CentOS7靜默安裝Oracle11g

操做系統：

[root@docker ~]# uname -m x86_64 [root@docker ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)

 

安裝軟件包：

https://pan.baidu.com/s/1wejL8STpMG1Hnp32YzEVHQ

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binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64 compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64 gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686 glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64 glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686 glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64 ksh libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686 libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64 libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686 libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64 libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686 libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686 libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686 libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686 libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64 libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686 libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64 make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64 sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64

unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later

用yum進行安裝

yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686

 

檢測是否31個包都有安裝

[root@docker ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel binutils-2.23.52.0.1-55.el7.x86_64 compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.i686 gcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 gcc-c++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 glibc-2.17-106.el7_2.8.x86_64 glibc-2.17-106.el7_2.8.i686 glibc-devel-2.17-106.el7_2.8.x86_64 glibc-devel-2.17-106.el7_2.8.i686 ksh-20120801-22.el7_1.3.x86_64 libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.i686 libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.i686 libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7.i686 libstdc++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libstdc++-4.8.5-4.el7.i686 libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-4.el7.i686 libXi-1.7.2-2.1.el7.x86_64 libXi-1.7.4-2.el7.i686 libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el7.x86_64 libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el7.i686 make-3.82-21.el7.x86_64 sysstat-10.1.5-7.el7.x86_64 unixODBC-2.3.1-11.el7.x86_64 unixODBC-2.3.1-11.el7.i686 unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-11.el7.x86_64 unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-11.el7.i686

版本號只能大於規定的版本，不能小於。

 

建立oinstall和dba組

/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd dba

建立oracle用戶

/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

設置oracle用戶密碼

passwd oracle

驗證建立是否正確

[root@docker ~]# id oracle uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)

 

配置內核參數

[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf # System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf. # To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file # # For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5). fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 #最低：536870912，最大值：比物理內存小1個字節的值，建議超過物理內存的一半 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

參數的值不能小於上面的配置，這是oracle官方建議的最小值，生產環境建議調整這些參數，以優化系統性能。

修改後使之生效

/sbin/sysctl -p

 

修改用戶限制

vim  /etc/security/limits.conf #在末尾添加 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 10240

在/etc/pam.d/login 文件中，使用文本編輯器或vi命令增長或修改如下內容

session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so

在/etc/profile 文件中，使用文本編輯器或vi命令增長或修改如下內容

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi

使之生效

source /etc/profile

 

建立安裝目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/ chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/ chmod -R 775 /u01/app/

 

配置環境變量

[oracle@docker ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile  export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_SID=dbsrv2

使之生效

source ~/.bash_profile

解壓oracle軟件

[root@docker src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip [root@docker src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

複製響應文件模板

[oracle@docker ~]$ mkdir etc [oracle@docker ~]$ cp /usr/local/src/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/ [oracle@docker ~]$ ls etc dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp

設置響應文件權限

[oracle@docker ~]$ su - root [root@docker ~]# chmod 700 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp

 

靜默安裝Oracle軟件

su - oracle

修改安裝Oracle軟件的響應文件/home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

 

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY // 安裝類型 ORACLE_HOSTNAME=docker // 主機名稱（hostname查詢） UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall // 安裝組 INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory //INVENTORY目錄（不填就是默認值） SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW // 選擇語言 ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 //oracle_home ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle //oracle_base oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE 　　　　// oracle版本 oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false 　　//自定義安裝，否，使用默認組件 oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba /　　/ dba用戶組 oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall // oper用戶組 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //數據庫類型 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //globalDBName oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=dbsrv2 //SID oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 //自動管理內存的內存(M) oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //設定全部數據庫用戶使用同一個密碼 SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false //（手動寫了false） DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true 　　//設置安全更新（貌似是有bug，這個必定要選true，不然會無限提醒郵件地址有問題，終止安裝。PS：無論地址對不對）

開始靜默安裝

[oracle@docker database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

查看安裝日誌

tail -f /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-08-31_06-56-29PM.log

出現相似以下提示表示安裝完成：

------------------------------------------------------------------------

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root scripts to run

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts
4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue

Successfully Setup Software.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

使用root用戶執行腳本

su - root /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

增長或修改oracle的環境變量

su - oracle vim ~/.bash_profile

#for oracle
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=dbsrv2
export ROACLE_PID=ora11g
#export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'

配置監聽程序

[oracle@docker ~]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

啓動監控程序

[oracle@docker ~]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 01-SEP-2016 11:23:31 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=docker)(PORT=1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 01-SEP-2016 11:23:31 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=docker)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully

靜默dbca建庫

編輯應答文件

[oracle@docker ~]$ vi etc/dbca.rsp

[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "dbsrv2"
SID = "dbsrv2"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"

建庫

[oracle@docker ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile etc/dbca.rsp Enter SYS user password: Enter SYSTEM user password: sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory Copying database files 1% complete 3% complete 11% complete 18% complete 26% complete 37% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 40% complete 45% complete 50% complete 55% complete 56% complete 57% complete 60% complete 62% complete Completing Database Creation 66% complete 70% complete 73% complete 74% complete 85% complete 96% complete 100% complete Look at the log file Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log" for further details.

查看輸出日誌

[oracle@docker ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log Copying database files DBCA_PROGRESS : 1% DBCA_PROGRESS : 3% DBCA_PROGRESS : 11% DBCA_PROGRESS : 18% DBCA_PROGRESS : 26% DBCA_PROGRESS : 37% Creating and starting Oracle instance DBCA_PROGRESS : 40% DBCA_PROGRESS : 45% DBCA_PROGRESS : 50% DBCA_PROGRESS : 55% DBCA_PROGRESS : 56% DBCA_PROGRESS : 60% DBCA_PROGRESS : 62% Completing Database Creation DBCA_PROGRESS : 66% DBCA_PROGRESS : 70% DBCA_PROGRESS : 73% DBCA_PROGRESS : 85% DBCA_PROGRESS : 96% DBCA_PROGRESS : 100% Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g. Database Information: Global Database Name:orcl11g.us.oracle.com System Identifier(SID):dbsrv2

 至此完成數據庫實例的建立。

 

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參考：https://www.cnblogs.com/zydev/p/5827207.html