HttpURLConnection的get/post+服務端

時間  2019-12-14
標籤 httpurlconnection post 服務 欄目 HTTP/TCP 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

httpURLConnection使用get方法發送少許請求參數數據到後臺，後臺到數據庫獲取數據。html

  • 一開始並沒能獲取到後臺數據老是報出這樣的錯：
  •  Note: further occurrences of HTTP request parsing errors will be logged at DEBUG level.
    java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Invalid character found in the request target. The valid characters are defined in RFC 7230 and RFC 3986
  • 後來網上查找了資料，說是Tomcat9.0版本後出了新規定，對URL的書寫更加嚴格，只接收英文字母和數字和一些特殊字符，這裏請求的參數是中文因此不行，當通過把中文編碼後變成相似：
  • %DEC887%SDW3324%的形式發送出去就能夠接收。因而寫了以下代碼

鏈接地址和參數：java

           String name="唐靜姝";
            String sex="女";
            try {
        //tomcat9版本不接收連接地址中的中文字符，須要進行編碼才能接收
                name=URLEncoder.encode(name, "utf-8");
                sex=URLEncoder.encode(sex, "utf-8");
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
            //?號隔開地址和參數，參數和參數間用&鏈接
            String Url=arg0[0]+"?name="+name+"&sex="+sex;sql

HTTP的get方法

安卓端的主要部分代碼：數據庫

/**
 * 
 * @author httpURLConnection的get方法獲取數據庫數據
 *
 */
public class PersonGetActivity  extends Activity{ 
	TextView tv_name,tv_gender,tv_age,tv_hight;
	String URL="http://ly-and-tl.uicp.cn:42696/AndroidServer/HttpURLConnection";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    	// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    	super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    	setContentView(R.layout.item);
    	init();
    	new TASK().execute(URL);
    }
    
    void init(){
    	tv_name=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
    	tv_gender=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_gender);
    	tv_age=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_age);
    	tv_hight=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_hight);
    }
    
    class TASK  extends  AsyncTask<String, Void, Person>{
    	
		@Override
		protected void onPostExecute(Person result) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			if(result!=null){
				tv_name.setText(result.getName());
				tv_gender.setText(result.getSex());
				tv_age.setText(String.valueOf(result.getAge()));
				tv_hight.setText(String.valueOf(result.getHight()));
			}
		}

		@SuppressWarnings("finally")
		@Override
		protected Person doInBackground(String... arg0) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			Person person=null;
			//輸入參數的設置不一樣點
			String name="唐靜姝";
			String sex="女";
			try {
		//tomcat9版本不接收連接地址中的中文字符，須要進行編碼才能接收
				name=URLEncoder.encode(name, "utf-8");
				sex=URLEncoder.encode(sex, "utf-8");
			} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e1.printStackTrace();
			}
			//?號隔開地址和參數，參數和參數間用&鏈接
			String Url=arg0[0]+"?name="+name+"&sex="+sex;
			String  str=null;
			StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
			
			try {
				URL url=new URL(Url);
				HttpURLConnection  httpconn=(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
				httpconn.setRequestMethod("GET");
				httpconn.setReadTimeout(5000);
				//發送請求
				InputStream inputStream=httpconn.getInputStream();
				InputStreamReader inputReader=new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
				BufferedReader buff=new BufferedReader(inputReader);
				while((str=buff.readLine())!=null){
					sb.append(str);
				}
				Gson gson=new Gson();
				String ss=new String(sb);
				System.out.println(ss);
	            person=gson.fromJson(ss, new TypeToken<Person>(){}.getType());
	            System.out.println(person.getName());
			} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}finally{
				return person;
			}
		}
    }
}

