Hadoop安裝

 

1.準備Linux環境
	1.0點擊VMware快捷方式,右鍵打開文件所在位置 -> 雙擊vmnetcfg.exe -> VMnet1 host-only ->修改subnet ip 設置網段:192.168.1.0 子網掩碼:255.255.255.0 -> apply -> ok
		回到windows --> 打開網絡和共享中心 -> 更改適配器設置 -> 右鍵VMnet1 -> 屬性 -> 雙擊IPv4 -> 設置windows的IP:192.168.1.110 子網掩碼:255.255.255.0 -> 點擊肯定
		在虛擬軟件上 --My Computer -> 選中虛擬機 -> 右鍵 -> settings -> network adapter -> host only -> ok	
	1.1修改主機名
		vim /etc/sysconfig/network
		
		NETWORKING=yes 
		HOSTNAME=xp    ###

	1.2修改IP
		兩種方式:
		第一種:經過Linux圖形界面進行修改(強烈推薦)
			進入Linux圖形界面 -> 右鍵點擊右上方的兩個小電腦 -> 點擊Edit connections -> 選中當前網絡System eth0 -> 點擊edit按鈕 -> 選擇IPv4 -> method選擇爲manual -> 點擊add按鈕 -> 添加IP:192.168.1.119 子網掩碼:255.255.255.0 網關:192.168.1.1 -> apply
	
		第二種:修改配置文件方式(屌絲程序猿專用)
			vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
			
			DEVICE="eth0"
			BOOTPROTO="static"           ###
			HWADDR="00:0C:29:3C:BF:E7"
			IPV6INIT="yes"
			NM_CONTROLLED="yes"
			ONBOOT="yes"
			TYPE="Ethernet"
			UUID="ce22eeca-ecde-4536-8cc2-ef0dc36d4a8c"
			IPADDR="192.168.1.44"       ###
			NETMASK="255.255.255.0"      ###
			GATEWAY="192.168.1.1"        ###
			
	1.3修改主機名和IP的映射關係
		vim /etc/hosts
			
		192.168.1.44	xp
	
	1.4關閉防火牆
		#查看防火牆狀態
		service iptables status
		#關閉防火牆
		service iptables stop
		#查看防火牆開機啓動狀態
		chkconfig iptables --list
		#關閉防火牆開機啓動
		chkconfig iptables off
	
	1.5重啓Linux
		reboot
	
2.安裝JDK
	2.1上傳
	
	2.2解壓jdk
		#建立文件夾
		mkdir /usr/java
		#解壓
		tar -zxvf jdk-7u55-linux-i586.tar.gz -C /usr/java/
		
	2.3將java添加到環境變量中
		vim /etc/profile
		#在文件最後添加
		export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_55
		export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
	
		#刷新配置
		source /etc/profile
3.安裝Hadoop
	3.1上傳hadoop安裝包
	
	3.2解壓hadoop安裝包
		mkdir /cloud
		#解壓到/cloud/目錄下
		tar -zxvf hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz -C /cloud/
		
	3.3修改配置文件(5個)
		第一個:hadoop-env.sh
		#在27行修改
		export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_55
		
		第二個:core-site.xml
		<configuration>
			<!-- 指定HDFS老大(namenode)的通訊地址 -->
			<property>
					<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
					<value>hdfs://xp:9000</value>
			</property>
			<!-- 指定hadoop運行時產生文件的存儲路徑 -->
			<property>
					<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
					<value>/cloud/hadoop-2.2.0/tmp</value>
			</property>
		</configuration>
		
		第三個:hdfs-site.xml
		<configuration>
			<!-- 設置hdfs副本數量 -->
			<property>
					<name>dfs.replication</name>
					<value>1</value>
			</property>
		</configuration>
		
		第四個:mapred-site.xml.template 須要重命名: mv mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
		<configuration>
			<!-- 通知框架MR使用YARN -->
			<property>
					<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
					<value>yarn</value>
			</property>
		</configuration>
		
		第五個:yarn-site.xml
		<configuration>
			<!-- reducer取數據的方式是mapreduce_shuffle -->
			<property>
				<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
				<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
			</property>
		</configuration>
	
	3.4將hadoop添加到環境變量
		vim /etc/profile
		
		export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_55
		export HADOOP_HOME=/cloud/hadoop-2.2.0
		export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
	
		source /etc/profile
	3.5格式化HDFS(namenode)第一次使用時要格式化
		hadoop namenode -format(過期)
		hadoop namenode -format
		
	3.6啓動hadoop
		先啓動HDFS
		sbin/start-dfs.sh
		
		再啓動YARN
		sbin/start-yarn.sh
		
	3.7驗證是否啓動成功
		使用jps命令驗證
		27408 NameNode
		28218 Jps
		27643 SecondaryNameNode
		28066 NodeManager
		27803 ResourceManager
		27512 DataNode
	
		http://192.168.1.44:50070  (HDFS管理界面)
		在這個文件中添加linux主機名和IP的映射關係
		C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
		192.168.1.119	itcast
		
		http://192.168.1.44:8088 (MR管理界面)
		
4.配置ssh免登錄
	生成ssh免登錄密鑰
	cd ~,進入到個人home目錄
	cd .ssh/

	ssh-keygen -t rsa (四個回車)
	執行完這個命令後,會生成兩個文件id_rsa(私鑰)、id_rsa.pub(公鑰)
	將公鑰拷貝到要免登錄的機器上
	cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
	或
	ssh-copy-id -i localhost 
	
	
	
異常信息:
	[root@xp sbin]# ./start-all.sh
	This script is Deprecated. Instead use start-dfs.sh and start-yarn.sh
	Starting namenodes on [xp]
	xp: /usr/local/devTools/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin/slaves.sh: line 60: ssh: command not found
	localhost: /usr/local/devTools/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin/slaves.sh: line 60: ssh: command not found
	Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
	0.0.0.0: /usr/local/devTools/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin/slaves.sh: line 60: ssh: command not found
	starting yarn daemons
	resourcemanager running as process 4966. Stop it first.
	localhost: /usr/local/devTools/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/sbin/slaves.sh: line 60: ssh: command not found

	解決方法:
	yum -y install openssh-clients
	
	安裝成功
	[root@xp sbin]# ./start-all.sh
	This script is Deprecated. Instead use start-dfs.sh and start-yarn.sh
	Starting namenodes on [xp]
	root@xp's password:
	xp: namenode running as process 9823. Stop it first.
	root@localhost's password:
	localhost: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/devTools/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-xp.out
	Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
	root@0.0.0.0's password:
	0.0.0.0: secondarynamenode running as process 9430. Stop it first.
	starting yarn daemons
	resourcemanager running as process 4966. Stop it first.
	root@localhost's password:
	localhost: starting nodemanager, logging to /usr/local/devTools/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-xp.out
	[root@xp sbin]# jps
	9430 SecondaryNameNode
	10111 DataNode
	9823 NameNode
	10459 NodeManager
	4966 ResourceManager
	10543 Jps

	
	Browse the filesystem點擊
	http://xp:50075/browseDirectory.jsp?namenodeInfoPort=50070&dir=/&nnaddr=127.0.0.1:9000
	頁面未出現
	解決方法,
	C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\HOSTS
	添加192.168.1.188 xp
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