SIGPIPE信號

SIGPIPE
往一個已經接收到FIN的套接中寫是容許的,接收到的FIN僅僅表明對方再也不發送數據。並不能表明我不能發送數據給對方。
往一個FIN結束的進程中寫(write),對方會發送一個RST字段過來,TCP重置。若是再調用write就會產生SIGPIPE信號服務器

   一般,咱們只須要忽略這個信號便可:signal(SIGPIPE,ISG_IGN);socket

  模擬捕捉SIGPIPE信號。首先是客戶端程序:spa

#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<signal.h>
#define ERR_EXIT(m)\
    do\
    {\
        perror(m);\
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\
    }while(0)
ssize_t readn(int fd,void *buf,size_t count)
{
    size_t nleft=count;
    ssize_t nread;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(nleft>0)
    {
        if((nread=read(fd,bufp,nleft))<0)
        {
            if(errno==EINTR)
                continue;
            else
                return -1;
        }
        else if(nread==0)
            return (count-nleft);
        bufp+=nread;
        nleft-=nread;
    }
    return count;
}
ssize_t writen(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
{
    size_t nleft=count;
    ssize_t nwritten;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(nleft>0)
    {
        if((nwritten=write(fd,bufp,nleft))<=0)
        {
            if(errno==EINTR)
                continue;
            return -1;
        }else if(nwritten==0)
            continue;
        bufp+=nwritten;
        nleft-=nwritten;
    }
    return count;

}
ssize_t recv_peek(int sockfd,void *buf,size_t len)
{
    while(1)
    {
        int ret=recv(sockfd,buf,len,MSG_PEEK);//從sockfd讀取內容到buf,但不去清空sockfd,偷窺
        if(ret==-1&&errno==EINTR)
            continue;
        return ret;
    }
}
//偷窺方案實現readline避免一次讀取一個字符
ssize_t readline(int sockfd,void * buf,size_t maxline)
{
    int ret;
    int nread;
    size_t nleft=maxline;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(1)
    {
        ret=recv_peek(sockfd,bufp,nleft);//不清除sockfd,只是窺看
        if(ret<0)
            return ret;
        else if(ret==0)
            return ret;
        nread=ret;
        int i;
        for(i=0;i<nread;i++)
        {
            if(bufp[i]=='\n')
            {
                ret=readn(sockfd,bufp,i+1);//讀出sockfd中的一行而且清空
                if(ret!=i+1)
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                return ret;
            }
        }
        if(nread>nleft)
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        nleft-=nread;
        ret=readn(sockfd,bufp,nread);
        if(ret!=nread)
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        bufp+=nread;//移動指針繼續窺看
    }
    return -1;
}
void echo_cli(int sock)
{
    char sendbuf[1024]={0};
    char recvbuf[1024]={0};    
    while(fgets(sendbuf,sizeof(sendbuf),stdin)!=NULL)//默認有換行符
    {
        
        //writen(sock,sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf));
        //在服務器已經終止以後(kill -9  通訊進程),第一次發送一個字節,引起RST
        write(sock,sendbuf,1);
        //第二次write 引起內核發送SIGPIPE信號,默認動做終止進程.
        write(sock,sendbuf+1,strlen(sendbuf)-1);
        int ret=readline(sock,recvbuf,1024);
        if(ret==-1)
            ERR_EXIT("readline");
    //SIGPIPE信號默認終止
else if(ret==0) { printf("service closed\n"); break; } fputs(recvbuf,stdout); memset(sendbuf,0,sizeof(sendbuf)); memset(recvbuf,0,sizeof(recvbuf)); } close(sock); } void handle_sigpipe(int sig) { printf("recive a signal=%d\n",sig); } int main(void) { signal(SIGPIPE,handle_sigpipe);//捕捉第二次write的SIGPIPE信號,默認終止進程 int sock; if((sock=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_TCP))<0) ERR_EXIT("socket error"); struct sockaddr_in servaddr;//本地協議地址賦給一個套接字 memset(&servaddr,0,sizeof(servaddr)); servaddr.sin_family=AF_INET; servaddr.sin_port=htons(5188); servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//服務器段地址 //inet_aton("127.0.0.1",&servaddr.sin_addr); if(connect(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr))<0) ERR_EXIT("connect"); //利用getsockname獲取客戶端自己地址和端口,即爲對方accept中的對方套接口 struct sockaddr_in localaddr; socklen_t addrlen=sizeof(localaddr); if(getsockname(sock,(struct sockaddr *)&localaddr,&addrlen)<0) ERR_EXIT("getsockname error"); printf("local IP=%s, local port=%d\n",inet_ntoa(localaddr.sin_addr),ntohs(localaddr.sin_port)); //使用getpeername獲取對方地址 echo_cli(sock); return 0; }

 

 

