Spring框架學習10——JDBC Template 實現數據庫操做

爲了簡化持久化操做，Spring在JDBC API之上提供了JDBC Template組件。

一、添加依賴

添加Spring核心依賴，MySQL驅動

<!--Spring核心基礎依賴-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
  <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
  <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
  <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
  <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- AOP聯盟依賴 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
  <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
  <version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
  <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mysql驅動 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  <version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
  <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
  <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

二、配置數據源

在applicationContext.xml文件中配置數據源

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--配置數據源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <!--MySQL數據庫驅動-->
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <!--鏈接數據庫的URL-->
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/library?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"></property>
        <!--鏈接數據庫的用戶名-->
        <property name="username" value="root"></property>
        <!--鏈接數據庫的密碼-->
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--配置JDBC模板-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

三、update方法

使用update方法對數據進行增刪改操做
獲取JdbcTemplate對象

private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

{
    ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate) app.getBean("jdbcTemplate");
}

添加數據

String sql = "insert into book(name,author,price) values(?,?,?)";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,new Object[]{"西遊記","吳承恩",90.8});

修改數據

String sql = "update book set name=?,author=?,price=? where id=?";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,"紅樓夢","曹雪芹",100,1);

刪除數據

String sql = "delete from book where id=?";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,1);

批量操做數據，批量執行多SQL語句

String[] sqls = {
        "insert into book(name,author,price) values('Java基礎','張三',90)",
        "insert into book(name,author,price) values('C語言','李四',80)",
        "insert into book(name,author,price) values('Web前端','王五',95)",
        "update book set name='水滸傳',author='施耐庵' where id=1",
};
jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sqls);

批量操做數據，執行同SQL語句

String sql = "insert into book(name,author,price) values(?,?,?)";
List<Object[]> list = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
list.add(new Object[]{"HTML","Tom",90.8});
list.add(new Object[]{"CSS","Jack",88});
list.add(new Object[]{"JavaScript","Lily",89});
jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql,list);

四、查詢簡單類型

查詢單個數據

String sql = "select count(*) from book";
int count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,Integer.class);
System.out.println(count);

查詢多個數據

String sql = "select name from book where price=?";
List<String> list = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql,String.class,90);
System.out.println(list);

五、查詢複雜類型（封裝爲Map）

查詢單個對象

String sql = "select * from book where id=?";
Map<String,Object> map = jdbcTemplate.queryForMap(sql,2);
System.out.println(map);

查詢多個對象

String sql = "select * from book";
List<Map<String,Object>> list =jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
System.out.println(list);

六、查詢複雜類型（封裝爲實體對象）

建立實體類

public class Book {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private double price;
    //getter、setter、toString方法
}

查詢單個對象

String sql = "select * from book where id=?";
Book book = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Book>(Book.class),2);
System.out.println(book);

查詢多個對象

String sql = "select * from book";
List<Book> list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Book>(Book.class));
System.out.println(list);