GO語言的進階之路-協程和Channeljavascript
做者:尹正傑css
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看過我以前幾篇博客小夥伴可能對Golang語言的語法上了解的差很少了,可是,若是想要你的代碼和性能更高,那還得學點晉升的原本,這個時候咱們就須要引入Golang的協成這個概念了,其實,你可能早就據說了Golang的優點就是處理大併發,咱們能夠用它來作日誌收集系統,也能夠用它作業務上的「秒殺系統」,固然咱們還能夠用它來作「監控系統」。好了,下面跟我一塊兒來體會一下Golang的五味雜陳吧。java
一.什麼是協程;jquery
再說協成以前,咱們須要瞭解兩個概念,即用戶態和內核態。git
1.什麼是用戶態;github
官方解釋:用戶態(user mode)在計算機結構指兩項相似的概念。在CPU的設計中,用戶態指非特權狀態。在此狀態下,執行的代碼被硬件限定,不能進行某些操做,好比寫入其餘進程的存儲空間,以防止給操做系統帶來安全隱患。在操做系統的設計中,用戶態也相似,指非特權的執行狀態。內核禁止此狀態下的代碼進行潛在危險的操做,好比寫入系統配置文件、殺掉其餘用戶的進程、重啓系統等。api
應用程序在用戶態下運行,僅僅只能執行cpu整個指令集的一個子集,該子集中不包含操做硬件功能的部分,所以,通常狀況下,在用戶態中有關I/O和內存保護(操做系統佔用的內存是受保護的,不能被別的程序佔用)。數組
若是感興趣的朋友能夠參考:https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E6%80%81/9548791?fr=aladdin安全
2.什麼是內核態;
內核態也叫和核心態。
官方解釋:在處理器的存儲保護中,主要有兩種權限狀態,一種是核心態(管態),也被稱爲特權態;一種是用戶態(目態)。核心態是操做系統內核所運行的模式,運行在該模式的代碼,能夠無限制地對系統存儲、外部設備進行訪問。
操做系統在內核態運行狀況下能夠訪問硬件上全部的內容。
若是感興趣的朋友能夠參考:https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E6%80%81/6845908?fr=aladdin
3.什麼是協成;
官方解釋:一個程序能夠包含多個協程,能夠對比與一個進程包含多個線程,於是下面咱們來比較協程和線程。咱們知道多個線程相對獨立,有本身的上下文,切換受系統控制;而協程也相對獨立,有本身的上下文,可是其切換由本身控制,由當前協程切換到其餘協程由當前協程來控制。
協程(coroutine)是Go語言中的輕量級線程實現,由Go運行時(runtime)管理。在一個函數調用前加上go關鍵字,此次調用就會在一個新的goroutine中併發執行。當被調用的函數返回時,這個goroutine也自動結束。須要注意的是,若是這個函數有返回值,那麼這個返回值會被丟棄。協成工做在用戶態,它相似於現場的運行方式能夠並行處理任務。
二.建立一個協程;
在一個函數調用前加上go關鍵字,此次調用就會在一個新的goroutine中併發執行,下面咱們一塊兒來看段代碼的執行結果:
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "time" 12 "fmt" 13 ) 14 15 func sayhi(s string) { 16 for i := 0; i < 5; i++ { 17 time.Sleep(100*time.Millisecond) //表示每次循環後都要休息100毫秒。 18 fmt.Println(s) 19 } 20 } 21 22 func main() { 23 go sayhi("尹正傑") //在函數執行前加個go,表示單獨起了一個協程,表示和當前主協程(main)並駕齊驅運行代碼。 24 sayhi("Golang") 25 } 26 27 28 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 29 Golang 30 尹正傑 31 尹正傑 32 Golang 33 Golang 34 尹正傑 35 尹正傑 36 Golang 37 Golang 38 尹正傑
相信你們已經看到了一些端倪,咱們先定義了一個「sayhi」函數,這個函數的功能就是將傳入的字符串打印5遍,而後咱們在主程序上調用的時候,發如今函數面前加"go"關鍵字時,就會打印輸出,可是奇怪的是沒有按照順序打,它沒有先打印五遍「尹正傑」而後在打印5遍「Golang」,而是函數執行結果是不規律的打印了兩個字符串。這就是併發的效果,兩個函數同事運行效果。這也是咱們的併發之路的初體驗。哈哈~
三.協程的侷限性;
發現讓兩端代碼同事運行貌似聽起來很高大上的樣子,可是有個侷限性,就是當主進程結束後,協成也會跟着結束,其實這個很好理解,咱們經過一段代碼就知道了:
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "time" 12 "fmt" 13 ) 14 15 func main() { 16 s := []int{2,7,1,6,4,3,11,15,17,5,8,9,12} 17 for _,n := range s{ 18 go func(n int) { //定義一個匿名函數,並對該函數開啓協程,每次循環都會開啓一個協成,也就是說它開啓了13個協程。 19 time.Sleep(time.Duration(n) * time.Second) /*表示每循環一次就須要睡1s,睡的總時間是由n來控制的, 20 總長度是由s切片數組中最大的一個數字決定,也就是說這個協成最少須要17秒纔會結束喲*/ 21 fmt.Println(n) 22 }(n) //因爲這個函數是匿名函數,因此調用方式就直接:(n)調用,不用輸入函數名。 23 } 24 time.Sleep(12*time.Second) //主進程要執行的時間是12秒 25 } 26 27 28 29 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 30 1 31 2 32 3 33 4 34 5 35 6 36 7 37 8 38 9 39 11 40 12
是否是很神奇,直接就進行排序了,可是15和17沒有在終端輸出,爲何呢?這就是我所說的主進程結束,那麼整個程序也終將結束,由於主程序的時間只有12s,若是你想讓全部的數據都排序出來,就得把數字換成一個大於或等於17的,這樣纔會對全部的數字進行排序。由於協成13個協程都要執行完畢的話須要17s纔好使。
四.鎖;
1.爲何要引入鎖;
在線上生活中,咱們爲了不多個用戶操做同一個文件,就會定義一個鎖,爲何咱們須要一個鎖呢?咱們能夠看如下的案例:
1 package main 2 3 import ( 4 "time" 5 "fmt" 6 ) 7 8 type Accout struct { 9 money int 10 } 11 12 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() { 13 time.Sleep(time.Second) 14 } 15 16 func (a *Accout) Get_Gongzi(n int) { 17 a.money += n 18 } 19 20 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) { 21 if a.money > n { 22 a.Do_Prepare() 23 a.money -= n 24 } 25 } 26 27 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) { 28 if a.money >n { 29 a.Do_Prepare() 30 a.money -= n 31 } 32 } 33 34 func (a *Accout) Left()int { 35 return a.money 36 } 37 38 func main() { 39 var account Accout 40 account.Get_Gongzi(10000) 41 go account.Give_Wife(6000) 42 go account.Buy(5000) 43 time.Sleep(2 * time.Second) //不能讓主程序結束掉,由於主進程一結束go的協程也就跟着結束啦。 44 fmt.Println(account.Left()) 45 } 46 47 48 49 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 50 -1000
估計你們都看出來端倪了,在讓兩個協程併發跑起來,發現你獲得的10000塊錢都讓給花出去了,是否是老尷尬了,寫的判斷語句也是沒有生效的,最終10000塊錢的工資,它居然花了11000,若是銀行這麼幹早就倒閉了,哈哈~那麼問題來了,若是解決這一種現象呢?目前有四種常見的處理方案即:互斥鎖,讀寫鎖和channel鎖以及waitgroup等等。
2.互斥鎖;
互斥鎖是傳統的併發程序對共享資源進行訪問控制的主要手段。它由標準庫代碼包sync中的Mutex結構體類型表明。sync.Mutex類型(確切地說,是*sync.Mutex類型)只有兩個公開方法——Lock和Unlock。顧名思義,前者被用於鎖定當前的互斥量,然後者則被用來對當前的互斥量進行解鎖。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "time" 12 "fmt" 13 "sync" 14 ) 15 16 17 type Accout struct { 18 flag sync.Mutex 19 money int 20 } 21 22 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() { 23 time.Sleep(time.Second) 24 } 25 26 func (a *Accout) Get_Salary(n int) { //定義發的工資 27 a.money += n 28 } 29 30 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) { //上交給妻子的工資 31 a.flag.Lock() 32 defer a.flag.Unlock() 33 if a.money > n { 34 a.Do_Prepare() 35 a.money -= n 36 }else { 37 fmt.Println("您的餘額已不足!請及時充值~") 38 } 39 } 40 41 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) { //本身買的工資 42 a.flag.Lock() 43 defer a.flag.Unlock() 44 if a.money >n { 45 a.Do_Prepare() 46 a.money -= n 47 }else { 48 fmt.Println("您的餘額已不足!請及時充值~") 49 } 50 } 51 52 func (a *Accout) Left()int { 53 return a.money 54 } 55 56 func main() { 57 var account Accout 58 account.Get_Salary(10000) 59 go account.Give_Wife(6000) 60 go account.Buy(5000) 61 time.Sleep(2 * time.Second) //不能讓主程序結束掉,由於主進程一結束go的協程也就跟着結束啦。 62 fmt.Printf("您的剩餘工資是\033[31;1m%d\033[0m",account.Left()) 63 64 } 65 66 67 68 #以上代碼解析以下: 69 您的餘額已不足!請及時充值~ 70 您的剩餘工資是4000
3.讀寫鎖;
在Go語言中,讀寫鎖由結構體類型sync.RWMutex表明。與互斥鎖相似,sync.RWMutex類型的零值就已是當即可用的讀寫鎖了。
讀寫鎖便是針對於讀寫操做的互斥鎖。它與普通的互斥鎖最大的不一樣就是,它能夠分別針對讀操做和寫操做進行鎖定和解鎖操做。讀寫鎖控制下的多個寫操做之間都是互斥的,而且寫操做與讀操做之間也都是互斥的。可是,多個讀操做之間卻不存在互斥關係。
A.多個讀操做之間卻不存在互斥關係;
咱們會發現讀取操做沒有存在互斥的關係。5個進程同事進行讀取,最終都順利並行跑完了。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "sync" 12 "time" 13 ) 14 15 var m *sync.RWMutex //定義m的類型爲讀寫鎖。 16 17 func main() { 18 m = new(sync.RWMutex) 19 go read("第一次讀取:") //開啓5個協程進行讀取操做。若是不能併發跑最少須要5秒鐘時間。 20 go read("第二次讀取:") 21 go read("第三次讀取:") 22 go read("第四次讀取:") 23 go read("第五次讀取:") 24 time.Sleep(2* time.Second) //主進程只有2s,意味着這個程序最多能運行2s的時間。 25 } 26 27 func read(i string) { 28 println(i, "read start") 29 m.RLock() //讀鎖定 30 println(i, "資料正在讀取中....") 31 time.Sleep(1 * time.Second) //改函數執行完畢最少須要睡1秒。 32 m.RUnlock() //讀解鎖 33 println(i, "read end") 34 } 35 36 37 38 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 39 第二次讀取: read start 40 第二次讀取: 資料正在讀取中.... 41 第一次讀取: read start 42 第一次讀取: 資料正在讀取中.... 43 第三次讀取: read start 44 第三次讀取: 資料正在讀取中.... 45 第四次讀取: read start 46 第四次讀取: 資料正在讀取中.... 47 第五次讀取: read start 48 第五次讀取: 資料正在讀取中.... 49 第一次讀取: read end 50 第三次讀取: read end 51 第二次讀取: read end 52 第四次讀取: read end 53 第五次讀取: read end
B.讀寫鎖控制下的多個寫操做之間都是互斥的,而且寫操做與讀操做之間也都是互斥的;
咱們發現,讀的時候不能寫,寫的時候不能讀,咱們將主程序設置的時間是10秒鐘,一次讀兩次寫花費的總時間是12秒鐘,所以確定有一個是沒法完成度或是寫的部分。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "sync" 12 "time" 13 ) 14 15 var m *sync.RWMutex 16 17 func read(i string) { 18 println(i, "read start") 19 m.RLock() 20 println(i, "資料正在讀取中.....") 21 time.Sleep(4 * time.Second) 22 m.RUnlock() 23 println(i, "read end") 24 } 25 26 func write(i string) { 27 println(i, "write start") 28 m.Lock() //寫操做鎖定 29 println(i, "數據正在寫入硬盤中.....") 30 time.Sleep(4 * time.Second) 31 m.Unlock() //寫操做解鎖 32 println(i, "write end") 33 } 34 35 func main(){ 36 m = new(sync.RWMutex) 37 go write("第一次寫入") //寫的時候啥都不能幹,即其餘協程沒法寫入,也沒法讀取。 38 go read("第一次讀取") 39 go write("第二次寫入") 40 time.Sleep(10 * time.Second) //主進程只給出10秒的時間,可是整個進程跑完最少須要12秒的時間。 41 } 42 43 44 45 46 #以上代碼直接結果以下: 47 第一次寫入 write start 48 第一次寫入 數據正在寫入硬盤中..... 49 第一次讀取 read start 50 第二次寫入 write start 51 第一次寫入 write end 52 第一次讀取 資料正在讀取中..... 53 第一次讀取 read end 54 第二次寫入 數據正在寫入硬盤中.....
4.channel鎖;
channel鎖的工做原理就是讓2個協成互相通訊,一會咱們會詳細介紹。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "time" 12 "fmt" 13 "sync" 14 ) 15 16 17 type Accout struct { 18 flag sync.Mutex 19 money int 20 } 21 22 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() { 23 time.Sleep(time.Second) 24 } 25 26 func (a *Accout) Get_Gongzi(n int) { 27 a.money += n 28 } 29 30 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) { 31 a.flag.Lock() 32 defer a.flag.Unlock() 33 if a.money > n { 34 a.Do_Prepare() 35 a.money -= n 36 }else { 37 fmt.Println("您的餘額已不足,請及時充值!") 38 } 39 } 40 41 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) { 42 a.flag.Lock() 43 defer a.flag.Unlock() 44 if a.money >n { 45 a.Do_Prepare() 46 a.money -= n 47 }else { 48 fmt.Println("您的餘額已不足,請及時充值!") 49 } 50 } 51 52 func (a *Accout) Left()int { 53 return a.money 54 } 55 56 func main() { 57 var account Accout 58 account.Get_Gongzi(10000) 59 60 var work_info chan string 61 work_info = make(chan string ,2) //定義一個channel 62 63 go func() { 64 account.Give_Wife(6000) 65 work_info <- "I done" //若是該進程執行完畢就發送一條數據給channel,下面的那個也同樣 66 }() 67 68 go func() { 69 account.Buy(50000) 70 work_info <- "I have done too!" 71 }() 72 73 cnt := 0 74 for i := range work_info { 75 fmt.Println(i) 76 cnt++ //每次循環都疊加1,當2個協程都工做完就讓主程序結束。 77 if cnt >= 2 { 78 break 79 } 80 81 } 82 defer close(work_info) 83 fmt.Printf("您的剩餘工資是\033[31;1m%d\033[0m",account.Left()) 84 } 85 86 87 88 89 #以上代碼直接結果以下: 90 您的餘額已不足,請及時充值! 91 I have done too! 92 I done 93 您的剩餘工資是4000