  服務器端程序沒有變化,只要先用kill -9 退出服務器客戶端已鏈接進程便可實現模擬指針

#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<signal.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>
#define ERR_EXIT(m)\
    do\
    {\
        perror(m);\
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\
    }while(0)
ssize_t readn(int fd,void *buf,size_t count)
{
    size_t nleft=count;
    ssize_t nread;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(nleft>0)
    {
        if((nread=read(fd,bufp,nleft))<0)
        {
            if(errno==EINTR)
                continue;
            else
                return -1;
        }
        else if(nread==0)
            return (count-nleft);
        bufp+=nread;
        nleft-=nread;
    }
    return count;
}
ssize_t writen(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
{
    size_t nleft=count;
    ssize_t nwritten;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(nleft>0)
    {
        if((nwritten=write(fd,bufp,nleft))<=0)
        {
            if(errno==EINTR)
                continue;
            return -1;
        }else if(nwritten==0)
            continue;
        bufp+=nwritten;
        nleft-=nwritten;
    }
    return count;

}
ssize_t recv_peek(int sockfd,void *buf,size_t len)
{
    while(1)
    {
        int ret=recv(sockfd,buf,len,MSG_PEEK);//從sockfd讀取內容到buf,但不去清空sockfd,偷窺
        if(ret==-1&&errno==EINTR)
            continue;
        return ret;
    }
}
//偷窺方案實現readline避免一次讀取一個字符
ssize_t readline(int sockfd,void * buf,size_t maxline)
{
    int ret;
    int nread;
    size_t nleft=maxline;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(1)
    {
        ret=recv_peek(sockfd,bufp,nleft);//不清除sockfd,只是窺看
        if(ret<0)
            return ret;
        else if(ret==0)
            return ret;
        nread=ret;
        int i;
        for(i=0;i<nread;i++)
        {
            if(bufp[i]=='\n')
            {
                ret=readn(sockfd,bufp,i+1);//讀出sockfd中的一行而且清空
                if(ret!=i+1)
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                return ret;
            }
        }
        if(nread>nleft)
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        nleft-=nread;
        ret=readn(sockfd,bufp,nread);
        if(ret!=nread)
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        bufp+=nread;//移動指針繼續窺看
    }
    return -1;
}
void echo_srv(int conn)
{
        int ret;
        char recvbuf[1024];
        while(1)
        {
            memset(&recvbuf,0,sizeof(recvbuf));
            //使用readn以後客戶端發送的數據不足1024會阻塞
            //在客戶端程序中肯定消息的邊界,發送定長包
            ret=readline(conn,recvbuf,1024);                                                               
            //客戶端關閉
            if(ret==-1)
                ERR_EXIT("readline");            
            else if(ret==0)
            {
                printf("client close\n");
                break;//不用繼續循環等待客戶端數據
            }
            fputs(recvbuf,stdout);
            writen(conn,recvbuf,strlen(recvbuf));
        }
}
void handle_sigchld(int sig)
{
    
    while(waitpid(-1,NULL, WNOHANG)>0)
        ;
        
}
int main(void)
{    
    
    signal(SIGCHLD,handle_sigchld);
    int listenfd;
    if((listenfd=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_TCP))<0)
        ERR_EXIT("socket error");
    //if((listenfd=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))<0)
    

    //本地協議地址賦給一個套接字
    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
    memset(&servaddr,0,sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family=AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_port=htons(5188);
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);//表示本機地址

    //開啓地址重複使用,關閉服務器再打開不用等待TIME_WAIT
    int on=1;
    if(setsockopt(listenfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,&on,sizeof(on))<0)
        ERR_EXIT("setsockopt error");
    //綁定本地套接字
    if(bind(listenfd,(struct sockaddr*)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr))<0)
        ERR_EXIT("bind error");
    if(listen(listenfd,SOMAXCONN)<0)//設置監聽套接字(被動套接字)
        ERR_EXIT("listen error");
    
    struct sockaddr_in peeraddr;//對方套接字地址
    socklen_t peerlen=sizeof(peeraddr);
    int conn;//已鏈接套接字(主動套接字)
    pid_t pid;
    while(1){
        if((conn=accept(listenfd,(struct sockaddr*)&peeraddr,&peerlen))<0)
            ERR_EXIT("accept error");
        //鏈接好以後就構成鏈接,端口是客戶端的。peeraddr是對端
        printf("ip=%s port=%d\n",inet_ntoa(peeraddr.sin_addr),ntohs(peeraddr.sin_port));
        pid=fork();
        if(pid==-1)
            ERR_EXIT("fork");
        if(pid==0){    
                close(listenfd);
                echo_srv(conn);
                //某個客戶端關閉,結束該子進程,不然子進程也去接受鏈接
                //雖然結束了exit退出,可是內核還保留了其信息,父進程並未爲其收屍。
                exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
        }else     close(conn);
    }
    return 0;
}
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