mysql主從架構

時間 2019-12-28

標籤 mysql 主從架構欄目 MySQL 简体版

原文原文鏈接

############################################################node

##############mysql主從架構#################mysql

Server11.linux

yum install mysql-server -ysql

vim /etc/my.cnf數據庫

log-bin=mysql-bin #啓動二進制日誌系統vim

binlog-do-db=test #二進制須要同步的數據庫名,若是須要同步多個庫,例如要再同步 westos服務器

庫,再添加一行「binlog-do-db=westos」,以此類推session

server-id=3架構

#必須爲 1 到 232–1 之間的一個正整數值app

binlog-ignore-db=mysql #禁止同步 mysql 數據庫

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

Mysql

查看和受權

Server12

yum install mysql-server -y

vim /etc/my.cnf添加兩行

vsymbolic-links=0

server-id=4

驗證受權以後是否能夠登錄

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

Mysql

出現說明成功了

測試

Server11

mysql

登錄server12上的mysql

##############################################################

###############mysql的gtid機制#############

Server11.和server12相同

/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

yum remove mysql-server -y

rm -fr /var/lib/mysql/*

tar xf mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

yum install -y mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password 初始化密碼在這

mysql -p

退出而且關掉mysql

Server11

vim /etc/my.cnf

Server12

vim /etc/my.cnf

兩個服務器都打開mysql

Server11

受權

Server12

查看是否受權成功

添加主服務器的相關信息

mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 172.25.45.11

Master_User: student ####主服務起的IP、用戶名和端口信息

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 450

Relay_Log_File: server12-relay-bin.000002

Relay_Log_Pos: 663

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes IO和SQL線程開啓

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 450

Relay_Log_Space: 873

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 3

Master_UUID: ae5b62c7-1548-11e7-a52c-525400cc54de

Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind:

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Retrieved_Gtid_Set: ae5b62c7-1548-11e7-a52c-525400cc54de:1

Executed_Gtid_Set: ae5b62c7-1548-11e7-a52c-525400cc54de:1

Auto_Position: 1

Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

Channel_Name:

Master_TLS_Version:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

查看 /var/lib/mysql/mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000003

#170330 8:41:02 server id 4 end_log_pos 194 CRC32 0xeb5aadd3 Previous-GTIDs

# ae5b62c7-1548-11e7-a52c-525400cc54de:1-5

兩個gtid應該同樣

Sever11

建立庫而且存入相關信息

Server12查看

主從複製成功

##########mysql主從的半同步和異步傳輸日誌文件數據##########

Mysql版本必須時5.5以上

接下來分別在主庫和從庫執行install plugin 命令加載插件，而且開啓半同步插件，查看插件的安裝狀況

主庫

從庫

安裝狀況

Rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout表示主庫等待從庫的超時時間，若是在時間內沒有收到從庫迴應，複製切換到異步模式

在從庫上中止io線程，在此時主庫內同步數據，在10秒內自動切換到異步同步數據

然而下次繼續同步數據時，便不用在等待，直接爲異步同步，若打開從庫的io線程，主庫又恢復半同步複製數據

在mysql啓動前將全局變量寫入到配置文件中，以避免忘記設置使半同步不生效

主庫配置文件

[mysqld]

rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1

rpl__semi_sync_master_timeout=10000 ###10秒

從庫配置文件

[mysqld]

rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1

主庫:

mysql> show global variables like '%rpl_semi%';

+-------------------------------------------+------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-------------------------------------------+------------+

| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | ON |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout | 10000 |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level | 32 |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count | 1 |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point | AFTER_SYNC |

+-------------------------------------------+------------+

6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

##IO線程關閉後，半同步狀態檢測的延時（10000ms）

mysql> show global status like '%rpl_semi%';

+--------------------------------------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------------------------+-------+

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status | ON |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx | 0 |

+--------------------------------------------+-------+

主庫

mysql> show global variables like '%rpl_semi%';

