一步一步寫一個簡單通用的makefile(四)--寫一個通用的makefile編譯android可執行文件

時間  2019-11-26
標籤 一步 一個 簡單 通用 makefile 編譯 android 可執行 文件 欄目 C&C++ 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

一般要把咱們本身的的代碼編譯成在android裏面編譯的可執行文件，咱們一般是建一個文件夾linux

.
├── Android.mk
├── Application.mk
├── convolve.cl
├── convolve_cl.cpp
├── convolve_cl.cpp~
├── inter_ocl
│   └── opencl
│       ├── CL
│       │   ├── cl_ext.h
│       │   ├── cl.h
│       │   ├── cl_platform.h
│       │   └── opencl.h
│       ├── clew.c
│       ├── clew.h
│       ├── ocl_wrapper.c
│       └── ocl_wrapper.h
└── mylog.h

相似這樣，裏面有android.mk 文件，而後進入到這個文件夾執行ndk-build,生成文件以下：android

[armeabi-v7a] Install        : convolve-ocl => libs/armeabi-v7a/convolve-ocl
[armeabi-v7a] Install        : libstlport_shared.so => libs/armeabi-v7a/libstlport_shared.so

可是今天咱們要修改上一章的模板makefile來編譯能夠在android中執行的可執行文件。shell

首先咱們仍是用以前的三個文件hellomake.c, hellofunc.c, hellofunc.h,文件樹以下：app

.
├── makefile
├── makefile1
└── src
    ├── hellofunc.c
    ├── hellofunc.h
    └── hellomake.c

由於要用到android的交叉編譯器，因此不能用gcc，另外尋找頭文件的系統路徑也不同，尋找庫的路徑也和linux本來的不一樣，因此 -I 和 -L的路徑也須要修改ide

修改以後的makefile以下：ui

#Hellomake
#Magnum， 2014-10-19
# 指令編譯器和選項
TOOLCHAINS_ROOT=$(NDK_HOME)/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/
TOOLCHAINS_PREFIX=$(TOOLCHAINS_ROOT)/bin/arm-linux-androideabi
TOOLCHAINS_INCLUDE=$(TOOLCHAINS_ROOT)/lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.8/include-fixedidea

PLATFORM_ROOT=$(NDK_HOME)/platforms/android-17/arch-arm
NDKINC=$(PLATFORM_ROOT)/usr/include
NDKLIB=$(PLATFORM_ROOT)/usr/libspa

CC=$(TOOLCHAINS_PREFIX)-gcc
CFLAGS=-Wall 
# 須要連接庫的庫名，好比libm.a，就是-lm,須要去掉前面的lib和後面的.a
LIBS=-lm 
# 設置默認搜索頭文件的路徑，優先是這個，而後是系統路徑
IncludeDir = -I./include/ -I$(NDKINC)
# 須要連接的庫的路徑
LinkDir = -L$(NDKINC)
OBJ_DIR = ./obj
BIN_DIR = ./bincode


#PROJECT_TOP_DIR設置成pwd 或者"./"都行
PROJECT_TOP_DIR=.#$(shell pwd)#$(shell cd ../; pwd)
PROJECT_BIN_DIR=$(PROJECT_TOP_DIR)/bin
PROJECT_SRC_DIR=$(PROJECT_TOP_DIR)/src
PROJECT_LIB_DIR=$(PROJECT_TOP_DIR)/lib
PROJECT_OBJ_DIR=$(PROJECT_TOP_DIR)/objs
MKDIR := mkdir -porm

# 目標文件
EXE_NAME=hellomake
TARGET=$(BIN_DIR)/$(EXE_NAME)

#源文件的文件類型
FILE_TYPE=c
src=$(wildcard $(PROJECT_SRC_DIR)/*.$(FILE_TYPE))
dir= $(notdir $(src))
PROJECT_OBJ= $(patsubst %.$(FILE_TYPE),%.o,$(dir) )
PROJECT_ALL_OBJS= $(addprefix $(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR)/, $(PROJECT_OBJ))

all: chdir $(TARGET)

$(TARGET): $(PROJECT_ALL_OBJS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LinkDir) $(LIBS)

chdir:
@if test ! -d $(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR) ; \
then \
mkdir $(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR) ; \
fi

@if test ! -d $(PROJECT_BIN_DIR) ; \
then \
mkdir $(PROJECT_BIN_DIR) ; \
fi

.PHONY : clean
clean:
-rm -rf $(PROJECT_BIN_DIR) $(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR)

$(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR)/%.o:$(PROJECT_SRC_DIR)/%.$(FILE_TYPE)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ -c $< $(IncludeDir)

執行make, 報錯：

/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64//bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -Wall  -o objs/hellofunc.o -c src/hellofunc.c -I./include/ -I/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-17/arch-arm/usr/include
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64//bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -Wall  -o objs/hellomake.o -c src/hellomake.c -I./include/ -I/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-17/arch-arm/usr/include
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64//bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -Wall  -o bin/hellomake objs/hellofunc.o objs/hellomake.o -L/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-17/arch-arm/usr/include -lm  
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.8/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: error: cannot open crtbegin_dynamic.o: No such file or directory
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.8/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: error: cannot open crtend_android.o: No such file or directory
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.8/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: error: cannot find -lm
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.8/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: error: cannot find -lc
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.8/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: error: cannot find -ldl
objs/hellofunc.o:hellofunc.c:function myPrintHelloMake: error: undefined reference to 'puts'
objs/hellomake.o:hellomake.c:function main: error: undefined reference to 'log'
objs/hellomake.o:hellomake.c:function main: error: undefined reference to 'printf'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [bin/hellomake] Error 1

