LVS DR模式搭建、keepalived+LVS搭建介紹

LVS DR模式搭建

1.準備工做

  • DR模式一樣須要三臺虛擬機,三臺機器只須要有「公網」IP,但在這種模式下又多了一個VIP。

    調度器dir:172.16.111.100
    真實服務器rs1:172.16.111.110
    真實服務器rs2:172.16.111.120
    VIP:172.16.111.200html

2.DR模式搭建

在dir機器上寫入腳本
[root@garytao-01 ~]# vim /usr/local/sbin/lvs_dr.sh

增長以下腳本內容:

#! /bin/bash
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
ipv=/usr/sbin/ipvsadm
vip=172.16.111.200
rs1=172.16.111.110
rs2=172.16.111.120
#注意這裏的網卡名字
ifdown ens33   #爲了避免讓網卡設置屢次
ifup ens33
ifconfig ens33:2 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up
route add -host $vip dev ens33:2
$ipv -C
$ipv -A -t $vip:80 -s rr
$ipv -a -t $vip:80 -r $rs1:80 -g -w 1
$ipv -a -t $vip:80 -r $rs2:80 -g -w 1

#啓動腳本
[root@garytao-01 ~]# sh /usr/local/sbin/lvs_dr.sh  
成功斷開設備 'ens33'。
成功激活的鏈接(D-Bus 激活路徑:/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/2)
在rs1與rs2上編寫一樣腳本
[root@garytao-02 ~]# vim /usr/local/sbin/lvs_rs.sh

增長以下腳本內容:

#/bin/bash
vip=172.16.111.200
#把vip綁定在lo上,是爲了實現rs直接把結果返回給客戶端
ifconfig lo:0 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up
route add -host $vip lo:0
#如下操做爲更改arp內核參數,目的是爲了讓rs順利發送mac地址給客戶端
#參考文檔www.cnblogs.com/lgfeng/archive/2012/10/16/2726308.html
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

#啓動腳本
[root@garytao-02 ~]# sh /usr/local/sbin/lvs_rs.sh 

#在查看機器上查看路由及IP
[root@garytao-02 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         172.16.111.2    0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens33
172.16.0.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     100    0        0 ens33
172.16.111.200  0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 lo
[root@garytao-02 ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 172.16.111.200/32 brd 172.16.111.200 scope global lo:0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:2c:5f:75 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.111.110/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::b6dc:6aed:f1d0:2f43/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@garytao-03 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         172.16.111.2    0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens33
172.16.111.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33
172.16.111.200  0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 lo
[root@garytao-03 ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 172.16.111.200/32 brd 172.16.111.200 scope global lo:0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:84:9e:21 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.111.120/24 brd 172.16.111.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::5a44:6d44:2313:b46f/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3.瀏覽器訪問測試

  • 瀏覽器裏訪問172.16.111.200,訪問第一次的時候要等一段時間再刷新,有緩存。

LVS DR模式搭建、keepalived+LVS搭建介紹
LVS DR模式搭建、keepalived+LVS搭建介紹

keepalived + LVS

LVS架構中,無論是NAT模式仍是DR模式,當後端的RS宕掉時,調度器依然會把請求轉發到宕掉的RS上,這樣的結果並非咱們想要的。keepalived就能夠解決該問題,它不單單有高可用的功能,還有負載均衡的功能,在調度器上只要安裝了keepalived,就不用再安裝ipvsadm了,也不用去編寫LVS相關的腳本了,也就是說keepalived已經嵌入了LVS功能,完整的keepalived+LVS架構須要有兩臺調度器實現高可用,提供調度服務的只須要一臺,另一臺做爲備用。linux

完整架構須要兩臺服務器(角色爲dir)分別安裝keepalived軟件,目的是實現高可用,但keepalived自己也有負載均衡的功能,因此本次實驗能夠只安裝一臺keepalived。nginx

1.準備工做

  • keepalived內置了ipvsadm的功能,因此不須要再安裝ipvsadm包,也不用編寫和執行那個lvs_dir的腳本。
  • 準備三臺機器分別爲:

    dir(安裝keepalived)172.16.111.100
    rs1:172.16.111.110
    rs2:172.16.111.120
    vip:172.16.111.200算法

