【JDK7】新特性(8) 異步io/AIO

概述
    JDK7引入了Asynchronous I/O。I/O編程中,經常使用到兩種模式:Reactor 和 Proactor。Reactor就是Java的NIO。當有事件觸發時,咱們獲得通知,進行相應的處理。Proactor就是咱們今天要講的 AIO了。AIO進行I/O操做,都是異步處理,當事件完成時,咱們會獲得通知。
    JDK7的 AIO包括網絡和文件操做。二者大同小異,本文經過一個完整的客戶端/服務器Sample來詳細說明aio的網絡操做。
    AIO提供了兩種異步操做的監聽機制。第一種經過返回一個Future對象來事件,調用其get()會等到操做完成。第二種相似於回調函數。在進行異步操做時,傳遞一個CompletionHandler,當異步操做結束時,會調用CompletionHandler.complete 接口 html

範例
    這個範例功能比較簡單,就是客戶端向服務端發送一個「test」命令,而後結束。
    服務端程序 Sever.java
    Java代碼: java

import java.io.IOException;  
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;  
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousServerSocketChannel;  
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;  
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;  
import java.util.concurrent.Future;  
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;  
  
public class Server {  
    private AsynchronousServerSocketChannel server;  
      
    public Server()throws IOException{  
        server = AsynchronousServerSocketChannel.open().bind(new InetSocketAddress(8888));  
    }  
      
    public void start() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException{  
        Future<AsynchronousSocketChannel> future = server.accept();  
        AsynchronousSocketChannel socket = future.get();  
         
        ByteBuffer readBuf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);  
        socket.read(readBuf).get(100, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  
          
        System.out.printf("Receiver:%s%n",new String(readBuf.array()));  
    }  
      
    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{  
        new Server().start();  
    }  
}
    客戶端程序 (Future版本)
    J ava代碼:
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;  
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;  
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;  
  
public class AIOClientWithFuture {  
    private final AsynchronousSocketChannel client;  
      
    public AIOClientWithFuture() throws IOException{  
        client = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open();  
    }  
      
    public void sendMsg() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException{  
        client.connect(new InetSocketAddress("localhost",8888));  
        client.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("test".getBytes())).get();  
    }  
    public static void main(String...args) throws Exception{  
        AIOClientWithFuture client = new AIOClientWithFuture();  
        client.sendMsg();  
    }  
}
    客戶端程序(CompleteHandler版本)
     Java代碼:
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;  
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;  
import java.nio.channels.CompletionHandler;  
  
public class AIOClientWithHandler {  
    private final AsynchronousSocketChannel client ;  
      
    public AIOClientWithHandler() throws Exception{  
       client = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open();  
    }  
      
    public void start()throws Exception{  
        client.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",8888),null,new CompletionHandler<Void,Void>() {  
            @Override  
            public void completed(Void result, Void attachment) {  
                try {  
                    client.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("test".getBytes())).get();  
                } catch (Exception ex) {  
                    ex.printStackTrace();  
                }  
            }  
  
            @Override  
            public void failed(Throwable exc, Void attachment) {  
                exc.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        });  
    }  
      
    public static void main(String args[])throws Exception{  
        new AIOClientWithHandler().start();  
    }  
}


相關類說明:
    AsynchronousSocketChannel 跟 SocketChannel操做相似,只不過改爲異步接口了
    AsynchronousServerSocketChannel跟ServerSocketChannel操做相似,只不過改爲異步接口了
    CompletionHandler 接口包括兩個方法
        void completed(V result, A attachment);
        void failed(Throwable exc, A attachment); 編程

總結:
    本文只是對jdk7的aio使用作了一個簡單的說明。至於其性能提高多少,如何改進現有的網絡應用程序,還在摸索中。這裏推薦一個比較成熟的網絡框架Project Grizzly:http://grizzly.dev.java.net。聽說已經用aio從新實現了,有興趣的同窗能夠去研究一下源碼。 服務器

參考資料:
    (如下有些資料使用的jdk7版本過低,不少接口已經更改了,慎入!:) 網絡

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-nio2-1/index.html? 框架

http://www.iteye.com/topic/446298 異步

http://www.iteye.com/topic/472333 socket

【JDK7】新特性(1)概述:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/94467
【JDK7】新特性(2)語法:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/94473
【JDK7】新特性(3)JDBC4.1:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95070
【JDK7】新特性(4)NIO2.0 文件系統:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95071
【JDK7】新特性(5)fork/join 框架:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95072
【JDK7】新特性(6)監聽文件系統的更改:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95077
【JDK7】新特性(7)監聽文件系統的更改:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95078
【JDK7】新特性(8)異步io/AIO:http://my.oschina.net/zhengjian/blog/95081

原文地址: http://janeky.iteye.com/blog/1073695
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