+-------------------------------------------+------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-------------------------------------------+------------+

| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | OFF |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout | 10000 |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level | 32 |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count | 1 |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON |

| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point | AFTER_SYNC |

| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON |

| rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 |

+-------------------------------------------+------------+

8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> show global status like '%rpl_semi%';

+--------------------------------------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------------------------+-------+

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times | 1 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status | OFF |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx | 0 |

| Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status | OFF |

+--------------------------------------------+-------+

############sql線程的並行（多）線程##############

IO線程用於同步日誌二進制文件數據

sql線程（本來爲單線程）用於回放日誌，將二進制文件的在slave上進行再次操做。sql線程在slave上

vim /etc/my.cnf##添加

15 slave-parallel-type=LOGICAL_CLOCK

16 slave-parallel-workers=16

17 master_info_repository=TABLE

18 relay_log_info_repository=TABLE

19 relay_log_recovery=ON

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

mysql -p

Msyql-proxy讀寫分離

1.mysql proxy

tar -zxf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit.tar.gz

mv mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit /usr/local/mysql-proxy

cd /usr/local/mysql-proxy

mkdir lua

Mkdir logs

cp /share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua ./lua

cp /share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin-sql.lua ./lua

vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy.conf

[mysql-proxy]

user=root

admin-username=proxy

admin-password=Westos+007

proxy-address=172.25.45.13:4040

proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=172.25.45.12

proxy-backend-addresses=172.25.45.11

proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lua/rw-splitting.lua

#admin-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lua/admin-sql.lua

log-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/logs/mysql-proxy.log

log-level=info

daemon=true

keepalive=true

chmod 660 /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy.conf

vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/lua/rw-splitting.lua

if not proxy.global.config.rwsplit then

proxy.global.config.rwsplit = {

min_idle_connections = 1,

max_idle_connections = 1,

is_debug = false

改成1，方便測試

啓動MYSQL-PROXY

/usr/lo/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy.conf

netstat -tupln | grep 4040

測試讀寫分離

主服務器

grant all on *.* to proxy@'172.25.45.13' identified by 'Westos+007';

使用客戶端鏈接mysql-proxy

mysql -u proxy -h 172.25.45.13 -P 4041 -pWestos+007

################MHA###############3

在作好mysql的gtid機制和半同步的基礎上

Server1：172.25.45.11 master

Server2：172.25.45.12slave（主從）

Server4：172.25.45.13 slave 從

Server5：172.25.45.14 manager

1.配置三臺機子ssh無密碼鏈接：

ssh-keygen ##每臺機子都要生成本身的公祕鑰對

ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.45.12

ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.45.13

ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.45.14

每臺機子都要作上述操做

2.安裝mha

全部節點都要安裝

yum install -y perl-DBD-MySQL

rpm -ivh mha4mysql-node-0.54-0.el6.noarch.rpm

管理節點

yum install -y perl-DBD-MySQL perl-Config-Tiny perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager

rpm -ivh mha4mysql-manager-0.55-0.el6.noarch.rpm

配置mysql的主從replication：

主從服務器都須要有 vim /etc/my.cnf

binlog-do-db=test

replication-do-db=test

其中在從服務器的配置還須要多添加一行：

Relay_log_purge=0

通常狀況下，主服務器須要包含binlog-do-db=test，從服務器須要包含replicate-do-db=test，這樣主從就能夠同步了。可是隻是這樣配置的話，會報如下錯誤

All log-bin enabled servers must have same binlog filtering rules (same binlog-do-db and binlog-ignore-db). Check SHOW MASTER STATUS output and set my.cnf correctly

3.配置mha manage

1，添加管理帳號，每臺機器都執行如下操做

grant all privileges on *.* to lzt@'172.25.45.%' identified by 'Westos+007';

flush privileges;

2，配置/etc/mha/app1.cnf，只在管理端作，manage這臺機器

mkdir /etc/mha

mkdir -p /var/log/mha/app1

vim /etc/mha/app1.cnf ##配置以下:

[server default]

manager_log=/var/log/mha/app1/manager.log

manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/app1.log

master_binlog_dir=/var/lib/mysql