其實channel還有一個好處就是解決超時問題,就是若是在規定的時間沒有完成進程的內容,咱們就返回給用戶超時的狀態。如下是示例代碼:
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "time" 12 "fmt" 13 "sync" 14 ) 15 16 17 type Accout struct { 18 flag sync.Mutex 19 money int 20 } 21 22 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() { 23 time.Sleep(time.Second) 24 } 25 26 func (a *Accout) Get_Gongzi(n int) { 27 a.money += n 28 } 29 30 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) { 31 a.flag.Lock() 32 defer a.flag.Unlock() 33 if a.money > n { 34 a.Do_Prepare() 35 a.money -= n 36 }else { 37 fmt.Println("您的餘額已不足,請及時充值!") 38 } 39 } 40 41 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) { 42 a.flag.Lock() 43 defer a.flag.Unlock() 44 if a.money >n { 45 a.Do_Prepare() 46 a.money -= n 47 }else { 48 fmt.Println("您的餘額已不足,請及時充值!") 49 } 50 } 51 52 func (a *Accout) Left()int { 53 return a.money 54 } 55 56 func main() { 57 var account Accout 58 account.Get_Gongzi(10000) 59 60 var work_info chan string 61 work_info = make(chan string ,2) //定義一個channel 62 63 go func() { 64 account.Give_Wife(6000) 65 work_info <- "I done" //若是該進程執行完畢就發送一條數據給channel,下面的那個也同樣 66 }() 67 68 go func() { 69 account.Buy(50000) 70 work_info <- "I have done too!" 71 }() 72 73 cnt := 0 74 for i := range work_info { 75 fmt.Println(i) 76 cnt++ //每次循環都疊加1,當2個協程都工做完就讓主程序結束。 77 if cnt >= 2 { 78 fmt.Println("操做超時") 79 return 80 } 81 82 } 83 defer close(work_info) 84 fmt.Printf("您的剩餘工資是\033[31;1m%d\033[0m",account.Left()) 85 } 86 87 88 89 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 90 您的餘額已不足,請及時充值! 91 I have done too! 92 I done 93 操做超時
5.waitgroup進行同步;
WaitGroup在go語言中,用於線程同步,它可以一直等到全部的goroutine執行完成,而且阻塞主線程的執行,直到全部的goroutine執行完成。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "time" 12 "fmt" 13 "sync" 14 ) 15 16 type Accout struct { 17 flag sync.Mutex 18 money int 19 } 20 21 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() { 22 time.Sleep(time.Second) 23 } 24 25 func (a *Accout) Get_Gongzi(n int) { 26 a.money += n 27 } 28 29 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) { 30 a.flag.Lock() 31 defer a.flag.Unlock() 32 if a.money > n { 33 a.Do_Prepare() 34 a.money -= n 35 }else { 36 fmt.Println("您的餘額已不足,請及時充值!") 37 } 38 } 39 40 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) { 41 a.flag.Lock() 42 defer a.flag.Unlock() 43 if a.money >n { 44 a.Do_Prepare() 45 a.money -= n 46 }else { 47 fmt.Println("您的餘額已不足,請及時充值!") 48 } 49 } 50 51 func (a *Accout) Left()int { 52 return a.money 53 } 54 55 func main() { 56 var account Accout 57 account.Get_Gongzi(10000) 58 wg := new(sync.WaitGroup) //定義一個WaitGroup,就是用來等待都 59 wg.Add(2) //有幾個進程須要等待就寫幾個,寫多或寫少都會報錯喲~ 60 go func() { 61 account.Give_Wife(6000) 62 wg.Done() //該進程結束就發送結束標誌。 63 }() 64 go func() { 65 account.Buy(5000) 66 wg.Done() 67 }() 68 wg.Wait() //等待全部協程結束後在執行如下都代碼。 69 fmt.Printf("您的剩餘工資是\033[31;1m%d\033[0m",account.Left()) 70 } 71 72 73 74 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 75 您的餘額已不足,請及時充值! 76 您的剩餘工資是5000
五.協程池;
協程池能夠控制並行度,複用協程。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "sync" 12 "net/http" 13 "log" 14 ) 15 16 func work(ch chan string, wg *sync.WaitGroup) { //ch是用來接受數據,wg是用來同步協程的. 17 for u := range ch{ 18 resp,err := http.Get(u) //將channel中的數據讀取出來 19 if err != nil { 20 log.Print(err) 21 return 22 } 23 log.Printf("訪問的網站是:%s,網頁的大小是:%v",u,resp.ContentLength) 24 resp.Body.Close() // 25 } 26 wg.Done() 27 } 28 29 func main() { 30 wg := new(sync.WaitGroup) //定義WaitGroup爲了進行協程同步。 31 wg.Add(5) //開啓5個協程池。 32 taskch := make(chan string) //建立一個channel 33 for i := 0; i < 5; i++ { 34 go work(taskch,wg) 35 } 36 urls := []string{"http://www.baidu.com","http://www.zhihu.com","http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/7201980.html"} //定義須要訪問的網站。 37 for _,url := range urls{ 38 taskch <- url //往channel發送數據。 39 } 40 close(taskch) 41 wg.Wait() //等待程序結束 42 } 43 44 45 46 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 47 2017/07/24 15:23:02 訪問的網站是:http://www.baidu.com,網頁的大小是:-1 48 2017/07/24 15:23:03 訪問的網站是:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/7201980.html,網頁的大小是:-1 49 2017/07/24 15:23:03 訪問的網站是:http://www.zhihu.com,網頁的大小是:-1
六.channel的引入;
Go 語言中的 channel 是實現 goroutine 間無鎖通訊的關鍵機制,他使得寫多線程併發程序變得簡單、靈活、觸手可得。channel是Go語言在語言級別提供的goroutine間的通訊方式,咱們可使用channel在多個goroutine之間傳遞消息。channel是進程內的通訊方式,所以經過channel傳遞對象的過程和調用函數時的參數傳遞行爲比較一致,好比也能夠傳遞指針等。
1.實現channel的Receive與Sender;
初學者能夠理解成:channel實際上就是接受和發送數據。channel是類型相關的,一個channel只能傳遞一種類型的值,這個類型須要在聲明channel時指定。有了這些就夠了,咱們一塊兒來看段代碼來感覺下channel吧。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import "fmt" 11 12 13 14 func sum(s []int, c chan int) { //該函數是對切片數組求和,須要傳入一個切片數組和一個channel。 15 sum := 0 16 for _,v := range s { 17 sum += v //表示對切片數組進行求和。 18 } 19 c <- sum //將sum的數據送給名稱爲c的channel,也就是說將數組中的數字的值傳給channel。給channle賦值的時候,其應該在左邊。 20 } 21 22 func main() { 23 Slice_array := []int{1,2,3,4,-9,4,2,0} 24 channel_name := make(chan int) //用chan定義一個channel對象名稱爲channel_name,其類型是int。 25 go sum(Slice_array[:len(Slice_array)/2],channel_name) //在函數上開啓協成,注意格式。是在函數前面加個go參數便可。 26 go sum(Slice_array[len(Slice_array)/2:],channel_name) 27 x,y := <-channel_name, <-channel_name //將channel_name中的數據接收並複製給x和y,固然你也能夠定義兩個變量名不一樣的channle,要注意到是取channel的值時,其應該在右邊, 28 fmt.Println(x,y,x+y) 29 } 30 31 32 33 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 34 -3 10 7
2.channel的緩衝大小;
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import "fmt" 11 12 13 14 func main() { 15 ch := make(chan int,5) /*定義緩衝大小容量爲5。下面給channel發送了3個值,若是接受當值超過預約義的5時,就會 16 報錯喲!若是你不寫的化就會報錯:"fatal error: all goroutines are asleep - deadlock!"*/ 17 ch <- 100 18 ch <- 200 19 ch <- 300 20 fmt.Println(<-ch) //第一次取值 21 fmt.Println(<-ch) //第二次取值 22 fmt.Println(<-ch) //第三次取值 23 } 24 25 26 27 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 28 100 29 200 30 300
3.channel的應用;
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import "fmt" 11 12 func fibonacci(n int,c chan int) { //定義斐波拉契數列函數。 13 x,y := 0,1 14 for i := 0; i < n; i++ { 15 c <- x 16 x,y = y,x+y 17 if x > 100 { //表示當循環到兩個數字之和大於100時就終止循環。 18 break 19 } 20 } 21 close(c) //關閉channel,若是不關閉就會被鎖,出現報錯:"deadlock!" 22 } 23 24 func main() { 25 channel_name := make(chan int,15) //定義channel緩衝大小時爲15,表示最多存取15個元素。 26 go fibonacci(cap(channel_name),channel_name) 27 for i := range channel_name{ //遍歷channel_name 28 fmt.Println(i) 29 } 30 } 31 32 33 34 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 35 0 36 1 37 1 38 2 39 3 40 5 41 8 42 13 43 21 44 34 45 55 46 89
4.Channeld的select語法;
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import "fmt" 11 12 func fibonacci(channel_name,quit chan int) { //定義兩個channle對象channel_name和quit。 13 x,y := 0,1 14 for{ 15 select { 16 case channel_name <- x: //用channel_name接受數據。 17 x,y = y,x+y 18 19 case <-quit: //表示當接收到quit的channel時,就執行如下代碼。其實就是實現關閉channel的功能。 20 fmt.Println("EXIT") 21 return //函數一退出協程也就跟着退出了 22 } 23 } 24 } 25 26 func main() { 27 channel_name := make(chan int) 28 quit := make(chan int) 29 go func() { 30 for i := 0; i < 11; i++ { 31 fmt.Println(<-channel_name) //"<-channel_name"表示讀取channel_name中的參數。 32 } 33 quit<- 100 /*當for循環結束後,咱們隨便給quit的channel傳一個值就能夠實現退出函數的功能。咱們以前須要 34 用close(c)來退出發信號的功能,主動權在"fibonacci",而咱們如今咱們用quit來主動退出協程。*/ 35 }() //這裏加個括號是在調用當前函數。 36 fibonacci(channel_name,quit) //將channel_name和quit傳遞給fibonacci函數 37 } 38 39 40 41 #以上代碼珍惜結果以下: 42 0 43 1 44 1 45 2 46 3 47 5 48 8 49 13 50 21 51 34 52 55 53 EXIT
5.default語法;
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "time" 12 "fmt" 13 ) 14 15 func main() { 16 tick := time.Tick(1000*time.Millisecond) //也能夠這樣寫:「tick := time.NewTicker(1000*time.Millisecond).C」其中這個點C就是一個channel。 17 boom := time.After(5000*time.Millisecond) 18 for { 19 select { 20 case <-tick: 21 fmt.Println("滴答。。。") 22 case <-boom: 23 fmt.Println("砰~") 24 return 25 default: 26 fmt.Println("吃一口涼皮") 27 time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond) 28 } 29 } 30 } 31 32 33 34 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 35 吃一口涼皮 36 吃一口涼皮 37 滴答。。。 38 吃一口涼皮 39 吃一口涼皮 40 滴答。。。 41 吃一口涼皮 42 吃一口涼皮 43 滴答。。。 44 吃一口涼皮 45 吃一口涼皮 46 滴答。。。 47 吃一口涼皮 48 吃一口涼皮 49 砰~
6.channel擴展;
A.time.NewTicker用法展現:
當咱們在寫一個監控系統的時候,須要實施監控,可是定義巡檢時間的話,須要咱們自定義巡檢週期性。這個時候咱們就能夠用到一個叫時間設置器的函數,即:time.NewTicker。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "time" 12 "fmt" 13 ) 14 15 func main() { 16 timer := time.NewTicker(3 * time.Second) //設置定時器,定義timer的基本單位是三秒。 17 cnt := 0 18 for _ = range timer.C{ //其中timer.C就是一個channel 19 cnt++ 20 if cnt > 3 { 21 timer.Stop() //調用方式 22 return //這裏是手動停下來,通常是不會讓他停下來,好比在監控的時候,可是有結束條件的時候用return的話是不會報錯的 23 } 24 fmt.Println("yinzhengjie") 25 } 26 } 27 28 29 30 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 31 32 yinzhengjie 33 yinzhengjie 34 yinzhengjie
B.time.After用法展現:
要注意的是,「time.NewTicker」須要調用"Stop"方法纔會被執行,而「time.After」調用的姿式也不同,咱們一塊兒來體驗一下吧。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "time" 12 "fmt" 13 ) 14 15 func main() { 16 c := time.After(time.Second*3) //表示讓其睡眠3秒鐘。 17 <-c //調用方式 18 fmt.Println("主進程執行完畢") 19 } 20 21 22 23 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 24 主進程執行完畢