2.配置dir機器上的keepalived配置文件

[root@garytao-01 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

刪除以前的配置,增長以下配置內容:

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    #備用服務器上爲 BACKUP
    state MASTER
    #綁定vip的網卡爲ens33,你的網卡和阿銘的可能不同,這裏須要你改一下
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    #備用服務器上爲90
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass aminglinux
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.16.111.200
    }
}
virtual_server 172.16.111.200 80 {
    #(每隔10秒查詢realserver狀態)
    delay_loop 10
    #(lvs 算法)
    lb_algo wlc
    #(DR模式)
    lb_kind DR
    #(同一IP的鏈接60秒內被分配到同一臺realserver)
    persistence_timeout 60
    #(用TCP協議檢查realserver狀態)
    protocol TCP
    real_server 172.16.111.110 80 {
        #(權重)
        weight 100
        TCP_CHECK {
        #(10秒無響應超時)
        connect_timeout 10
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
        }
    }
    real_server 172.16.111.120 80 {
        weight 100
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 10
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
        }
     }
}

#因爲以前執行過LVS的腳本,可能須要作如下操做:
#把以前的ipvsadm規則清空
[root@garytao-01 ~]# ipvsadm -C 
#把以前設置的VIP刪除掉
[root@garytao-01 ~]# systemctl restart network 

#在keepalived的配置文件中定義的LVS模式爲DR模式,因此須要在兩臺rs上執行lvs_dr_rr.sh腳本,在上一節設置的腳本。
[root@garytao-01 ~]# sh /usr/local/sbin/lvs_dr_rs.ch 

#啓動keepalived
[root@garytao-01 ~]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@garytao-01 ~]# ps aux |grep keep
root       5753  0.0  0.1 120720  1396 ?        Ss   19:05   0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root       5754  0.0  0.3 122916  3124 ?        S    19:05   0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root       5755  0.0  0.2 127116  2660 ?        S    19:05   0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root       5760  0.0  0.0 112680   972 pts/0    R+   19:06   0:00 grep --color=auto keep
[root@garytao-01 ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:09:e5:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.111.100/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 172.16.111.200/32 brd 172.16.111.200 scope global ens33:2
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::1ffb:cde1:5f3e:5778/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens38: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:09:e5:6c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.13.129/24 brd 172.16.13.255 scope global dynamic ens38
       valid_lft 1486sec preferred_lft 1486sec
    inet6 fe80::1392:1882:3d3d:ad8c/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

#使用執行命令ipvsadm -ln測試查看鏈接數

#停掉120上的nginx後,使用ipvsadm -ln查看以下
[root@garytao-03 ~]# systemctl stop nginx
[root@garytao-03 ~]# ps aux |grep nginx
root       7020  0.0  0.0 112680   976 pts/0    R+   19:29   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@garytao-01 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  172.16.111.200:80 wlc persistent 60
  -> 172.16.111.110:80            Route   100    0          0       

#關掉keepalived,
[root@garytao-01 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived
[root@garytao-01 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

#開啓120上的nginx及keepalived後
[root@garytao-03 ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@garytao-03 ~]# ps aux |grep nginx
root       7032  0.0  0.0  20500   624 ?        Ss   19:32   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody     7033  0.0  0.3  22944  3208 ?        S    19:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody     7034  0.0  0.3  22944  3208 ?        S    19:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
root       7036  0.0  0.0 112680   972 pts/0    S+   19:32   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@garytao-01 ~]# systemctl start keepalived  #dir機器
[root@garytao-01 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  172.16.111.200:80 wlc persistent 60
  -> 172.16.111.110:80            Route   100    0          0         
  -> 172.16.111.120:80            Route   100    0          0
備註:在瀏覽器檢驗是否成功的方法也很簡單,在瀏覽器直接訪問VIP127.16.111.200,而後故意把其中一臺rs的Nginx服務關掉,好比先關閉110的,而後再刷新瀏覽器看結果,刷新的時候須要使用組合鍵(ctrl+F5)強制刷新瀏覽器,這樣就不會有緩存數據了。
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