以前在度娘搜索資料,無心間看到一些我的站點的博客都用了https協議,在瀏覽器地址欄中被標記爲綠色的「安全」,前些天特意給本身負責的小項目升級成https協議,其優勢這裏再也不贅述,小夥伴們能夠自行百度,今天把整合部署分享在這裏,但願小夥伴們少走彎路~html
效果以下:java
軟件版本以下:nginx
System | Centos 6.5 |
Nginx | Tengine/2.1.2 (nginx/1.6.2) |
SSL證書 | Let's Encrypt 免費SSL證書 |
Tomcat | Apache-tomcat-8.0.47 |
CDN | Cloudflare.com |
1、生成SSL證書git
首先咱們建立一個用來存放letsencrypt生成證書項目的路徑並進入:github
cd /usr/local/letsencrypt複製代碼
接下來咱們克隆letsencrypt項目:web
git clone https://github.com/letsencrypt/letsencrypt複製代碼
開始生成SSL證書:算法
./letsencrypt-auto certonly --standalone --email test@qq.com -d www.test1.com -d www.test2.com --agree-tos複製代碼
這裏必定注意:chrome
(1). 域名綁定在國內DNS服務器沒法生成,須要先將DNS服務器切換到DNS服務商,例如ClouldFlare、Godaddy、Dnsever後才能正常生成!
(2). web服務須要處於關閉狀態,注意關閉nginx和80端口的佔用!(不間斷服務方式生成能夠自行百度)
(3). -d 表明domain 能夠同時生成多個域名對應證書,生成後咱們能夠在默認目錄中看到:apache
/etc/letsencrypt/live/www.test.com/
cert.pem(用戶證書)
chain.pem(中間證書)
fullchain.pem(證書鏈)
privkey.pem(證書私鑰)複製代碼
最後咱們生成Perfect Forward Security(PFS)鍵值,具體做用能夠自行百度:瀏覽器
mkdir /etc/ssl/private/ -p
cd /etc/ssl/private/
openssl dhparam 2048 -out dhparam.pem複製代碼
2、Nginx配置SSL證書及Tomcat代理
#Tomcat 8080端口
upstream tomcat_8080{
server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=1;
}
#將全部http協議內容重定向到https協議
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent;
}
#https協議
server {
listen 443;
server_name www.test.com;
# letsencrypt生成的文件
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.test.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.test.com/privkey.pem;
ssl_session_timeout 1d;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
ssl_session_tickets on;
ssl_dhparam /etc/ssl/private/dhparam.pem;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
# 通常推薦使用的ssl_ciphers值: https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Server_Side_TLS
ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128:AES256:AES:DES-CBC3-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK';
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# 代理tomcat
location / {
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Cookie $http_cookie;
proxy_pass http://tomcat_8080;
#proxy_redirect default;
}
access_log /home/wwwlogs/www.test.com_access.log;
error_log /home/wwwlogs/www.test.com_error.log;
}
複製代碼
3、Tomcat的SSL配置:
1. Connector節點將redirectPort="8443"修改成 redirectPort="443" proxyPort="443"最終爲:
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="443" proxyPort="443" />複製代碼
2. 找到Engine節點,在最後一個Host標籤後加入:
<Host name="www.test.com" debug="0" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteIpValve"
remoteIpHeader="x-forwarded-for"
remoteIpProxiesHeader="x-forwarded-by"
protocolHeader="x-forwarded-proto"/>
<Context docBase="/www/java/projectName" path="" crossContext="true" debug="3" privileged="true" reloadable="false" deubt="true" />
</Host>複製代碼
4、CloudFlare CDN設置(這裏很重要):
咱們將域名解析到本身服務器後,點擊Crypto選項卡,將SSL狀態修改成Full(strict)模式,在這種模式下會使用你服務器中的ssl證書,不然會致使頁面無限301跳轉,致使chrome提示重定向次數過多,請求失敗!
5、參考文獻:
1. Nginx+SSL整合 http://blog.csdn.net/sheng119/article/details/72956717
2. Tomcat+SSL整合 https://www.cnblogs.com/zhanghaoh/p/5293158.html
3. 解決CloudFlare CDN無限301重定向問題 答案在9樓 https://www.v2ex.com/t/188230#r_2026842
6、搜索引擎優化建議:
若是是外網項目,建議到百度站長平臺,全站HTTPS協議申請,HTTPS協議也在排名算法之一。
以上爲我的總結,但願對你們有所幫助,若是有不對的地方你們能夠指出,歡迎拍磚:)