lua unit test introduction

時間 2020-07-07

標籤 lua unit test introduction 欄目 Lua 简体版

原文原文鏈接

Unit Test

Unit testing is about testing your code during development, not in production. Typically you start by preparing the testing environment, writing some code that calls production code and check expected results with actual results.css

http://lua-users.org/wiki/UnitTestinghtml

單元測試是在開發過程當中測試你的代碼，不是放在產品中測試。git

典型步驟：github

1 開始準備測試環境api

2 寫一些代碼調用產品功能代碼框架

3 檢驗指望的結果和實際結果是否相符dom

各種測試框架

Lua has several frameworks to do that:ide

[lunit]

Fork with Lua 5.2 support: [lunitx]

[Lunity] (similar to lunit, but can only run a single file and doesn't distinguish between errors and test assertions)

[lunatest] (upwardly compatible from lunit, but no dependencies, and also supports randomized testing)

[LuaUnit] (supports Lua 5.1 and 5.2, no dependencies, see below)

[Shake] - source preprocessing using basic assert-like syntax (see below)

[build-test-deploy (BTD)] - Unit testing inspired by jUnit and originally based on LuaUnit

[luaspec][1] - Behavior Driven Development (BDD) test framework

[PenLight pl.test] - PenLightLibraries? has a very small unit testing library, mostly for internal testing. See the Penlight tests [here]

[telescope] - A highly customizable test library for Lua that allows for declarative tests with nested contexts. Uses BDD-style spec names.

[lua-TestMore] - port of the Perl5 module Test::More (Test Anything Protocol).

[busted] - Behavior Driven Development (BDD) unit testing library, with various outputs formats including TAP and focus on elegance.

[gambiarra] - Ultimately minimal unit testing library for Lua 5.1 and Lua 5.2.

[Testy] - Lua script for minimal unit testing on Lua 5.1/5.2/5.3 that collects test functions from local variables.

They have mostly the same feature set, which is:函數

a special set of assert functions
facilities to group tests into test suites
facilities to detect where test fails

測試框架大都有相同的特性集合:單元測試

1 assert函數的特殊集合

2 將測試分組爲若干測試套件

3 檢測測試失敗的代碼點

框架比較

http://lua-users.org/wiki/UnitTesting

名稱	地址	最近發佈時間	是否支持group	測試用例寫法	支持lua版本
LuaUnit	https://github.com/bluebird75/luaunit	Version 3.2 - 12. Jul 2016	是	OOP & 函數	Lua 5.1, LuaJIT 2.0, LuaJIT 2.1 beta, Lua 5.2 and Lua 5.3
`lunit`	https://www.mroth.net/lunit/	5. November 2009: Lunit Version 0.5 released.	否	函數	Lua 5.1
busted	http://olivinelabs.com/busted/#spies-mocks-stubs	v2.0.rc11-0 28 Oct 2015		BDD	lua >= 5.1, moonscript, terra, and LuaJIT >= 2.0.0.
lunatest	https://github.com/silentbicycle/lunatest	v0.9.5 3 Apr 2014	是（同時支持分文件管理）	OOP & 函數	Upgrade to Lua 5.2, but keep compatible with Lua 5.1
luaspec	https://github.com/mirven/luaspec			BDD
Lunity	https://github.com/Phrogz/Lunity	v0.10 15 Feb 2014	否	函數	Lua 5.1

從表中看出， luaUnit 最活躍，支持lua版本最多，測試用例的寫法最靈活。

lunatest其中測試用例能夠拆分爲子文件的方法，對龐大測試用例維護有好處。

BDD（行爲驅動開發）領域 BUSTED最爲成熟，和活躍，文檔最完善。

luaUnit 測試DEMO

文檔：

http://luaunit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ 含有接口介紹

https://github.com/bluebird75/luaunit

說明：

一、 setup 和 teardown在沒個測試函數以前和以後都會執行。

二、以test爲開頭的函數都會被執行。

#!/usr/bin/env lua


local lu = require('luaunit')