C.channel的深刻淺出;
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "net/http" 12 "log" 13 "fmt" 14 "time" 15 ) 16 17 /* 18 1.channel就好像一個傳送帶,能夠源源不斷的往裏面放數據,只要不close就能夠永遠發送數據。 19 2.若是channel裏面沒有數據,接收方會阻塞。 20 3.若是沒有人正在等待channel的數據,發送方會阻塞。 21 4.從一個close的channel取數據永遠不會阻塞,同時獲取的是默認值 22 */ 23 24 25 func Print_url(url string) { 26 res,err := http.Get(url) 27 if err != nil { 28 log.Fatal("11111",err) 29 } 30 defer res.Body.Close() 31 fmt.Printf("網頁的狀態返回碼是:%v\n",res.Status) 32 33 } 34 35 func work(resave chan string) { 36 37 for { 38 url,ok := <- resave //若是channel裏面沒有數據,接收方會阻塞。用url,ok兩個參數來接受channel,能夠從channel會返回兩個參數。url表示接受的數據。ok接受的信息是channel是否結束。 39 //fmt.Println(url,ok) 40 if !ok { //判斷channel是否關閉。 41 break 42 } 43 Print_url(url) 44 } 45 46 //for i := range resave { //range語法一值在接受數據,而channel能夠源源不斷的往裏面添加數據。從一個close的channel取數據永遠不會阻塞,同時獲取的是默認值。 47 // Print_url(i) 48 //} 49 } 50 51 func main() { 52 make_string := make(chan string) 53 for i := 0;i<3 ;i++ { 54 go work(make_string) 55 } 56 urls := []string{"http://www.baidu.com","http://www.qq.com","http://www.weixin.com"} 57 for _,i := range urls { 58 make_string <- i //若是沒有人正在等待channel的數據,發送方會阻塞。 59 } 60 close(make_string) //channel就好像一個傳送帶,能夠源源不斷的往裏面放數據,只要不close就能夠永遠發送數據。 61 time.Sleep(5 * time.Second) 62 } 63 64 65 66 67 #以上代碼輸出結果以下: 68 網頁的狀態返回碼是:200 OK 69 網頁的狀態返回碼是:200 OK 70 網頁的狀態返回碼是:200 OK
D.waitgroup+channel配合使用;
咱們能夠對C進行優化,在實際生產環境中,咱們最好不要用"time.sleep"這個方法來實現主程序等待子程序執行完畢,由於會出現異響不到的bug喲~推薦是用waitgrout來取代這個sleep時間。
1 package main 2 3 import ( 4 "net/http" 5 "log" 6 "fmt" 7 //"time" 8 "sync" 9 ) 10 11 /* 12 1.channel就好像一個傳送帶,能夠源源不斷的往裏面放數據,只要不close就能夠永遠發送數據。 13 2.若是channel裏面沒有數據,接收方會阻塞。 14 3.若是沒有人正在等待channel的數據,發送方會阻塞。 15 4.從一個close的channel取數據永遠不會阻塞,同時獲取的是默認值 16 */ 17 18 19 func Print_url(url string) { 20 res,err := http.Get(url) 21 if err != nil { 22 log.Fatal("11111",err) 23 } 24 defer res.Body.Close() 25 fmt.Printf("網頁的狀態返回碼是:%v\n",res.Status) 26 27 } 28 29 func work(resave chan string,wg *sync.WaitGroup) { 30 31 for { 32 url,ok := <- resave //若是channel裏面沒有數據,接收方會阻塞。用url,ok兩個參數來接受channel,能夠從channel會返回兩個參數。url表示接受的數據。ok接受的信息是channel是否結束。 33 //fmt.Println(url,ok) 34 if !ok { //判斷channel是否關閉。 35 break 36 } 37 Print_url(url) 38 } 39 40 //for i := range resave { //range語法一值在接受數據,而channel能夠源源不斷的往裏面添加數據。從一個close的channel取數據永遠不會阻塞,同時獲取的是默認值。 41 // Print_url(i) 42 //} 43 wg.Done() 44 } 45 46 func main() { 47 wg := new(sync.WaitGroup) 48 //var num = 3 49 //make_string := make(chan string) 50 //for i := 0;i<num ;i++ { 51 // go work(make_string,wg) 52 //} 53 //wg.Add(num) 54 55 make_string := make(chan string) 56 for i := 0;i<3 ;i++ { 57 wg.Add(1) //啓用的協程數和add的進程池保持一致。 58 go work(make_string,wg) 59 } 60 61 urls := []string{"http://www.baidu.com","http://www.qq.com","http://www.weixin.com"} 62 for _,i := range urls { 63 make_string <- i //若是沒有人正在等待channel的數據,發送方會阻塞。 64 } 65 close(make_string) //channel就好像一個傳送帶,能夠源源不斷的往裏面放數據,只要不close就能夠永遠發送數據。 66 //time.Sleep(5 * time.Second) 67 wg.Wait() //等待 68 } 69 70 71 72 #以上代碼執行結果以下: 73 網頁的狀態返回碼是:200 OK 74 網頁的狀態返回碼是:200 OK 75 網頁的狀態返回碼是:200 OK
七.爬蟲進階之路;
在咱們想要寫出來一個爬蟲出來,咱們首先得了解幾個模塊,知道它的用法,這樣咱們才能寫出一個真正的爬蟲,接下來跟我一塊兒看看經常使用的幾個模塊吧。
1."net/http"模塊用法展現;
"net/http"模塊可用於爬去url的內容。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "net/http" 12 "log" 13 "io" 14 "os" 15 ) 16 17 func main() { 18 url := "http://www.xiaohuar.com" //定義一個URl,也就是咱們要爬的網站。 19 resp,err := http.Get(url) //獲取url的內容。 20 if err != nil { 21 log.Fatal(err) 22 } 23 defer resp.Body.Close() //千萬要關閉連接,否則會形成資源泄露。 24 if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ //若是返回狀態出現錯誤,就拋出錯誤。 25 log.Fatal(resp.Status) 26 } 27 io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body) //將正常的結果輸出到屏幕上,並不會佔用內存。 28 }
1 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# more http.go 2 package main 3 4 import ( 5 "net/http" 6 "log" 7 "io" 8 "os" 9 ) 10 11 func main() { 12 url := "http://www.xiaohuar.com" //定義一個URl,也就是咱們要爬的網站。 13 resp,err := http.Get(url) 14 if err != nil { 15 log.Fatal(err) 16 } 17 defer resp.Body.Close() //千萬要關閉連接,否則會形成資源泄露。 18 if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ //若是返回狀態出現錯誤,就拋出錯誤。 19 log.Fatal(resp.Status) 20 } 21 io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body) //將結果輸出到屏幕上,並不會佔用內存。 22 } 23 24 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 25 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 26 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# go run http.go 27 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 28 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 29 <head> 30 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"/> 31 <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-transform"/> 32 <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp"/> 33 <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and(max-width: 640px)" href="http://m.xiaohuar.com/"> 34 <title>-УУtitle><meta name="keywords" content="УУ 35 36 <meta name="description" content="2015УУУƬУѧУУ"> 37 <link rel="Shortcut Icon" type="image/x-icon" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/favicon.ico"/> 38 <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/css/global.css"/> 39 <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/css/index2.css"/> 40 <link href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/css/a.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> 41 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/js/jquery.min.js"></script> 42 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/js/global.js"></script> 43 <script src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/default/js/tophone.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script type="text/javascript">uaredirect("http://m.xiaohuar.com");</script> 44 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/js/focus.js"></script> 45 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/default/js/index.js"></script> 46 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/js/imglazyload.js"></script> 47 <meta property="qc:admins" content="10572731676011705126375"/> 48 </head> 49 <body> 50 <div class="g-hd"><div class="m-nav"><h1 class="m-logo"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com" title="У">У</a></h1><ul id="menu-nav" class="main-menu"><li id="menu-item-14599" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-item current_page_item menu-item-home menu-item-14599"><a title="" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/"></a></li><li id="menu-item-32780" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32780"><a title="Уhref="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hua/">Уa></li><li id="menu-item-32781" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32781"><a title="Уhref="http://www.xiaohuar.com/2014.html">Уa></li><li id="menu-item-32783" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32783"><a title="Уhref="http://www.xiaohuar.com/xiaocao/">Уa></li><li id="menu-item-32782" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32782"><a title="УƵ" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/v/"></a></li><li id="menu-item-14595"><a title="У href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/mm/">Уa></li><li id="menu-item-14596" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14596"><a title="Уhref="http://www.xiaohuar.com/nvshen/" target="_blank">Ůa></li></ul><div class="searchform"><script type="text/javascript">document.write(unescape('%3Cdiv id="bdcs"%3E%3C/div%3E%3Cscript charset="utf-8" src="http://znsv.baidu.com/customer_search/api/js?sid=16660441808226271668') + '&plate_url=' + (encodeURIComponent(window.location.href)) + '&t=' + (Math.ceil(new Date()/3600000)) + unescape('"%3E%3C/script%3E'));</script></div></div></div> 51 <div style="margin-top:80px;"> 52 </div><div class="jiaodian"> 53 54 <div id="inner"> 55 <div class="hot-event"> 56 <div class="switch-nav"><a href="#" onclick="return false;" class="prev"><i class="ico i-prev"></i><span class="hide-clip">span><span class="blackbg"></span></a><a href="#" onclick="return false;" class="next"><i class="ico i-next"></i><span class="hide-clip">span><span class="blackbg"></span></a></div> 57 <div class="event-item" style="display: block;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/zhongxue/" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/2.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt="Ůϲ˽></a></div><div class="event-item" style="display: none;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/dasai/" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/3.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt="д></a></div><div class="event-item" style="display: none;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-27.html" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/4.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt="ɭ></a></div><div class="event-item" style="display: none;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-26.html" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/5.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt=""/></a></div><div class="event-item" style="display: none;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-25.html" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/6.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt="ʷ欶/></a></div> 58 <div class="switch-tab"> 59 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true" class="current">1</a> 60 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true">2</a> 61 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true">3</a> 62 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true">4</a> 63 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true">5</a> 64 </div> 65 </div> 66 </div> 67 <script type="text/javascript"> 68 $('#inner').nav({ t: 2000, a: 1000 }); 69 </script> 70 71 </div> 72 <div class="all_1000"> 73 <div class="jingxuan "> 74 <div class="title1000"><div class="jingxuan "><div class="title1000"><div class="title jx"><a>ͼƬ</a></div> 75 <div class="titleleft"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news/" target="_blank">Уa>|<a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/meinv/" target="_blank"></a>|<a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/2014.html" target="_blank">У</a>|<a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/daxue/" target="_blank">Уa>|<a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/" target="_blank"></a></div><div style="float:right;padding-top:10px;"><div class="bdsharebuttonbox"><a href="#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more"></a><a href="#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title=""></a><a href="#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="</a><a href="#" class="bds_tqq" data-cmd="tqq" title="Ѷ</a><a href="#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="</a><a href="#" class="bds_sqq" data-cmd="sqq" title=""></a><a href="#" class="bds_tieba" data-cmd="tieba" title="</a></div> 76 <script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"24"},"share":{}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script></div></div> 77 </div> 78 </div> 79 <div class="img1000"> 80 <ul><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hua/" target="_blank" title="У<i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/a.jpg" alt="У></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/xiaocao/" target="_blank" title="У<i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/b.jpg" alt="У></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/mm/" target="_blank" title="У<i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/c.jpg" alt="У></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/meinv/" target="_blank" title=""><i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/d.jpg" alt=""/></a></li></ul> 81 </div> 82 </div> 83 <div class="clear"></div><div class="adv100090" style="margin-top: 15px;text-align: center;padding: 20px 0px;background-color: #f5f5f5;"> <script type="text/javascript"> 84 /*banner*/ 85 var cpro_id = "u2170109"; 86 </script> 87 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cpro.baidustatic.com/cpro/ui/c.js"></script> 88 </div> 89 <div class="all_lanmu "> 90 <div class="title1000"><div class="title xg"><a>Уa></div><div class="more"></div> 91 </div> 92 <ul class="twoline"> 93 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1933.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170628/f3d06ef49965aedbe18286a2f221fd9f.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1933.html" target="_blank"><span>ҵѧԺУspan></a><b class="b1">ҵѧԺ</b><b class="b2">81</b></li> 94 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1932.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170626/0ab1d89f54c90df477a90aa533ceea36.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1932.html" target="_blank"><span>ְҵѧԺУ</span></a><b class="b1">ְҵѧԺ</b><b class="b2">4</b></li> 95 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1931.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170619/e0456729d4dcbea569a1acbc6a47ab69.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1931.html" target="_blank"><span>ְҵѧԺУ</span></a><b class="b1">ְҵѧԺ</b><b class="b2">21</b></li> 96 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1928.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170612/1f6620771e2815d21f37d481fa8311e6.png"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1928.html" target="_blank"><span>ɽУ</span></a><b class="b1">ɽ</b><b class="b2">32</b></li> 97 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1926.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170604/ec3794d0d42b538bf4461a84dac32509.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1926.html" target="_blank"><span>ʵ</span></a><b class="b1">ʵb><b class="b2">36</b></li> 98 <li><a href="/p-1-338.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150313150700127.jpg"/></a><a href="/p-1-338.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУѩcc</span></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">106</b></li> 99 <li><a href="/p-1-165.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150306205302174.jpg"/></a><a href="/p-1-165.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУ</span></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">78</b></li> 100 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-667.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150716115704192.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-667.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУspan></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">150</b></li> 101 <li><a href="/p-1-390.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150313162704133.jpg"/></a><a href="/p-1-390.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">351</b></li> 102 <li><a href="/p-1-363.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/aaa5491c03fce0c6c3806c838fd64980.jpg"/></a><a href="/p-1-363.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">220</b></li> 103 </ul> 104 </div> 105 <div class="all_1000"> 106 <div class="title1000"><div class="title mx"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news/" target="_blank">Уa></div><div class="more"></div> 107 </div> 108 <div class="mx_left"> 109 <div class="mx240"> 110 <div class="img240 piclunbo"> 111 <a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/188.html" class='on' target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20160328/1459134125894888.jpg" width="240" height="150" alt="ǫע<em></em><span>ǫעpan></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-148.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151027/1445918569133368.jpg" width="240" height="150" alt="ѧԺУ><em></em><span>ѧԺУspan></a> 112 <a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-145.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151026/1445832517110699.jpg" width="240" height="150" alt="<em></em><span>pan></a> 113 </div> 114 <ul> <li class='kuang'><a href="javascript:;"><i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20160328/1459134125894888.jpg" width="72" height="50" alt="ǫע</a></li> <li><a href="javascript:;"><i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151027/1445918569133368.jpg" width="72" height="50" alt="ѧԺУ></a></li> 115 <li><a href="javascript:;"><i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151026/1445832517110699.jpg" width="72" height="50" alt="</a></li> 116 </ul> </div> 117 <div class="mx240_list"> 118 <div class="title240"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news/" target="_blank"></a></div> 119 <ul> 120 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news-1-1933.html" target="_blank" title="">ҵѧԺУa></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news-1-1932.html" target="_blank" title="ְҵѧԺУ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news-1-1931.html" target="_blank" title="֣">ְҵѧԺУ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news-1-1928.html" target="_blank" title="ɽУ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/188.html" target="_blank" title="ǫע</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/183.html" target="_blank" title="ϲ">ϲ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/182.html" target="_blank" title="MM">MM</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/179.html" target="_blank" title="ŮChoi Somi)ʾ">ŮChoi Somi)ʾ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/168.html" target="_blank" title="ô">ô</a></li> </ul> 121 </div> 122 </div> 123 <div class="mx_con"> 124 <div class="mx_con_top"> 125 <div class="div1"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-7-10.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" width="200" lazysrc="/d/file/20150827/f341b4ac6aaadd8d935c9de04cc5d812.jpg"/><span>jolie</span><em></em></a></div> 126 <div class="div2"><div class="img125120"> 127 <a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1548.