1. python標準庫ssl可實現加密通訊html
2. ssl庫底層使用openssl,作了面向對像化改造和簡化,但仍是能夠明顯看出openssl的痕跡python
3. 本文先給出python實現的socket通訊,在此基礎上再給出ssl通訊以便讀者更方便地看到socket和ssl在python編程中的區別編程
4. 說到ssl不少人都會想到https,但本質而言ssl是在傳輸層和應用層之間新插入的一個層,根據不一樣層無關原則ssl和https並無任何綁定關係,ssl之上徹底能夠是其餘任何應用層協議(好比pop/imap/telnet等等)服務器
客戶端代碼:socket
import socket class client_class: def send_hello(self): # 與服務端創建鏈接 client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) client_socket.connect(('127.0.0.1',9999)) # 向服務端發送消息 msg = "do i connect with server ?".encode("utf-8") client_socket.send(msg) # 接收服務端返回的消息 msg = client_socket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') print(f"receive msg from server : {msg}") client_socket.close() if __name__ == "__main__": client = client_class() client.send_hello()
服務端代碼:ide
import socket class server_class : def build_listen(self): # 監聽端口 server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) server_socket.bind(('127.0.0.1',9999)) server_socket.listen(5) while True: # 接收客戶端鏈接 client_socket, addr = server_socket.accept() # 接收客戶端信息 msg = client_socket.recv(1024).decode("utf-8") print(f"receive msg from client {addr}:{msg}") # 向客戶端發送信息 msg = f"yes , you have client_socketect with server.\r\n".encode("utf-8") client_socket.send(msg) client_socket.close() if __name__ == "__main__": server = server_class() server.build_listen()
客戶端代碼:post
import socket import ssl class client_ssl: def send_hello(self,): # 生成SSL上下文 context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT) # 加載信任根證書 context.load_verify_locations('cert/ca.crt') # 與服務端創建socket鏈接 with socket.create_connection(('127.0.0.1', 9443)) as sock: # 將socket打包成SSL socket # 必定要注意的是這裏的server_hostname不是指服務端IP,而是指服務端證書中設置的CN,我這裏正好設置成127.0.1而已 with context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname='127.0.0.1') as ssock: # 向服務端發送信息 msg = "do i connect with server ?".encode("utf-8") ssock.send(msg) # 接收服務端返回的信息 msg = ssock.recv(1024).decode("utf-8") print(f"receive msg from server : {msg}") ssock.close() if __name__ == "__main__": client = client_ssl() client.send_hello()
服務端代碼:ui
import socket import ssl class server_ssl: def build_listen(self): # 生成SSL上下文 context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER) # 加載服務器所用證書和私鑰 context.load_cert_chain('cert/server.crt', 'cert/server_rsa_private.pem.unsecure') # 監聽端口 with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0) as sock: sock.bind(('127.0.0.1', 9443)) sock.listen(5) # 將socket打包成SSL socket with context.wrap_socket(sock, server_side=True) as ssock: while True: # 接收客戶端鏈接 client_socket, addr = ssock.accept() # 接收客戶端信息 msg = client_socket.recv(1024).decode("utf-8") print(f"receive msg from client {addr}:{msg}") # 向客戶端發送信息 msg = f"yes , you have client_socketect with server.\r\n".encode("utf-8") client_socket.send(msg) client_socket.close() if __name__ == "__main__": server = server_ssl() server.build_listen()
當前項目結構如圖所示,證書生成可參考:openssl實現雙向認證教程(服務端代碼+客戶端代碼+證書生成)加密
客戶端:spa
服務端:
客戶端:
服務端:
參考:
https://docs.python.org/3/library/ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket