springboot2.1.3+Junit4 單元測試

引入依賴的包：

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
      <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.23.4</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
    <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito2</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.2</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
    <artifactId>powermock-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.2</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
    <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.2</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

 

MockMvc + PowerMock + Mockito 來模擬post get請求，並mock掉service中存在doGet doPost外部系統的restful請求

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class) @PowerMockRunnerDelegate(SpringRunner.class) @prepareForTest({ HttpUtil.class             // doGet doPost 使用util類，這裏須要告訴UT
}) @PowerMockIgnore("javax.crypto.*") @AutoConfigureMockMvc @SpringBootTest public class DemoSzlTest { @Autowired private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext; private MockMvc mockMvc; @Before public void setUp() throws Exceptioin { MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this); // 初始化裝載powerMockito
           mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build(); } @Test @DirtiesContext public void testPostDemo() throws Exception { // mock HttpResponse 對象返回
            StringEntity se = new StringEntity("xxxxxx", "utf-8"); HttpResponse resp = new BasicHttpResponse(new BasicStatusLine(HttpVersion.Http_1_1, HttpServletResponse.SC_OK, "")); resp.setEntity(se); PowerMockito.mockStatic(HttpUtil.class);
 // 這裏的 Mockito.anyString() 要和 實際方法參數保持一致
 PowerMockite.when(HttpUtil.doGet(Mockito.anyString(), Mockito.anyMap(), Mockito.any())).thenReturn(resp); // 這裏不 mock方法，直接走真實場景方法
 PowerMockito.when(HttpUtil.toJson(Mockito.anyObject())).thenCallRealMethod();
 // body contents
           String jsonBody = "{\"aaaa\":\"1111\"}"; String token = "xxxxx"; MvcResult resultMsg = mockMvc.perform( post("/xxx") .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE) .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE) .header("xxxxx", token) .content(jsonBody) // request body ).andExpect(status().isCeated()) .andReturn(); }


    @Test
    @DirtiesContext
    public void contextLoads() throws Exception {
        // 這裏定義的 header 值 必需要和service層使用的值保持一致，不然powerMock mock時會有問題
        // 其實也很好理解，既然要mock，那就作到真實一點，一切都保持如出一轍便可。
        Header[] header = {
                new BasicHeader("Authorization", "aaabbbccc"), 
                new BasicHeader("Content-Type", "application/json")
            };
        
        // 手動建立HttpResponse，來模式http請求的返回值
        StringEntity se = new StringEntity("{"
                + "\"memo\":\"這個只是demo式樣\"}", "utf-8");
        HttpResponse resp = new BasicHttpResponse(new BasicStatusLine(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, 
                HttpServletResponse.SC_OK, ""));
        resp.setEntity(se);
        
        // 和上面說明一致
        StringEntity se2 = new StringEntity("{"
                + "\"memo\":\"這個只是demo2式樣\"}", "utf-8");
        HttpResponse resp2 = new BasicHttpResponse(new BasicStatusLine(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, 
                HttpServletResponse.SC_OK, ""));
        resp2.setEntity(se2);
        
        // 開始mock咱們想要的靜態方法，此處是mock post請求並返回上面咱們mock的值
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(HttpUtil.class);
        /**
         * 本人是爲了達到一個service裏連續調用2次post請求，但2次請求內容不一樣，返回結果也不一樣，進行mock
         * Mockito.eq("/aaa")               是mock值
         * Mockito.eq("aaabbb")             是mock值
         * Mockito.any(header.getClass())   是mock Header[]值
         */
        PowerMockito.when(HttpUtil.doPost(Mockito.eq("/aaa"), Mockito.eq("aaabbb"), Mockito.any(header.getClass()))).thenReturn(resp);
        PowerMockito.when(HttpUtil.doPost(Mockito.eq("/bbb"), Mockito.eq("cccddd"), Mockito.any(header.getClass()))).thenReturn(resp2);
        
        String jsonBody = "{\"aaaa\":\"1111\"}";
        String token = "xxxxx";
        MvcResult resultMsg = mockMvc.perform(
                 post("/testUTDemo")
                 .header("Authorization", token)
                 .content(jsonBody)    // request body 
        ).andExpect(status().isCreated()).andReturn();
    } }

 

Controller類:

package com.szl.demo.szldemo.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.szl.demo.szldemo.common.dto.UserDto; import com.szl.demo.szldemo.service.UserService; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; @Slf4j @Controller public class DemoController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = "/testUTDemo", method = RequestMethod.POST) public UserDto testUTDemo(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { return userService.testDemoUnitTest(); } }

 

Service接口：

package com.szl.demo.szldemo.service; import com.szl.demo.szldemo.common.dto.UserDto; public interface UserService { UserDto testDemoUnitTest(); }

 

Service實現類：

package com.szl.demo.szldemo.service.impl; import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils; import org.apache.http.Header; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.szl.demo.szldemo.common.dto.UserDto; import com.szl.demo.szldemo.common.util.HttpUtil; import com.szl.demo.szldemo.service.UserService; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; @Slf4j @Service("userService") public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { public UserDto testDemoUnitTest() { try { Header[] header = { new BasicHeader("Authorization", "aaabbbccc"), new BasicHeader("Content-Type", "application/json") }; 
 // 此處的代碼塊也是mock的重點 HttpResponse resp = HttpUtil.doPost("/aaa", "aaabbb", header); HttpEntity entity = resp.getEntity(); String msg = IOUtils.toString(entity.getContent(), "UTF-8"); log.info("msg: " + msg);
 // 同上 HttpResponse resp2 = HttpUtil.doPost("/bbb", "cccddd", header); HttpEntity entity2 = resp2.getEntity(); String msg2 = IOUtils.toString(entity2.getContent(), "UTF-8"); log.info("msg2: " + msg2); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } 
 // 這裏隨便賦值並返回，主要不是看這裏的功能 UserDto dto = new UserDto(); dto.setId(1001L); dto.setNickName("test"); dto.setUserId(10000001L); return dto; } }

 

HttpUtil.java類：

public class HttpUtil { public static HttpResponse doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params, Header[] headers) { ..... 這裏省略 }
 
 public static JsonObject toJson(HttpResponse httpResponse) {
 ..... 
 這裏省略
 }
  public static HttpResponse doPost(String url, String params, Header[] header) {
        // 這裏只是爲了演示，手動建立StringEntity並賦值，手動建立HttpResponse並返回
        HttpResponse resp = new BasicHttpResponse(new BasicStatusLine(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpStatus.SC_OK, null));
        StringEntity se1 = new StringEntity("{"
                + "\"alg\":\"aqas\","
                + "\"id\":\"122011\"}", "utf-8");
        resp.setEntity(se1);
        return resp;
 } }

 

UserDto類: 

package com.szl.demo.szldemo.common.dto; import java.io.Serializable; import lombok.Data; @Data public class UserDto implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -8858511759866491158L; private Long id; private Long userId; private String nickName; }

 

 

好了，讓咋們來試試上面的UT跑出什麼結果，以下圖：

 

OK， 大功告成，若有博友須要，供參考，需轉發，請註明引自連接，謝謝。

 

另附上額外功能，若是有朋友須要在UT裏按順序執行，須要加註解：

@FixMethodOrder(xxx)

這裏的xxx有三種模式：

- 默認（MethodSorters.DEFAULT）
- 按方法名（MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING）
- JVM（MethodSorters.JVM）

一開始本人使用JVM模式，雖然能達到預期，但運行不太穩定，本人仍是推薦你們使用NAME_ASCENDING模式

 

若有朋友參考本人的筆記，有問題能夠留言，轉載請註明原著，謝謝。