java使用zxing生成/解析二維碼工具類

1.前言

此工具類做爲java項目使用google開源項目zxing生成和解析二維碼.代碼已添加註釋.至於二維碼的原理以及zxing的Api請自行百度.

2.代碼實現

    使用zxing須要先導入jar包,這裏使用maven依賴.

<dependency>
		    <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
		    <artifactId>core</artifactId>
		    <version>3.3.0</version>
	</dependency>

package com.dmeo.utils;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

/**
 * 
 *@description:使用谷歌開源項目zxing生成和解析二維碼
 *2018年4月11日 下午2:29:41
 */
public class QRCodeUtil{
	
    private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";
    private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG";
    // 二維碼尺寸
    private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300;
    // LOGO寬度
    private static final int WIDTH = 60;
    // LOGO高度
    private static final int HEIGHT = 60;
    
    /*********************二維碼的生成方法以及重載*********************/
    
    /**
     * 生成二維碼(內嵌LOGO)
     * 
     * @param content
     *            內容
     * @param imgPath
     *            LOGO地址
     * @param destPath
     *            存放目錄
     * @param needCompress
     *            是否壓縮LOGO
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath,
            boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = createImage(content, imgPath,
                needCompress);
        mkdirs(destPath);
        String file = new Random().nextInt(99999999)+".jpg";
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file));
        return file;
    }
    /**
     * 生成二維碼(內嵌LOGO)
     * 
     * @param content
     *            內容
     * @param imgPath
     *            LOGO地址
     * @param destPath
     *            存儲地址
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath)
            throws Exception {
        String fileName = encode(content, imgPath, destPath, true);
        return fileName;
    }
    /**
     * 生成二維碼(不包含LOGO)
     * 
     * @param content
     *            內容
     * @param destPath
     *            存儲地址
     * @param needCompress
     *            是否壓縮
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, String destPath,
            boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        encode(content, null, destPath, needCompress);
    }
 
    /**
     * 生成二維碼(不包含LOGO,且不壓縮圖片)
     * 
     * @param content
     *            內容
     * @param destPath
     *            存儲地址
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception {
        encode(content, null, destPath, false);
    }
 
    /**
     * 生成二維碼(內嵌LOGO)
     * 
     * @param content
     *            內容
     * @param imgPath
     *            LOGO地址
     * @param output
     *            輸出流
     * @param needCompress
     *            是否壓縮LOGO
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath,
            OutputStream output, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = createImage(content, imgPath,
                needCompress);
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output);
    }
 
    /**
     * 生成二維碼
     * 
     * @param content
     *            內容
     * @param output
     *            輸出流
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output)
            throws Exception {
        encode(content, null, output, false);
    }
    
    /*********************二維碼的解析方法以及重載*********************/
    /**
     * 解析二維碼
     * 
     * @param file
     *            二維碼圖片
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String decode(File file) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image;
        image = ImageIO.read(file);
        if (image == null) {
            return null;
        }
        BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
        BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
        Result result;
        Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object>();  
        hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
        String resultStr = result.getText();
        return resultStr;
    }
 
    /**
     * 解析二維碼
     * 
     * @param path
     * 二維碼圖片地址
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {
        return decode(new File(path));
    }
    
    
    
    /************************在使用ecode方法建立二維碼時調用的靜態方法**********************/
    
    private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String imgPath,
            boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
    	Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();  
//    	設置QR二維碼的糾錯級別（H爲最高級別）具體級別信息
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
//        內容所使用編碼
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
//      設置圖片的邊距
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
//      生成矩陣
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content,
                BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE, hints);
        int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();
        int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
                image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000
                        : 0xFFFFFFFF);
            }
        }
        if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) {
            return image;
        }
//         插入圖片LOGO
        insertImage(image, imgPath, needCompress);
        return image;
    }
    /**
     * 插入LOG圖片到已經生成的二維碼中
     * 
     * @param source
     *            二維碼圖片
     * @param imgPath
     *            LOGO圖片地址
     * @param needCompress
     *            是否壓縮
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String imgPath,
            boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(imgPath);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            System.err.println(""+imgPath+"   該文件不存在！");
            return;
        }
        Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));
        int width = src.getWidth(null);
        int height = src.getHeight(null);
        if (needCompress) { // 壓縮LOGO
            if (width > WIDTH) {
                width = WIDTH;
            }
            if (height > HEIGHT) {
                height = HEIGHT;
            }
            Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height,
                    Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
            BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                    BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
            g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 繪製縮小後的圖
            g.dispose();
            src = image;
        }
        // 插入LOGO
        Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();
        int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;
        int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;
        graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);
        Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);
        graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));
        graph.draw(shape);
        graph.dispose();
    }

    /**
     * @param destPath 存放目錄
     */
	public static void mkdirs(String destPath) {
		File file = new File(destPath);
		// 當文件夾不存在時，mkdirs會自動建立多層目錄，區別於mkdir．(mkdir若是父目錄不存在則會拋出異常)
		if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {
			file.mkdirs();
		}
	}

}

其中,在解析二維碼圖片是須要用到java.awt.Graphics2D來解析圖形圖像.

package com.dmeo.utils;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;




/**
 * 
 * @description:該類主要爲調用java.awt.Graphics2D中的類來解析圖形圖像
 *
 */
public class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource{
	private final BufferedImage image;
    private final int left;
    private final int top;

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) {
        this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
    }

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left, int top,
            int width, int height) {
        super(width, height);

        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
        if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.");
        }

        for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) {
            for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) {
                if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) {
                    image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white
                }
            }
        }

        this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
        this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
        this.left = left;
        this.top = top;
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) {
        if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Requested row is outside the image: " + y);
        }
        int width = getWidth();
        if (row == null || row.length < width) {
            row = new byte[width];
        }
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);
        return row;
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getMatrix() {
        int width = getWidth();
        int height = getHeight();
        int area = width * height;
        byte[] matrix = new byte[area];
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);
        return matrix;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCropSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) {
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left,
                this.top + top, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isRotateSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() {

        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();

        AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0,
                0.0, sourceWidth);

        BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight,
                sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);

        Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();
        g.drawImage(image, transform, null);
        g.dispose();

        int width = getWidth();
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top, sourceWidth
                - (left + width), getHeight(), width);
    }

}

3.結束語.

此工具類只是做爲參考和學習網上其餘大神的代碼,並在此基礎上本身手敲學習.只是做爲學習的項目不作商業用途,若有侵權或是對原做者形成損失,請聯繫刪除謝謝.