 使用rsync協議從本地計算機同步到遠程主機
將本地的/etc/sysconfig目錄遞歸同步到目標服務器的 /tmp/目錄下,並保持原來的時間戳,使用用戶 root
[root@nfs-server test]# prsync -h /root/test/pssh.txt -l -a -r /etc/sysconfig /tmp/test/ [1] 07:21:57 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.124:22 [2] 07:21:57 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.117:22 [root@nfs-server test]# pssh -p 2 -i -h /root/test/pssh.txt "ls /tmp/test/" [1] 07:22:33 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.117:22 sysconfig [2] 07:22:33 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.124:22 sysconfig
④pslurp 將文件從遠程主機複製到本地
將目標服務器的/tmp/*.log格式的文件複製到本地的/tmp目錄下,並改名爲test1.log格式,在/tmp/目錄下便可看見以遠端IP地址命名爲目錄,目錄中存放複製過來的文件。
[root@nfs-server test]# pslurp -p 2 -h /root/test/pssh.txt -L /tmp -l root /tmp/*.log test1.log [1] 07:36:06 [SUCCESS] 192.168.0.124:22 [2] 07:36:06 [SUCCESS] 192.168.0.117:22 [root@nfs-server test]# ll /tmp/ 總用量 16 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 3 07:36 192.168.0.117 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 3 07:36 192.168.0.124 drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 7月 30 22:00 sysconfig drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 8月 3 07:16 test [root@nfs-server test]# cat /tmp/192.168.0.117/test1.log 117 [root@nfs-server test]# cat /tmp/192.168.0.124/test1.log 124
⑤pnuke 並行在遠程主機殺進程:
將遠端服務器nginx進程殺死
[root@nfs-server test]# pssh -p 2 -i -h /root/test/pssh.txt "lsof -i:80" #查看遠端nginx狀態 [1] 07:44:16 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.117:22 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME nginx 2739 root 7u IPv4 17042 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 2740 nginx 7u IPv4 17042 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) [2] 07:44:16 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.124:22 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME nginx 2665 root 6u IPv4 16143 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 2666 nginx 6u IPv4 16143 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) [root@nfs-server test]# pnuke -p 2 -h /root/test/pssh.txt nginx #殺死遠端nginx進程 [1] 07:44:36 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.117:22 [2] 07:44:36 [SUCCESS] root@192.168.0.124:22 [root@nfs-server test]# pssh -p 2 -i -h /root/test/pssh.txt "lsof -i:80" [1] 07:44:42 [FAILURE] root@192.168.0.124:22 Exited with error code 1 [2] 07:44:42 [FAILURE] root@192.168.0.117:22 Exited with error code 1
其實集羣管理的工具備不少,例如saltstack,puppet,func等,當機器數量比較多的時候,就須要考慮合適的工具來管理的,這樣工做效率就會大大提升,事半功倍。