服務端的代碼:json

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO 自動生成的方法存根
		//Request.getParameter()也能夠接收到安卓端的參數
		String name=req.getParameter("name");
		String sex=req.getParameter("sex");
		Connection con=null;
		ResultSet result=null;
		PreparedStatement prep=null;
		String sql="select * from stu_info where name=? and sex=?";
		StudentHealthJavaBean student=null;
		con=DataBaseConnection.getConnection();
		if(con!=null) {
			try {
				prep=con.prepareStatement(sql);
				prep.setString(1, name);
				prep.setString(2, sex);
				result=prep.executeQuery();
				if(result.next()) {
					student=new StudentHealthJavaBean();
					student.setName(result.getString("name"));
					student.setAge(result.getInt("age"));
					student.setId(result.getString("id"));
					student.setSex(result.getString("sex"));
					student.setHight(result.getFloat("hight"));
					student.setWeight(result.getFloat("weight"));
				}
				Gson json=new Gson();
				String str=json.toJson(student);
				resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
				PrintWriter p=resp.getWriter();
				p.println(str);
				DataBaseConnection.closeDatabaseConnection(con, prep, result);
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				// TODO 自動生成的 catch 塊
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}

http的post方法:

安卓端主要部分代碼顯示：數組

public class PersonPostActivity  extends Activity{ 
	TextView textView;
	String URL="http://ly-and-tl.uicp.cn:42696/AndroidServer/HttpURLConnection";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    	// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    	super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    	setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textView=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
    	new TASK().execute(URL);
    }
 
    class TASK  extends  AsyncTask<String, Void,String>{
    	
    	@Override
		protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			super.onPostExecute(result);
			textView.setText(result);
		}

		@SuppressWarnings("finally")
		protected String doInBackground(String... arg0) {
			//輸出手機屬性
			Properties propertys=System.getProperties();
			propertys.list(System.out);
			//找到其中的encoding看手機編碼
			StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			//輸入參數的設置不一樣點
			String name="俾路支";
			String sex="男";
			String id="13";
			int age=25;
			float hight=165;
			float weight=98;
			//?號隔開地址和參數，參數和參數間用&鏈接
			String Url=arg0[0];
//post和get的不一樣之處在這裏			
String property="id="+id+"&name="+name+"&sex="+sex+"&age="+age+"&hight="+hight+"&weight="+weight;
			String  str=null;
			
			try {
				URL url=new URL(Url);
				HttpURLConnection  httpconn=(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
				httpconn.setRequestMethod("POST");//區別
				httpconn.setReadTimeout(5000);
//post和get的不一樣之處				
				OutputStream outs=httpconn.getOutputStream();
                            outs.write(property.getBytes("UTF-8"));
				//發送請求
				InputStream inputStream=httpconn.getInputStream();
				InputStreamReader inputReader=new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
				BufferedReader buff=new BufferedReader(inputReader);
				while((str=buff.readLine())!=null){
					sb.append(str);
				}
		       if("插入成功!".equals(sb))
		    	   System.out.println("插入成功!");
				textView.setText(sb);
			} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}finally{
				return new String(sb);
			}
		}
    }
}

服務端主要部分代碼展現：tomcat

@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO 自動生成的方法存根
		//super.doPost(req, resp);
		String id=req.getParameter("id");
		//由於服務器端的首選編碼是iso-8859-1，不是utf-8
		//先按照系統默認編碼把它轉成字節數組，而後再把數組轉成字符串
		id=new String(id.getBytes(),"utf-8");
		String name=req.getParameter("name");
		name=new String(name.getBytes(),"utf-8");
		String sex=req.getParameter("sex");
		sex=new String(sex.getBytes(),"utf-8");
		System.out.println(name+sex);
		int age=Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("age"));
		float weight=Float.parseFloat(req.getParameter("weight"));
		float hight=Float.parseFloat(req.getParameter("hight"));
		Connection con=null;
		PreparedStatement prep=null;
		ResultSet result=null;
		String sql="insert into stu_info(id,name,sex,age,weight,hight) values(?,?,?,?,?,?)";
		con=DataBaseConnection.getConnection();
		if(con!=null) {
			try {
				prep=con.prepareStatement(sql);
				prep.setString(1, id);
				prep.setString(2, name);
				prep.setString(3, sex);
				prep.setInt(4, age);
				prep.setFloat(5, weight);
				prep.setFloat(6, hight);
				int n=prep.executeUpdate();
				if(n!=0)System.out.println("插入成功！");
				resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
				//設置這個頁面的編碼格式，若是不設置在這個頁面會顯示亂碼
				//resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=");
				PrintWriter p=resp.getWriter();
				p.println("插入成功!");
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				// TODO 自動生成的 catch 塊
				e.printStackTrace();
			}finally {
				DataBaseConnection.closeDatabaseConnection(con, prep, result);
			}
		}
	}
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