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" width="125" lazysrc="/d/file/20160412/434d0f660ad823fa3d0b12b115a6af99.jpg"/><span>ӯ</span><em></em></a> </div><div class="clearh10"></div><div class="img125170"> <a href="/p-1-328.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20141204065514172.jpg" width="125"/><span></span><em></em></a> </div></div> 128 <div class="div2"><div class="img125170"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1854.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" width="125" lazysrc="/d/file/20170227/06eb36fb8d8708551b7a53f8e07e77a7.jpg"/><span>span><em></em></a> </div><div class="clearh10"></div><div class="img125120"><a href="/p-1-126.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/c34082612850c3a01922c960c2384bbf.jpg" width="125"/><span>span><em></em></a> </div></div> 129 </div> 130 <div class="mx_con_down"> 131 <div class="title470">Ůdiv><div class="img155200"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-3.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150815123444171.jpg" alt="Yurisa"/><span>Yurisa-</span><em></em></a></div> 132 <div class="ulbox"> 133 <ul><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-48.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/news/20150815/1439615307134745.jpg" alt="><span>span><em></em></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-49.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/news/20150815/1439615732117201.jpg" alt="><span>span><em></em></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-47.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/news/20150815/1439615048116633.jpg" alt="><span>span><em></em></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-681.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/news/20150815/1439616247184348.jpg" alt="><span>span><em></em></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-749.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://img.1985t.com/uploads/previews/2014/12/0-rcAIKA.jpg" alt="><span>span><em></em></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-136.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://img.1985t.com/uploads/previews/2014/12/0-ywgsac.jpg" alt="><span>span><em></em></a></li> 134 <div class="clear"></div> 135 </ul> 136 </div> 137 </div> 138 </div> 139 <div class="mx_right"> 140 <div class="mx_alaal"><div class="title240">Уѯ</div><div class="mx_search"> 141 <form method="get" target="_self" action="/star/section"> 142 <div class="search_ipt"><input name="keywords" class="s_ipt" id="searchstar" autocomplete="off" type="text" value="" onfocus="if(this.value==''){this.value=''}; 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lazysrc="/d/file/d33b2cae4fdfa7110fa8049db325838f.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-706.html" target="_blank"><span>loly~~~~~~~У~~~~</span></a><b class="b1">loly~~~~~~~</b><b class="b2">69</b></li> 181 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-486.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150414092659161.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-486.html" target="_blank"><span>УֱгŴ˽span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">75</b></li> 182 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-691.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/9bfe870df5ea859c219b6f2733e513b1.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-691.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">85</b></li> 183 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1122.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20160109/7f860f71d979a57531132f91677376bb.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1122.html" target="_blank"><span>Уspan></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">84</b></li> 184 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-867.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20151003/11f8c32b40eab5269d18e68d51185d8d.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-867.html" target="_blank"><span></span></a><b class="b1">b><b class="b2">64</b></li> 185 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1099.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20151231/ddb79b6dcdbc876059cd6db9730d7656.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1099.html" target="_blank"><span>DZɽҰկУ</span></a><b class="b1">DZɽҰկ</b><b class="b2">48</b></li> 186 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-797.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20150902/890c8a533c0346c19bb84ff90a36e4fd.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-797.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">58</b></li> 187 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-922.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20151103/d89e18e42269f9169dfcffba836f2795.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-922.html" target="_blank"><span>ְҵѧԺУ</span></a><b class="b1">ְҵѧԺ</b><b class="b2">58</b></li> 188 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1114.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20160107/776911c54ae5ed4f0fe1c3652ce755da.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1114.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">188</b></li> 189 </ul> 190 </div> 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class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170601/b5ceb0d78d4e2d15f5bf3e9085fdc638.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1915.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">1</b></li> 197 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1907.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170528/68f95c381d71baeb3290cf686f75cf6e.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1907.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧУ˼</span></a><b class="b1">ѧ</b><b class="b2">1</b></li> 198 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1900.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170505/6de1dfa7b06149a8e4f58d4531f1e0a6.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1900.html" target="_blank"><span>һСУ</span></a><b class="b1">һС</b><b class="b2">1</b></li> 199 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1899.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170504/b44a79761757d24941c3f1205630f265.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1899.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУkey</span></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">3</b></li> 200 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1880.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170416/55e0a68c6d7b985dca286f24b4a0b4ed.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1880.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">2</b></li> 201 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1877.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170413/31572d773f2117c4dd3c1a4552fb64c9.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1877.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧУУԣspan></a><b class="b1">ѧУ</b><b class="b2">2</b></li> 202 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1876.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170413/aaeaa82b8eccb31323153201f0d35c69.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1876.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУspan></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">3</b></li> 203 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1868.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170404/e1bc3ee2190f02b13a4b65fa78839df8.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1868.html" target="_blank"><span>У.У</span></a><b class="b1">У.</b><b class="b2">3</b></li> 204 </ul> 205 </div> 206 <div class="all_lanmu "> 207 <div class="title1000"><div class="title mytitle myw_beauty"><a href="/meinv/" target="_blank"></a></div><div class="more"><a href="/meinv/" target="_blank">MORE+</a></div></div> 208 <ul class="twoline"> 209 <li><a 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lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150602175624110.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-11.html" target="_blank"><span>һ˿COSspan></a><b class="b1">2015-06-02</b><b class="b2">3419</b></li> 218 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-42.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20160408/bf5819982372761ea8c2bcade410fb9b.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-42.html" target="_blank"><span>ģѩдspan></a><b class="b1">2016-04-08</b><b class="b2">2587</b></li> 219 </ul> 220 </div> 221 <div class="all_lanmu "> 222 <div class="title1000"><div class="title mytitle myw_model"><a href="/v/" target="_blank">УƵ</a></div><div class="more"><a href="/v/" target="_blank">MORE+</a></div></div> 223 <ul class="oneline" style="height: 230px;"><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-97.