進入到objs目錄，發現.o文件生成成功，因此問題應該是出如今連接的時候。

crtbegin_dynamic.o: No such file or directory  和
crtend_android.o: No such file or directory 錯誤，

須要修改：

CFLAGS=-Wall -nostdlib .  而後執行make，錯誤只剩下：

/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64//bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -Wall -nostdlib  -o bin/hellomake objs/hellofunc.o objs/hellomake.o -L/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-17/arch-arm/usr/include -lm  
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.8/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: error: cannot find -lm
objs/hellofunc.o:hellofunc.c:function myPrintHelloMake: error: undefined reference to 'puts'
objs/hellomake.o:hellomake.c:function main: error: undefined reference to 'log'
objs/hellomake.o:hellomake.c:function main: error: undefined reference to 'printf'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [bin/hellomake] Error 1

很差意思，這個是由於

LinkDir = -L$(NDKINC),  這裏複製後並無修改，應該是LinkDir = -L$(NDKLIB)，這個能夠解決而後

undefined reference to 'log'

執行make，仍是有一個錯誤：

/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64//bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -Wall -nostdlib  -o objs/hellofunc.o -c src/hellofunc.c -I./include/ -I/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-17/arch-arm/usr/include
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64//bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -Wall -nostdlib  -o objs/hellomake.o -c src/hellomake.c -I./include/ -I/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-17/arch-arm/usr/include
/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64//bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -Wall -nostdlib  -o bin/hellomake objs/hellofunc.o objs/hellomake.o -L/home/magnum/work-environment/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-17/arch-arm/usr/lib -lm -ldl  
objs/hellofunc.o:hellofunc.c:function myPrintHelloMake: error: undefined reference to 'puts'
objs/hellomake.o:hellomake.c:function main: error: undefined reference to 'printf'

修改LIBS=-lm  更改成：LIBS=-lm -lc  再次執行make, 編譯成功，

adb push ./bin/hellomake /data/local/tmp;

而後執行：

adb shell  /data/local/tmp/hellomake, 奇怪沒有任何輸出，須要修改：

PROJECT_ALL_OBJS+=$(NDKLIB)/crtbegin_dynamic.o
PROJECT_ALL_OBJS+=$(NDKLIB)/crtend_android.o

而後重新編譯，push,執行獲得：

Hello makefiles!
Value:2.708050

 好啦，完成

最後的makefile是：

#Hellomake
#Magnum， 2014-10-19
# 指令編譯器和選項
TOOLCHAINS_ROOT=$(NDK_HOME)/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/
TOOLCHAINS_PREFIX=$(TOOLCHAINS_ROOT)/bin/arm-linux-androideabi
TOOLCHAINS_INCLUDE=$(TOOLCHAINS_ROOT)/lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.8/include-fixed

PLATFORM_ROOT=$(NDK_HOME)/platforms/android-17/arch-arm
NDKINC=$(PLATFORM_ROOT)/usr/include
NDKLIB=$(PLATFORM_ROOT)/usr/lib

CC=$(TOOLCHAINS_PREFIX)-gcc
CFLAGS=-Wall -nostdlib #-Bdynamic
# 須要連接庫的庫名，好比libm.a，就是-lm,須要去掉前面的lib和後面的.a
LIBS=-lm -lc #-lgcc
# 設置默認搜索頭文件的路徑，優先是這個，而後是系統路徑
IncludeDir = -I./include/ -I$(NDKINC)
# 須要連接的庫的路徑
LinkDir = -L$(NDKLIB)
OBJ_DIR = ./obj
BIN_DIR = ./bin


#PROJECT_TOP_DIR設置成pwd 或者"./"都行
PROJECT_TOP_DIR=.#$(shell pwd)#$(shell cd ../; pwd)
PROJECT_BIN_DIR=$(PROJECT_TOP_DIR)/bin
PROJECT_SRC_DIR=$(PROJECT_TOP_DIR)/src
PROJECT_LIB_DIR=$(PROJECT_TOP_DIR)/lib
PROJECT_OBJ_DIR=$(PROJECT_TOP_DIR)/objs
MKDIR := mkdir -p

# 目標文件
EXE_NAME=hellomake
TARGET=$(BIN_DIR)/$(EXE_NAME)

#源文件的文件類型
FILE_TYPE=c
src=$(wildcard $(PROJECT_SRC_DIR)/*.$(FILE_TYPE))
dir= $(notdir $(src))
PROJECT_OBJ= $(patsubst %.$(FILE_TYPE),%.o,$(dir) )
PROJECT_ALL_OBJS= $(addprefix $(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR)/, $(PROJECT_OBJ))
PROJECT_ALL_OBJS+=$(NDKLIB)/crtbegin_dynamic.o
PROJECT_ALL_OBJS+=$(NDKLIB)/crtend_android.o

all: chdir $(TARGET)

$(TARGET): $(PROJECT_ALL_OBJS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LinkDir) $(LIBS)

chdir:
@if test ! -d $(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR) ; \
then \
mkdir $(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR) ; \
fi

@if test ! -d $(PROJECT_BIN_DIR) ; \
then \
mkdir $(PROJECT_BIN_DIR) ; \
fi

.PHONY : clean
clean:
-rm -rf $(PROJECT_BIN_DIR) $(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR)

$(PROJECT_OBJ_DIR)/%.o:$(PROJECT_SRC_DIR)/%.$(FILE_TYPE)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ -c $< $(IncludeDir)

後面要把一些代碼編譯成可執行文件在android設備上驗證，用這個makefile便可。若有寫的不符合指出，還望你們指出，共同進步

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