MySQL升級從5.1.71到5.7.17

最近系統漏洞掃描,掃出來不少MySQL的漏洞,沒有什麼好的辦法,先升級到最新版本。在梳理MySQL數據庫信息時發現有一套zabbix用的MySQL版本是5.1.71的,如今的最新版本是5.7.17,版本跨越的太大了,不知道直接升級是否可行。庫的數據量大概15G,因而就想先備份,備份完後用mysql_upgrade作升級。若是實在不行就再新建立一套庫把數據導進去。mysql

下面是在虛擬機上測試的升級步驟,中間也遇到了一些問題,不過好在最後仍是升級成功了,說明這條路仍是可行了。linux

操做系統版本RHEL 6.7 舊的MySQL版本5.1.71,新的MySQL版本5.7.17。sql

一、查看舊的MySQL版本,並建立測試數據庫和測試表數據庫

mysql> select version();
+------------------+
| version()        |
+------------------+
| 5.1.71-community |
+------------------+
mysql> create database zx;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
| zx                 |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use zx;
Database changed
mysql> create table test_upgrade (id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
......
mysql> select count(*) from test_upgrade;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 33554432 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

如今test_upgrade表裏有33554432條數據。socket

二、中止舊MySQL,並備份數據ide

[root@rhel6 mysql]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
#這裏直接用cp備份數據
[root@rhel6 lib]# cp -R mysql mysql_bak
[root@rhel6 lib]# du -sk mysql*
250880	mysql
250880	mysql_bak

三、安裝新Msql軟件,這裏下載的是編譯好的解壓就可使用測試

[root@rhel6 ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 
#解壓完後移動到/opt目錄下
[root@rhel6 ~]# mv mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql-5.7.17
[root@rhel6 ~]# mv mysql-5.7.17 /opt
[root@rhel6 ~]# cd /opt
[root@rhel6 opt]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.7.17/
[root@rhel6 opt]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 22 21:07 mysql-5.7.17

四、修改my.cnf
操作系統

主要修改basedir參數:orm

[root@rhel6 opt]# vi /etc/my.cnf
basedir=/opt/mysql-5.7.17

五、啓動新MySQLserver

[root@rhel6 mysql-5.7.17]# ./bin/mysqld_safe &

1)啓動報錯1:

2017-03-22T13:12:39.131998Z 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: The Auto-extending innodb_system data file './ibdata1' is of a different size 640 pages (rounded down to MB) than specified in the .cnf file: initial 768 pages, max 0 (relevant if non-zero) pages!2017-03-22T13:12:39.132028Z 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Plugin initialization aborted with error Generic error
2017-03-22T13:12:39.733953Z 0 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
2017-03-22T13:12:39.733986Z 0 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
2017-03-22T13:12:39.733994Z 0 [ERROR] Failed to initialize plugins.
2017-03-22T13:12:39.734000Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

解決方法在my.cnf中的[mysqld]部分添加以下參數

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

再次啓動

2)啓動報錯2:

2017-03-22T13:16:03.374717Z 0 [ERROR] unknown option '--skip-locking'
2017-03-22T13:16:03.374735Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

解決方法從my.cnf中註釋掉相關參數skip-locking

再次啓動

3)啓動報錯3:

2017-03-22T13:18:20.278752Z 0 [ERROR] Fatal error: mysql.user table is damaged. Please run mysql_upgrade.
2017-03-22T13:18:20.278954Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

5.7沒法讀取5.1的mysql.user表,解決方法使用--skip-grant-tables參數跳過受權驗證

再次啓動

[root@rhel6 mysql-5.7.17]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables&

啓動成功

2017-03-22T13:20:23.919677Z 0 [Note] ./bin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.7.17'  socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)

六、執行升級

[root@rhel6 mysql-5.7.17]# ./bin/mysql_upgrade -uroot
Checking if update is needed.
Checking server version.
Running queries to upgrade MySQL server.
Checking system database.
mysql.columns_priv                                 OK
mysql.db                                           OK
mysql.engine_cost                                  OK
mysql.event                                        OK
mysql.func                                         OK
mysql.general_log                                  OK
mysql.gtid_executed                                OK
mysql.help_category                                OK
mysql.help_keyword                                 OK
mysql.help_relation                                OK
mysql.help_topic                                   OK
mysql.host                                         OK
mysql.innodb_index_stats                           OK
mysql.innodb_table_stats                           OK
mysql.ndb_binlog_index                             OK
mysql.plugin                                       OK
mysql.proc                                         OK
mysql.procs_priv                                   OK
mysql.proxies_priv                                 OK
mysql.server_cost                                  OK
mysql.servers                                      OK
mysql.slave_master_info                            OK
mysql.slave_relay_log_info                         OK
mysql.slave_worker_info                            OK
mysql.slow_log                                     OK
mysql.tables_priv                                  OK
mysql.time_zone                                    OK
mysql.time_zone_leap_second                        OK
mysql.time_zone_name                               OK
mysql.time_zone_transition                         OK
mysql.time_zone_transition_type                    OK
mysql.user                                         OK
Upgrading the sys schema.
Checking databases.
sys.sys_config                                     OK
zx.test_upgrade                                    OK
Upgrade process completed successfully.
Checking if update is needed.

七、重啓MySQL,並驗證

[root@rhel6 mysql-5.7.17]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown
[root@rhel6 mysql-5.7.17]# ./bin/mysqld_safe &
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.7.17    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
| zx                 |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from zx.test_upgrade;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 33554432 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

驗證經過後,刪除舊版本的MySQL軟件。

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