上一篇中防火牆上下行業務口工做在二層,VGMP能夠經過VRRP來監控接口狀態。那麼若是上下行接口工做在三層,那麼VGMP顯然不能經過VRRP來監控接口狀態此時就須要VGMP直接監控接口狀態。session
實驗拓撲負載均衡
環境描述ide
全網運行OSPF宣告在區域0中,將FW1和FW2的G0/0/0的接口加入到VRRP 1中,G0/0/1接口加入到DMZ區域G0/0/2接口加入到untrust區域。oop
IP地址:R1 loopback:1.1.1.1/32學習
R2 loopback:2.2.2.2/32
測試
FW1 loopback:100.100.100.100/32
ui
FW2 loopback:200.200.200.200/32
spa
因爲主要講防火牆因此IP地址和OSPF配置省略router
FW1配置blog
-----------------------------將接口加入對應的區域----------------------------
[FW1]firewall zone trust
[FW1-zone-trust]add int g0/0/0
[FW1-zone-trust]quit
[FW1]firewall zone dmz
[FW1-zone-dmz]add int g0/0/1
[FW1-zone-dmz]quit
[FW1]firewall zone untrust
[FW1-zone-untrust]add int g0/0/2
[FW1-zone-untrust]quit
------------------------------------配置接口IP-------------------------------
[FW1]int g0/0/0
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 11.0.0.1 24
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.10.10.1 24
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 13.0.0.1 24
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[FW1-LoopBack0]ip add 100.100.100.100 32
[FW1-LoopBack0]quit
---------------------------配置OSPF------------------------------------------------
[FW1]ospf 1 router-id 100.100.100.100
[FW1-ospf-1]area 0
[FW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.100.100.100 0.0.0.0
[FW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 11.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
[FW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 13.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
[FW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[FW1-ospf-1]quit
----------------------------配置區域間策略--------------------------------------------
[FW1]policy interzone local untrust inbound
[FW1-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound]policy 1
[FW1-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound-1]policy source 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[FW1-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound-1]action permit
[FW1-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound-1]quit
[FW1-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound]quit
[FW1]policy interzone trust untrust outbound
[FW1-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound]policy 1
[FW1-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound-1]action permit
[FW1-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound-1]quit
[FW1-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound]quit
----------------------------配置雙機熱備-------------------------------------------
[FW1]hrp enable //開啓HRP功能
[FW1]hrp mirror session enable //開啓會話快速備份
[FW1]hrp int g0/0/1 //指定心跳接口
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]hrp track master //配置VGMP監聽端口並配置爲主
HRP_M[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1
HRP_M[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]hrp track master
FW2配置
[FW2]firewall zone trust
[FW2-zone-trust]add int g0/0/0
[FW2-zone-trust]quit
[FW2]firewall zone dmz
[FW2-zone-dmz]add int g0/0/1
[FW2-zone-dmz]quit
[FW2]firewall zone untrust
[FW2-zone-untrust]add int g0/0/2
[FW2-zone-untrust]quit
[FW2]int g0/0/0
[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 24
[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.10.10.2 24
[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 22.0.0.1 24
[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[FW2]int loo 0
[FW2-LoopBack0]ip add 200.200.200.200 32
[FW2-LoopBack0]quit
[FW2]ospf 1 router-id 200.200.200.200
[FW2-ospf-1]area 0
[FW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 200.200.200.200 0.0.0.0
[FW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 12.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
[FW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 22.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
[FW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[FW2-ospf-1]quit
[FW2]policy interzone trust untrust outbound
[FW2-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound]policy 1
[FW2-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound-1]action permit
[FW2-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound-1]quit
[FW2-policy-interzone-trust-untrust-outbound]quit
[FW2]policy interzone local untrust inbound
[FW2-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound]policy 1
[FW2-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound-1]policy source 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[FW2-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound-1]action permit
[FW2-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound-1]quit
[FW2-policy-interzone-local-untrust-inbound]quit
[FW2]hrp enable
[FW2]hrp mirror session enable
[FW2]hrp auto-sync
[FW2]hrp int g0/0/1
HRP_S[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]hrp track slave
HRP_S[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]hrp track
HRP_S[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
HRP_S[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]hrp track slave
HRP_S[FW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
因爲在這個圖中R1學習R2的路由開銷都是同樣的,因此默認學到的R1的路由都會負載均衡(如圖)。這樣會出現數據包來回路徑不一致的問題,解決這個問題有2種辦法一種是手動修改R1和R2的cost值還一種是經過配置防火牆來動態的修改OSPF的cost值。
修改前的路由表
經過修改防火牆的配置來動態調整cost值
在FW1和FW2上分別加入這條命令
HRP_M[FW1]hrp ospf-cost adjust-enable //動態調整OSPF值,默認狀況下備用設備的COST值將自動修改成65500
修改後的路由表
會發現全部到R2的流量都走FW1走,到FW2的流量cost都爲65501
流量測試
C1 ping C2
流量倒換測試
關閉FW1上行口
會發現丟了一個包後業務恢復正常
總結:和上下行鏈接交換機相比,網關不用在作在防火牆上了,防火牆上只是作了一個會話的快速備份。