Cookie概念:Cookie服務器發送給瀏覽器的一小段文本信息java
Java後臺獲取Cookie正常操做:web
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies(); if(cookies != null && cookies.length > 0){ for (Cookie cookie : cookies){ return cookie.getName() + " " + cookie.getValue(); } }
可是,只能獲取本身域裏的cookie,即localhost域下的Cookie,沒法獲取其餘域裏的Cookie。chrome
獲取其餘域裏的Cookie:apache
1.經過瀏覽器開發者模式查看相應域裏的Cookie,經過Cookie獲取值;瀏覽器
2.經過HttpClient向服務器發送登陸請求,獲取相應結果裏的Set-Cookie,下次向服務器發送請求時帶上Cookie;服務器
3.經過WebMagic框架selenium模擬瀏覽器實現登錄cookie
方法二案例:app
import java.io.IOException; import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.List; import org.apache.http.Consts; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore; import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs; import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext; import org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie; import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; /** * @auther mxh * @time 2019/5/20 13:48 */ public class ZhiHuTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws java.text.ParseException { String name = "******@qq.com"; // String password = "******"; // // 全局請求設置 RequestConfig globalConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.STANDARD).build(); // 建立cookie store的本地實例 CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); // 建立HttpClient上下文 HttpClientContext context = HttpClientContext.create(); context.setCookieStore(cookieStore); // 建立一個HttpClient CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(globalConfig) .setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build(); CloseableHttpResponse res = null; // 建立本地的HTTP內容 try { try { // 建立一個get請求用來獲取必要的Cookie,如_xsrf信息 HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.zhihu.com/"); res = httpClient.execute(get, context); // 獲取經常使用Cookie,包括_xsrf信息 System.out.println("訪問知乎首頁後的獲取的常規Cookie:==============="); for (Cookie c : cookieStore.getCookies()) { System.out.println(c.getName() + ": " + c.getValue()); } res.close(); // 構造post數據 List<NameValuePair> valuePairs = new LinkedList<NameValuePair>(); valuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("email", name)); valuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password)); valuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("remember_me", "true")); UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(valuePairs, Consts.UTF_8); entity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); // 建立一個post請求 HttpPost post = new HttpPost("https://www.zhihu.com/login/email"); // 注入post數據 post.setEntity(entity); res = httpClient.execute(post, context); // 打印響應信息,查看是否登錄是否成功 System.out.println("打印響應信息==========="); System.out.println(res.toString()); res.close(); System.out.println("登錄成功後,新的Cookie:==============="); for (Cookie c : context.getCookieStore().getCookies()) { System.out.println(c.getName() + ": " + c.getValue()); } // 構造一個新的get請求,用來測試登陸是否成功 HttpGet newGet = new HttpGet("https://www.zhihu.com/question/293207596/answer/684673400"); res = httpClient.execute(newGet, context); String content = EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity()); System.out.println("登錄成功後訪問的頁面==============="); System.out.println(content); res.close(); } finally { httpClient.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
上述代碼,只要網站登錄登陸過程不是太繁瑣,如須要驗證則不太實用框架
方案三實現代碼:post
// 自動登錄方法 public void login() { //註冊chrome System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\chromedriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); driver.get("http://login.jiayuan.com/?refrer=http://www.jiayuan.com&host=0");// 打開網址 // 防止頁面未能及時加載出來而設置一段時間延遲 try { Thread.sleep(2000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } // 設置用戶名密碼 driver.findElement(By.id("login_email")).sendKeys("15735400536"); // 用戶名 driver.findElement(By.id("login_password")).sendKeys("mxh970923"); // 密碼 // 模擬點擊 //form[@id='form-group-login']/button driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"login_btn\"]")) .click(); // xpath語言:id爲form-group-login的form下的button // 防止頁面未能及時加載出來而設置一段時間延遲 try { Thread.sleep(15000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } // 獲取cookie信息 cookies = driver.manage().getCookies(); driver.close(); }