Linux上的ftp服務器 vsftpd 之配置滿天飛--設置匿名用戶訪問(不彈出用戶名密碼框）以及其餘用戶可正常上傳

1、問題背景

沒事誰折騰這鬼玩意哦。。。還不是由於bug。

咱們的應用，用戶頭像是存在ftp上的。以前的ftp服務器是一臺windows，咱們後臺服務器程序收到用戶上傳頭像的請求時，會用一個ROOT/ROOT的帳戶，鏈接ftp服務器。

獲取到鏈接後，即進行上傳。

上傳：上傳文件則存放在ROOT用戶的home 目錄（在windows上裝的是server-U來充當ftp服務器，因此就是在Server-U裏面配置了ROOT用戶的home目錄）。

上傳完成後，會獲得一個ftp協議類型的url。範例如：

ftp://10.10.20.2/userphoto/user7.png。

客戶端拿到該url後，即用ftp客戶端的庫鏈接該url，獲取到文件流，下載下來，進行展現。

 

這兩天，ftp服務器從windows變到了redhat上。今天下午，測試忽然報了個bug過來，說是用戶頭像不能正常展現了。what？因而開始查找問題。

梳理了半天，發現問題在於：linux上的ftp服務器，採用的是vsftpd軟件。由於配置文件沒配好的緣由，利用前面的「ftp://10.10.20.2/userphoto/user7.png」就訪問不到圖片。

爲何說沒配好呢，一開始報的錯是：FTP 550 Failed to change directory

因而按照下面博文裏的進行修改：https://blog.csdn.net/coreyC/article/details/80866533

 

沒想到一波三折。

 

2、匿名訪問

關於匿名訪問，若是不成功的話，那麼，請首先去下載一個工具，winscp。

按照下面的方式去進行匿名訪問：

 

若是匿名登陸失敗的話，會提示具體的緣由。

 

3、匿名上傳

錯誤提示1：553 Could not create file

這個提示，有一個緣由是，匿名用戶的主目錄，主目錄的意思是，每一個用戶登陸進去後所在的目錄，後續的讀取、上傳都會在這個目錄，至關於用戶的base目錄吧。

若是主目錄的權限不夠，就會提示這個問題，通常直接野蠻改成777權限。

至於主目錄在哪？ 在配置文件中經過如下選項進行配置：

anon_root=/data/ftp

 

以下圖所示，須要把主目錄權限改成777，便可匿名上傳：

 

修改權限的命令：

 chmod 777 /data/ftp

 

下述的報錯也是一樣的問題：

500 OOPS: vsftpd: refusing to run with writable anonymous root

 

2、支持匿名訪問/上傳的配置文件

正確的配置貼一份，這份配置再加上，對目錄進行必要的權限設置，基本能夠擺平大多數狀況：

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
# 這裏須要打開，容許匿名訪問 anonymous_enable=YES

  #https://blog.csdn.net/bluishglc/article/details/42399439
  allow_writeable_chroot=YES

#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# 以前說到咱們用ROOT/ROOT來訪問ftp，咱們這裏，ROOT/ROOT是咱們的linux能夠登陸的用戶名密碼。要容許這類用戶訪問ftp，須要開啓下面的選項 local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
# 要容許寫入操做。不然應該不能上傳文件 write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# 匿名上傳，須要配合write_enable=yes anon_upload_enable=YES

#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
# 容許匿名用戶建立目錄; anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#控制匿名用戶對文件和文件夾的刪除和重命名 anon_other_write_enable=YES

#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
#匿名用戶的根目錄。這個很是重要 anon_root=/home/ROOT
#匿名用戶不要密碼就靠這個 no_anon_password=YES
#本地用戶，如咱們上傳用的用戶（ROOT/ROOT）的根目錄。固然，咱們給匿名配了那麼多，估計匿名也能上傳了。 local_root=/home/ROOT
#該選項暫時不太清楚 ftp_username=ROOT

 

 

參考資料：

https://blog.csdn.net/haoge921026/article/details/51956983