TestToto = {} --class

    function TestToto:setUp()
        -- set up tests
        self.a = 1
        self.s = 'hop' 
        self.t1 = {1,2,3}
        self.t2 = {one=1,two=2,three=3}
        self.t3 = {1,2,three=3}
    end

    function TestToto:test1_withFailure()
        -- print( "some stuff test 1" )
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 1 )
        -- will fail
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 2 )
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 2 )
    end

    function TestToto:test2_withFailure()
        -- print( "some stuff test 2" )
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 1 )
        lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'hop' )
        -- will fail
        lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'bof' )
        lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'bof' )
    end

    function TestToto:test3()
        -- print( "some stuff test 3" )
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 1 )
        lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'hop' )
        lu.assertEquals( type(self.a), 'number' )
    end

    function TestToto:test4()
        -- print( "some stuff test 4" )
        lu.assertNotEquals( self.a , 1 )
    end

    function TestToto:test5()
        -- print( "some stuff test 5" )
        lu.assertTrue( self.a )
        lu.assertFalse( self.a )
    end

    function TestToto:test6()
        -- print( "some stuff test 6" )
        lu.assertTrue( false )
    end

    function TestToto:test7()
        -- assertEquals( {1,2}, self.t1 )
        -- assertEquals( {1,2}, self.t2 )
        lu.assertEquals( {1,2}, self.t3 )
    end

    function TestToto:test8a()
        -- failure occurs in a submethod
        self:funcWithError()
    end

    function TestToto:test8b()
        -- failure occurs in a submethod
        self:funcWithFuncWithError()
    end

    function TestToto:funcWithFuncWithError()
        self:funcWithError()
    end

    function TestToto:funcWithError()
        error('Bouhouhoum error!')
    end


-- class TestToto

TestTiti = {} --class
    function TestTiti:setUp()
        -- set up tests
        self.a = 1
        self.s = 'hop' 
        -- print( 'TestTiti:setUp' )
    end

    function TestTiti:tearDown()
        -- some tearDown() code if necessary
        -- print( 'TestTiti:tearDown' )
    end

    function TestTiti:test1_withFailure()
        -- print( "some stuff test 1" )
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 1 )
        -- will fail
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 2 )
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 2 )
    end

    function TestTiti:test2_withFailure()
        -- print( "some stuff test 2" )
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 1 )
        lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'hop' )
        -- will fail
        lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'bof' )
        lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'bof' )
    end

    function TestTiti:test3()
        -- print( "some stuff test 3" )
        lu.assertEquals( self.a , 1 )
        lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'hop' )
    end
-- class TestTiti

-- simple test functions that were written previously can be integrated
-- in luaunit too
function test1_withFailure()
    assert( 1 == 1)
    -- will fail
    assert( 1 == 2)
end

function test2_withFailure()
    assert( 'a' == 'a')
    -- will fail
    assert( 'a' == 'b')
end

function test3()
    assert( 1 == 1)
    assert( 'a' == 'a')
end

local runner = lu.LuaUnit.new()
runner:setOutputType("tap")
os.exit( runner:runSuite() )

LOG:

1..15# Started on 09/15/16 20:53:03# Starting class: TestTitinot ok 1 TestTiti.test1_withFailure example_with_luaunit.lua:101: expected: 2, actual: 1not ok 2 TestTiti.test2_withFailure example_with_luaunit.lua:110: expected: "bof" actual: "hop"ok 3 TestTiti.test3# Starting class: TestTotonot ok 4 TestToto.test1_withFailure example_with_luaunit.lua:21: expected: 2, actual: 1not ok 5 TestToto.test2_withFailure example_with_luaunit.lua:30: expected: "bof" actual: "hop"ok 6 TestToto.test3not ok 7 TestToto.test4 example_with_luaunit.lua:43: Received the not expected value: 1not ok 8 TestToto.test5 example_with_luaunit.lua:49: expected: false, actual: 1not ok 9 TestToto.test6 example_with_luaunit.lua:54: expected: true, actual: falsenot ok 10 TestToto.test7 example_with_luaunit.lua:60: expected: {1, 2, three=3} actual: {1, 2}not ok 11 TestToto.test8a example_with_luaunit.lua:78: Bouhouhoum error!not ok 12 TestToto.test8b example_with_luaunit.lua:78: Bouhouhoum error!not ok 13 test1_withFailure example_with_luaunit.lua:126: assertion failed!not ok 14 test2_withFailure example_with_luaunit.lua:132: assertion failed!ok 15 test3# Ran 15 tests in 0.004 seconds, 3 successes, 8 failures, 4 errors