關於websocket 在生產環境中遇到的問題 及 解決辦法

一  生產環境說明python

  1) tornado 4.2mysql

  2) Tornado-MySQLlinux

     3) supervisor 3.0b2nginx

  4) protobuf 2.6.1web

  5) python 2.7.6sql

  6) nginx/1.4.6 跨域

 

二  實際問題服務器

1) 問:使用nginx 代理後不能訪問 報錯  WARNING:tornado.access:400 GET /ws (127.0.0.1) 0.79ms  websocket

   或者  鏈接失敗後  會反覆發起鏈接請求。app

  答:須要在nginx 的location中新增以下配置

# websocket
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

 2) 問: a) The 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header contains multiple values '*, http://localhost', but only one is allowed. Origin 'http://localhost' is therefore not allowed access.

           b)  websocket._exceptions.WebsocketBadStatusException: Handshake status 400

  答:Access-Control-Allow-Origin是HTML5中定義的一種服務器端返回Response header,用來解決資源(好比字體)的跨域權限問題。它定義了該資源容許被哪一個域引用,或者被全部域引用(google字體使用*表示字體資源容許被全部域引用)。

  解決辦法:只須要 add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin 一次就好!

http {  
    ......  
    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;  
    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers X-Requested-With;  
    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods GET,POST,OPTIONS;  
    ......  
}  

 3) 問:如何調試websocket?

  答:能夠經過 websocket-client 寫腳本測試。 具體實例可參看 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/websocket-client/

$ sudo pip install websocket-client
$ python
Python 2.7.6 
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import websocket
>>> websocket
<module 'websocket' from '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/websocket/__init__.pyc'>

 

 4) 問:如何實現定時任務 及  stop server 前執行某個任務

  答:能夠經過tornado.ioloop.PeriodicCallback 執行定時任務

    在supervisorctl stop/restart program_name 時捕獲 signal.SIGINT signal.SIGTERM 實現

import Queue
DIRTY_DATAS = Queue.Queue()

a)
from tornado.ioloop import PeriodicCallback

periodic = PeriodicCallback(lambda: sync_dirty_db_datas(DIRTY_DATAS), 5)
periodic.start()


b)
import signal
import tornado.gen
import tornado.ioloop

@tornado.gen.coroutine
def signal_handler(signum, frame):
    yield sync_dirty_db_datas(DIRTY_DATAS)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().stop()

# receive SIGINT  SIGTERM
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, signal_handler)

 

 5) 問:error: [Errno 24] Too many open files   in python and tornado

[E 140102 17:07:37 ioloop:660] Exception in I/O handler for fd 11
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tornado/ioloop.py", line 653, in start
        self._handlers[fd](fd, events)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tornado/stack_context.py", line 241, in wrapped
        callback(*args, **kwargs)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tornado/netutil.py", line 136, in accept_handler
        connection, address = sock.accept()
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/socket.py", line 202, in accept
    error: [Errno 24] Too many open files

  答:  update the field: open files.

 

 6) 問:operationalerror (1040 'too many connections')   in python and mysql

  答:

mysql> show variables like "max_connections";

檢查mysql可容許的最大鏈接數 和 自身的應用設置的最大可鏈接數,後者不可超過前者設置的最大值。

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