前置知識#
咱們想登錄到mysql中前提是確定須要一個用戶名和密碼：好比 root roothtml
在mysql中用戶的信息會存放在 mysql數據庫下的 user表中mysql
能夠 use mysql 而後select * from user\G;查看到系統上的所用的用戶信息；sql
其中有一列叫作HOST，HOST的不一樣值決定了用戶擁有不一樣的登錄方式：好比：數據庫
| 標識符 | 含義 |
|---|---|
| % | 任意ip均等登錄 |
| localhost | 只容許本地登錄 |
| 127.0.0.1 | 只容許本地登錄 |
| sv1 | 主機名爲sv1的機器可登陸，主機名能夠在 /etc/hostname中查看 |
| ::1 | 本機可登陸 |
因此在登錄前，請肯定你的使用的登錄用戶的HOST列中有相應的配置vim
騷氣的登錄#
在mac上登錄華爲雲的服務器bash
MacBook-Pro% ssh 'root'@'139.9.92.123'
root@139.9.92.123's password: Last failed login: Fri May 29 11:03:42 CST 2020 from 202.85.208.14 on ssh:notty There was 1 failed login attempt since the last successful login. Last login: Thu May 28 16:36:32 2020 from 202.85.208.7 Welcome to Huawei Cloud Service -bash: warning: setlocale: LC_CTYPE: cannot change locale (UTF-8): No such file or directory [root@139 ~]#
在mac上遠程登錄服務器上的mysql服務器
MacBook-Pro% ./mysql -h139.9.92.123 -uroot -reqw123.. -P3306
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2174
Server version: 5.7.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
mac登錄本地的mysqldom
若是你有配置環境變量，在任何目錄下系統都識別mysql命令ssh
你能夠直接像下面這樣登錄：socket
MacBook-Pro% mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
若是你沒有配置環境變量，系統就不能直接識別mysql命令，須要你進入到mysql安裝目錄下的bin文件下，找到mysql命令，而後執行登錄的動做
MacBook-Pro% /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
也能夠用遠程登錄的方式登錄本地mysql
MacBook-Pro% mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -proot -P3306
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| assignment |
| cal |
本地登錄
咱們能夠藉助mysql.sock實現本地登錄。
那這個mysql.sock是什麼？
很直觀的咱們得知道這個mysql.sock的做用，經過它咱們能夠實現mysql的本地登錄。
mysql.sock應該是mysql的主機和客戶機在同一host（物理服務器）上的時候，使用unix domain socket作爲通信協議的載體，它比tcp快。
經過命令能夠查看到mysql.sock的位置。
MacBook-Pro% netstat -ln | grep mysql
64e3f4c55eb824d7 stream 0 0 64e3f4c5614859a7 0 0 0 /tmp/mysql.sock
記下這個 mysql.sock的地址。接下來咱們會建立一個配置文件，你找個看着比較順眼的目錄放置這個配置文件。
我實在這樣建立的：
MacBook-Pro% sudo mkdir etc
MacBook-Pro% ls -l
total 552
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 275235 Mar 24 01:35 LICENSE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 587 Mar 24 01:35 README
drwxr-xr-x 40 root wheel 1280 Mar 24 02:45 bin
drwxr-x--- 27 _mysql _mysql 864 May 28 20:44 data
drwxr-xr-x 5 root wheel 160 Mar 24 02:44 docs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 64 May 29 11:39 etc
drwxr-xr-x 53 root wheel 1696 Mar 24 02:44 include
drwxr-x--- 3 _mysql _mysql 96 May 28 20:44 keyring
drwxr-xr-x 11 root wheel 352 May 13 09:16 lib
drwxr-xr-x 4 root wheel 128 Mar 24 02:44 man
drwxr-xr-x 39 root wheel 1248 Mar 24 02:44 share
drwxr-xr-x 6 root wheel 192 May 28 19:20 support-files
MacBook-Pro% cd etc
MacBook-Pro% sudo touch user.root.cnf
MacBook-Pro% sudo vim user.root.cnf
而後在 user.root.cnf 中添加以下的配置：
[client]
user=root
password=root
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
好了，如今能夠這樣實現本地登錄
MacBook-Pro% ../bin/mysql --defaults-extra-file=./user.root.cnf
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
花裏胡哨的本地登錄
有時候，你可能會看到其餘大佬登錄mysql時使用： mysql.local 騷氣十足的本地登錄mysql
他是怎麼作到的呢？能夠藉助alias+mysql.sock實現：
爲咱們的登錄mysql的命令添加別名，像下面這樣：
MacBook-Pro% alias mysql.local='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/mysql/etc/user.root.cnf'
MacBook-Pro% mysql.local
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
今後，你也能夠騷氣登錄mysql