Mysql 5.7.21 單機多實例安裝

1. 下載MySQL 5.7 二制包
   [root@MySQL ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2. 解壓 MySQL 5.7 二進制包到指定目錄
   [root@MySQL ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

3. 建立 MySQL 軟連接
   [root@MySQL ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

4. 建立 MySQL 用戶
   [root@MySQL ~]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql

5. 在 MySQL 二進制包目錄中建立 mysql-files 目錄 [MySQL 數據導入/導出數據專放目錄]

[root@MySQL ~]# mkdir -v /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files 
mkdir: created directory `/usr/local/mysql/mysql-files'

1. 建立多實例數據目錄

[root@MySQL ~]# mkdir -vp /data/mysql_data{1..4} 
mkdir: created directory `/data' 
mkdir: created directory `/data/mysql_data1' 
mkdir: created directory `/data/mysql_data2' 
mkdir: created directory `/data/mysql_data3' 
mkdir: created directory `/data/mysql_data4'

1. 修改 MySQL 二進制包目錄的所屬用戶與所屬組
   [root@MySQL ~]# chown root.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

2. 修改 MySQL 多實例數據目錄與數據導入/導出專放目錄的所屬用戶與所屬組
   [root@MySQL ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files /data/mysql_data{1..4}

3. 配置 MySQL 配置文件 /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld_multi] 
mysqld    = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld  
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log        = /tmp/mysql_multi.log 
[mysqld1] 
# 設置數據目錄　[多實例中必定要不一樣] 
datadir = /data/mysql_data1
# 設置sock存放文件名　[多實例中必定要不一樣] 
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock1 
# 設置監聽開放端口　[多實例中必定要不一樣] 
port = 3306 
# 設置運行用戶 
user = mysql 
# 關閉監控 
performance_schema = off 
# 設置innodb 緩存大小 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M 
# 設置監聽IP地址 
bind_address = 0.0.0.0 
# 關閉DNS 反向解析 
skip-name-resolve = 0 
[mysqld2] 
datadir = /data/mysql_data2
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2 
port = 3307 
user = mysql 
performance_schema = off 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M 
bind_address = 0.0.0.0 
skip-name-resolve = 0   
[mysqld3] 
datadir = /data/mysql_data3
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3 
port = 3308 
user = mysql 
performance_schema = off 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M 
bind_address = 0.0.0.0 
skip-name-resolve = 0 
[mysqld4] 
datadir = /data/mysql_data4
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock4 
port = 3309 
user = mysql 
performance_schema = off 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M 
bind_address = 0.0.0.0 
skip-name-resolve = 0

1. 初始化各個實例 [ 初始化完成後會自帶隨機密碼在輸出日誌中 ]

[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data1 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data2 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data3 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data4

1. 各實例開啓 SSL 鏈接

[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data1 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data2 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data3 
[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_data4

1. 複製多實例腳本到服務管理目錄下 [ /etc/init.d/ ]
   [root@MySQL ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi

2. 添加腳本執行權限
   [root@MySQL ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi

3. 添加進service服務管理
   [root@MySQL ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld_multi

4. 啓動測試

• 查個多實例狀態

[root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi report 
Reporting MySQL servers 
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running

• 啓動多實例
  [root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi start

• 查看多實例狀態

Reporting MySQL servers 
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running 
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is running

• 查看實例監聽端口

[root@MySQL ~]# netstat -lntp | grep mysqld 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306        0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN      2673/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3307        0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN      2676/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3308        0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN      2679/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3309        0.0.0.0:*                LISTEN      2682/mysqld

1. 鏈接測試

• 實例1

[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock1  -p'z+Ilo*>s:3kw' 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. 
Your MySQL connection id is 6 
Server version: 5.7.18 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 
owners. 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. 
mysql> set password = '123456'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

• 實例2

[root@MySQL ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock2  -p'b*AHUrTgu1rl' 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. 
Your MySQL connection id is 7 
Server version: 5.7.18 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 
owners. 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. 
mysql> set password = '123456'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

原文連接：https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-07/145343.htm