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161208/878a9b4f94d401a8c2651f2b04f8c94e.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-97.html" target="_blank"><span>,СŶ</span></a><b class="b1">2016-12-08</b><b class="b2">9356</b></li> 224 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-96.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161113/adbdd1dd3924922398f2f6efc31ffee7.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-96.html" target="_blank"><span>ҡƵ</span></a><b class="b1">2016-11-13</b><b class="b2">6575</b></li> 225 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-95.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161103/c7b58bfaf538f2ede89a4f60b1ecc29b.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-95.html" target="_blank"><span>ֱ˿</span></a><b class="b1">2016-11-03</b><b class="b2">10782</b></li> 226 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-94.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161102/68e926a6a685b1ee0a012e89d626397a.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-94.html" target="_blank"><span></span></a><b class="b1">2016-11-02</b><b class="b2">5220</b></li> 227 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-93.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161102/4bb76725c4d4ac5077b9a1c594c5cbb2.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-93.html" target="_blank"><span>Ƶ</span></a><b class="b1">2016-11-02</b><b class="b2">14255</b></li> 228 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-92.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161027/f070412c9571ee1e5cbde31a816f3bad.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-92.html" target="_blank"><span>˿span></a><b class="b1">2016-10-27</b><b class="b2">7523</b></li> 229 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-91.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161027/185dc525e53fcd53cc30dd9e94f41114.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-91.html" target="_blank"><span></span></a><b class="b1">2016-10-27</b><b class="b2">8720</b></li> 230 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-90.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161016/e846aa103fe104b54b4e8a9ede378b9d.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-90.html" target="_blank"><span>ԡspan></a><b class="b1">2016-10-16</b><b class="b2">8271</b></li> 231 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-89.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161016/64a7e1893ccbc07a302a176480df3e79.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-89.html" target="_blank"><span>ɬ ͬһŮ</span></a><b class="b1">2016-10-16</b><b class="b2">8097</b></li> 232 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-88.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20160619/5c3ede0e1d50f38adbfe8c34afd46771.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-88.html" target="_blank"><span></span></a><b class="b1">2016-06-19</b><b class="b2">14526</b></li> 233 </ul> 234 </div> 235 <div class="all_lanmu "> 236 <div class="title1000"><div class="title mytitle myw_battoo"><a href="/news/" target="_blank">У̬</a></div><div class="more"><a href="/news/" target="_blank">MORE+</a></div></div> 237 <ul class="oneline" style="height: 230px;"><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-25.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/bac1f0d8253b4e157fbf40b8a3edab56.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-25.html" target="_blank"><span>У/span></a><b class="b1">2015-07-16</b><b class="b2">2147</b></li> 238 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-50.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/a0bbfc787c3179a029155871063cee0f.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-50.html" target="_blank"><span>span></a><b class="b1">2015-08-15</b><b class="b2">3856</b></li> 239 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-33.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20150807/1438960820583080.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-33.html" target="_blank"><span>̨ ̨</span></a><b class="b1">2015-08-07</b><b class="b2">2874</b></li> 240 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-51.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/9520c71801cd4896ff3c7346b542b84d.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-51.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1">2015-08-15</b><b class="b2">2430</b></li> 241 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-71.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20150830/576cf065a7d34716f0a8c3b27c546098.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-71.html" target="_blank"><span>רԺУspan></a><b class="b1">2015-08-30</b><b class="b2">3263</b></li> 242 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-105.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151017/1445074354107162.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-105.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУ˭</span></a><b class="b1">2015-10-17</b><b class="b2">1639</b></li> 243 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-54.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20150817/1439782814996443.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-54.html" target="_blank"><span>Ƭ</span></a><b class="b1">2015-08-17</b><b class="b2">2582</b></li> 244 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-39.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20150812/1439349313115531.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-39.html" target="_blank"><span>¶ǰspan></a><b class="b1">2015-08-12</b><b class="b2">1251</b></li> 245 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-69.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20150828/533b346740f18ad15551a3983f3ec333.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-69.html" target="_blank"><span>УУԪspan></a><b class="b1">2015-08-28</b><b class="b2">1465</b></li> 246 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-145.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151026/1445832517110699.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-145.html" target="_blank"><span>pan></a><b class="b1">2015-10-26</b><b class="b2">2540</b></li> 247 </ul> 248 </div> 249 <div class="friendlinks"><div class="linkbt"><h2></h2></div><p> <a href="http://www.dxsabc.com/" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.7kk.com/" target="_blank">ͼƬ</a> 250 <a href="http://hufu.onlylady.com/" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.cooltuku.com" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.4j4j.cn" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.omtxw.com" target="_blank">ŷ</a><a href="http://www.17sucai.com" target="_blank">a> <a href="http://www.iqingren.com" target="_blank">a> <a href="http://www.zhw123.cc">ŮͼƬ</a> <a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/" target="_blank">Уa><a href="http://jiaoyu.baidu.com/beauty/index/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ѧa> <a href="http://www.sumiaozhijia.com/" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.zeihaoxiao.com/" target="_blank">Ц</a> <a href="http://www.showself.com" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.xiannvw.com" target="_blank"></a> 251 </p> 252 </div> 253 </div> 254 <div class="indexfooter"> 255 <div class="foot"><div class="f_about"><ul><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/about.html" target="_blank"></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/about.html#content2" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="foot4"></li><li><a href="/about.html#content3" target="_blank"></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/about.html#content4" target="_blank"></a></li></ul></div> 256 <p><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/">У</a> href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/">ȫѧУƬ</a>ɢͬУͼƬ href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/">УƬ</a>ԭУƬr/><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/sitemap.htm">Уa> © 2009-2015 All Rights Reserved www.xiaohuar.com class="__cf_email__" href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" data-cfemail="c0f2f1f1f2f4f9f2f3f680b1b1eea3afad">[email protected]</a><script data-cfhash='f9e31' type="text/javascript">/* <![CDATA[ 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266 <script>var nId = "b8f6592311f7b82244e30894c7c84632de2c2675bb9329e6",nWidth="auto",sColor="light",sText=";</script> 267 <script src="http://list.qq.com/zh_CN/htmledition/js/qf/page/qfcode.js" charset="gb18030"></script> 268 </div> 269 </div> 270 <a id="cweixin" href="#"><span></span><div></div></a> 271 <div class="jianyi"><a href="http://mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/qm_share?t=qm_mailme&email=aFpZWVpcUVpbXigZGUYLBwU" target="_blank"></a></div></div> 272 <script> 273 var _hmt = _hmt || []; 274 (function() { 275 var hm = document.createElement("script"); 276 hm.src = "//hm.baidu.com/hm.js?0dfa94cc970f5368ddbe743609970944"; 277 var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; 278 s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s); 279 })(); 280 </script><script type="text/javascript"> 281 /**/ 282 var cpro_id = "u1960876"; 283 </script> 284 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cpro.baidustatic.com/cpro/ui/f.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> 285 /*pic*/ 286 var cpro_id = "u1968034"; 287 </script> 288 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cpro.baidustatic.com/cpro/ui/i.js"></script> 289 </body> 290 </html>[root@yinzhengjie tmp]#
2.「net/url」模塊用法展現;
「net/url」模塊中咱們會用到一個解析方法,它能夠解析url使用的協議,主機名,當前路徑,請求信息,用戶信息,當前錨點等等。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "os" 12 "net/url" 13 "log" 14 "fmt" 15 ) 16 17 func main() { 18 s := os.Args[1] 19 u,err := url.Parse(s) 20 if err != nil { 21 log.Fatal(err) 22 } 23 fmt.Println("使用的協議是:",u.Scheme) 24 fmt.Println("主機名稱是:",u.Host) 25 fmt.Println("當前路徑是:",u.Path) 26 fmt.Println("請求信息是:",u.RawQuery) 27 fmt.Println("用戶信息是:",u.User) 28 fmt.Println("當前的錨點是:",u.Fragment) 29 }
1 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# more url.go 2 /* 3 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 4 @author :yinzhengjie 5 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 6 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 7 */ 8 9 package main 10 11 import ( 12 "os" 13 "net/url" 14 "log" 15 "fmt" 16 ) 17 18 func main() { 19 s := os.Args[1] 20 u,err := url.Parse(s) 21 if err != nil { 22 log.Fatal(err) 23 } 24 fmt.Println("使用的協議是:",u.Scheme) 25 fmt.Println("主機名稱是:",u.Host) 26 fmt.Println("當前路徑是:",u.Path) 27 fmt.Println("請求信息是:",u.RawQuery) 28 fmt.Println("用戶信息是:",u.User) 29 fmt.Println("當前的錨點是:",u.Fragment) 30 } 31 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 32 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 33 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# go run url.go http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/7202796.html 34 使用的協議是: http 35 主機名稱是: www.cnblogs.com 36 當前路徑是: /yinzhengjie/p/7202796.html 37 請求信息是: 38 用戶信息是: <nil> 39 當前的錨點是: 40 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]#
3.goquery模塊用法展現;
作過 Web 開發的,應該都用過或聽過 jQuery,它提供了方便的操做 DOM 的 API。使用 Go 語言作服務器端開發,有時候須要解析 HTML 文件,好比抓取網站內容、寫一個爬蟲等。這時候若是有一個相似 jQuery 的庫可使用,操做 DOM 會很方便,並且,上手也會很快。github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery 這個庫就實現了相似 jQuery 的功能,讓你能方便的使用 Go 語言操做 HTML 文檔。
首先,要強調一點,要執行如下代碼須要安裝一個goquery模塊,該模塊用來爬去網站的內容的簡直就是一個神器啊。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "net/http" 12 "log" 13 "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery" 14 "fmt" 15 ) 16 17 18 /* 19 用goquery能夠快速獲取url的標籤。 20 */ 21 22 func main() { 23 url := "http://www.xiaohuar.com" //定義一個URl,也就是咱們要爬的網站。 24 resp,err := http.Get(url) ////獲取url的內容,包括請求頭信息都在裏面放着的。 25 26 if err != nil { 27 log.Fatal(err) 28 } 29 defer resp.Body.Close() //千萬要關閉連接,否則會形成資源泄露。 30 if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ //若是返回狀態出現錯誤,就拋出錯誤並終止程序。 31 log.Fatal(resp.Status) 32 } 33 //io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body) //將結果輸出到屏幕上,並不會佔用內存。 34 doc,err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp) //對resp進行過濾,最終會拿到首頁路徑url 35 if err != nil { 36 log.Fatal(err) 37 } 38 doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) { /*表示找到"img"的標籤而後用Each方法遍歷每個圖片路徑。*/ 39 link,ok := s.Attr("src") //找到「img」標籤後會將其的「src」的路徑找到,最終也就找到了圖片的路徑。 40 if ok { 41 fmt.Println(link) //若是存在「src」路徑就打印 42 }else { 43 fmt.Println("抱歉,沒有發現該路徑。") 44 } 45 }) 46 }
1 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# more goquery.go 2 /* 3 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 4 @author :yinzhengjie 5 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 6 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 7 */ 8 9 package main 10 11 import ( 12 "net/http" 13 "log" 14 "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery" 15 "fmt" 16 ) 17 18 19 /* 20 用goquery能夠快速獲取url的標籤。 21 */ 22 23 func main() { 24 url := "http://www.xiaohuar.com" //定義一個URl,也就是咱們要爬的網站。 25 resp,err := http.Get(url) ////獲取url的內容,包括請求頭信息都在裏面放着的。 26 27 if err != nil { 28 log.Fatal(err) 29 } 30 defer resp.Body.Close() //千萬要關閉連接,否則會形成資源泄露。 31 if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ //若是返回狀態出現錯誤,就拋出錯誤並終止程序。 32 log.Fatal(resp.Status) 33 } 34 //io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body) //將結果輸出到屏幕上,並不會佔用內存。 35 doc,err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp) //對resp進行過濾,最終會拿到首頁路徑url 36 if err != nil { 37 log.Fatal(err) 38 } 39 doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) { /*表示找到"img"的標籤而後用Each方法遍歷每個圖片路徑。*/ 40 link,ok := s.Attr("src") //找到「img」標籤後會將其的「src」的路徑找到,最終也就找到了圖片的路徑。 41 if ok { 42 fmt.Println(link) //若是存在「src」路徑就打印 43 }else { 44 fmt.Println("抱歉,沒有發現該路徑。") 45 } 46 }) 47 } 48 49 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 50 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 51 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# go run goquery.go 52 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 53 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 54 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 55 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 56 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 57 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 58 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 59 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 60 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 61 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 62 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 63 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 64 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 65 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 66 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 67 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 68 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 69 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 70 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 71 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 72 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 73 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 74 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 75 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 76 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 77 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 78 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 79 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 80 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 81 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 82 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 83 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 84 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 85 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 86 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 87 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 88 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 89 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 90 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 91 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 92 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 93 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 94 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 95 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 96 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 97 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 98 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 99 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 100 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 101 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 102 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 103 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 104 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 105 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 106 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 107 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 108 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 109 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 110 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 111 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 112 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 113 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 114 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 115 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 116 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 117 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 118 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 119 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 120 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 121 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 122 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 123 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 124 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 125 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 126 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 127 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 128 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 129 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 130 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 131 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 132 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 133 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 134 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 135 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 136 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 137 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 138 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 139 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 140 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 141 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 142 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 143 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif 144 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]#
若是你想要的代碼擴展性更高,能夠將main函數的代碼定義成一個函數,這樣在主函數調用該函數就行了,代碼以下:
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "net/http" 12 "log" 13 "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery" 14 "fmt" 15 "errors" 16 ) 17 18 func fetch(url string) ([]string,error) { 19 var urls []string //定義一個空切片數組 20 resp,err := http.Get(url) 21 if err != nil { 22 log.Fatal(err) 23 } 24 defer resp.Body.Close() 25 if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ 26 return nil,errors.New(resp.Status) //表示當出現錯誤是,返回空列表,並將錯誤狀態返回。 27 } 28 doc,err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp) 29 if err != nil { 30 log.Fatal(err) 31 } 32 doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) { 33 link,ok := s.Attr("src") 34 if ok { 35 urls = append(urls,link) //將過濾出來的圖片路徑都追加到urls的數組中去,最終返回給用戶。 36 }else { 37 fmt.Println("抱歉,沒有發現該路徑。") 38 } 39 40 }) 41 return urls,nil 42 } 43 44 func main() { 45 url := "http://m.xiaohuar.com" //定義一個URl,也就是咱們要爬的網站。注意這裏不要用www,而要用m,由於m是用手機端方式訪問。而www是電腦方式訪問。 46 urls,err := fetch(url) 47 if err != nil { 48 log.Fatal(err) 49 } 50 for _,u := range urls { 51 fmt.Println(u) 52 } 53 54 }
1 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# more goquery.go 2 /* 3 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 4 @author :yinzhengjie 5 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 6 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 7 */ 8 9 package main 10 11 import ( 12 "net/http" 13 "log" 14 "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery" 15 "fmt" 16 "errors" 17 ) 18 19 func fetch(url string) ([]string,error) { 20 var urls []string //定義一個空切片數組 21 resp,err := http.Get(url) 22 if err != nil { 23 log.Fatal(err) 24 } 25 defer resp.Body.Close() 26 if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ 27 return nil,errors.New(resp.Status) //表示當出現錯誤是,返回空列表,並將錯誤狀態返回。 28 } 29 doc,err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp) 30 if err != nil { 31 log.Fatal(err) 32 } 33 doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) { 34 link,ok := s.Attr("src") 35 if ok { 36 urls = append(urls,link) //將過濾出來的圖片路徑都追加到urls的數組中去,最終返回給用戶。 37 }else { 38 fmt.Println("抱歉,沒有發現該路徑。") 39 } 40 41 }) 42 return urls,nil 43 } 44 45 func main() { 46 url := "http://m.xiaohuar.com" //定義一個URl,也就是咱們要爬的網站。注意這裏不要用www,而要用m,由於m是用手機端方式訪問。而w 47 ww是電腦方式訪問。 48 urls,err := fetch(url) 49 if err != nil { 50 log.Fatal(err) 51 } 52 for _,u := range urls { 53 fmt.Println(u) 54 } 55 56 } 57 58 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 59 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 60 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# go run goquery.go 61 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170715/61110ba027f004fb503ff09cdee44d0c.jpg 62 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170707/f7ca636f73937e33836e765b7261f036.jpg 63 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170701/fb18711a6af87f30942d6a19f6da6b3e.jpg 64 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170628/f3d06ef49965aedbe18286a2f221fd9f.jpg 65 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170626/0ab1d89f54c90df477a90aa533ceea36.jpg 66 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170619/e0456729d4dcbea569a1acbc6a47ab69.jpg 67 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170612/1f6620771e2815d21f37d481fa8311e6.png 68 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170604/ec3794d0d42b538bf4461a84dac32509.jpg 69 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170603/e55f77fb3aa3c7f118a46eeef5c0fbbf.jpg 70 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170603/c34b29f68e8f96d44c63fe29bf4a66b8.jpg 71 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170529/e5902d4d3e40829f9a0d30f7488eab84.jpg 72 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170529/8140c4ad797ca01f5e99d09c82dd8a42.jpg 73 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170528/b352258c83776b9a2462277dec375d0c.jpg 74 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170527/4a7a7f1e6b69f126292b981c90110d0a.jpg 75 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170520/dd21a21751e24a8f161792b66011688c.jpg 76 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170516/6e295fe48c33245be858c40d37fb5ee6.jpg 77 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170513/6121e3e90ff3ba4c9398121bda1dd582.jpg 78 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170512/45fc9ed5d92c66f369b66841c58bd183.jpg 79 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]#
擴展:
咱們在訪問一個標籤中的源數據,可能獲取的路徑不是完整路徑,那麼如何將獲取的路徑補充其應該對應的絕對路徑呢?咱們能夠簡單來實現一下,後期咱們能夠對其作一個優化。
1 /* 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun 3 @author :yinzhengjie 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/ 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com 6 */ 7 8 package main 9 10 import ( 11 "errors" 12 "fmt" 13 "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery" 14 "log" 15 "net/http" 16 "net/url" 17 "os" 18 "strings" 19 ) 20 21 func fetch(url string) ([]string, error) { //改函數會拿到咱們想要的圖片的路徑。 22 var urls []string //定義一個空切片數組 23 resp, err := http.Get(url) 24 if err != nil { 25 log.Fatal(err) 26 } 27 defer resp.Body.Close() 28 if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK { 29 return nil, errors.New(resp.Status) //表示當出現錯誤是,返回空列表,並將錯誤狀態返回。 30 } 31 doc, err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp) 32 if err != nil { 33 log.Fatal(err) 34 } 35 doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) { 36 link, ok := s.Attr("src") 37 if ok { 38 urls = append(urls, link) //將過濾出來的圖片路徑都追加到urls的數組中去,最終返回給用戶。 39 } else { 40 fmt.Println("抱歉,沒有發現該路徑。") 41 } 42 43 }) 44 return urls, nil 45 } 46 47 func Clean_urls(root_path string, picture_path []string) []string { 48 var Absolute_path []string //定義一個絕對路徑數組。 49 url_info, err := url.Parse(root_path) 50 if err != nil { 51 log.Fatal(err) 52 } 53 Scheme := url_info.Scheme //獲取到連接的協議 54 //fmt.Println("使用的協議是:",Scheme) 55 Host := url_info.Host //獲取連接的主機名 56 //fmt.Println("主機名稱是:",Host) 57 Path := url_info.Path //獲取到連接的相對路徑 58 Path_Directory := strings.Split(Path, "/")[1] //獲取到存放文件的目錄的路徑「Path_Directory」。 59 //fmt.Println("存放文件的目錄是:",Path_Directory) 60 for _, souce_path := range picture_path { 61 if strings.HasPrefix(souce_path, "https") { //若是當前當前路徑是以「https」開頭說明是絕對路徑,所以咱們給一行空代碼,表示不執行任何操做,千萬別寫:「continue」,空着就好。 62 63 } else if strings.HasPrefix(souce_path, "//") { //判斷當前路徑是否以「//」開頭(說明包含主機名) 64 souce_path = Scheme + ":" + souce_path //若是是就對其進行拼接操做。如下邏輯相同。 65 } else if strings.HasPrefix(souce_path, "/") { //說明不包含主機名和協議,咱們進行拼接便可。 66 souce_path = Scheme + "://" + Host + souce_path 67 } else { 68 souce_path = Scheme + "://" + Host + "/" + Path_Directory + "/" + souce_path 69 } 70 Absolute_path = append(Absolute_path, souce_path) //無論是否知足上面的條件,最終都會被追加到該數組中來。 71 } 72 return Absolute_path //最終返回處理後的每一個連接的絕對路基。 73 } 74 75 func main() { 76 root_path := os.Args[1] //定義一個URl,也就是咱們要爬的網站。 77 picture_path, err := fetch(root_path) //「fetch」函數會幫咱們拿到picture_path的路徑,可是路徑多是相對路徑或是絕對路徑。不一樣意。 78 if err != nil { 79 log.Fatal(err) 80 } 81 82 Absolute_path := Clean_urls(root_path, picture_path) //「Clean_urls」函數會幫咱們把picture_path的路徑作一個統一,最終都拿到了絕對路徑Absolute_path數組。 83 84 for _, Picture_absolute_path := range Absolute_path { 85 fmt.Println(Picture_absolute_path) //最終咱們會獲得一個圖片的完整路徑,咱們能夠對這個路徑進行下載,壓縮,加密等等操做。 86 } 87 }