做爲Hadoop初學者,天然要從安裝入手。而hadoop的優點就是分佈式,因此,也必定要安裝分佈式的系統。java
總體安裝步驟,包括Zookeeper+HDFS+Hbase,爲了文章簡潔,我會分三篇blog記錄個人安裝步驟。node
本文記錄的是集羣環境準備,zookeeper的安裝步驟。python
~~~~~~~~~~~環境準備部分~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~linux
IP部署規劃(準備了三個虛擬機,操做系統是Centos6.7)sql
Zookeeper主機分配apache
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192.168.67.101 c6701
192.168.67.102 c6702
192.168.67.103 c6703
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HDFS主機分配bash
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192.168.67.101 c6701
--Namenode+datanode
192.168.67.102 c6702
--datanode
192.168.67.103 c6703
--datanode
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Hbase主機分配session
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192.168.67.101 c6701
--Master + region
192.168.67.102 c6702
--region
192.168.67.103 c6703
--region
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1. 爲了分別管理各個服務,我爲每一個服務,都單首創建了用戶.ssh
建立的用戶有:socket
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zk
hdfs
hbase
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2. 爲每個用戶建立ssh免密,並分發到所有節點,這樣,我就只在C6701上執行命令,經過遠程的方式安裝C6702和C6703
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ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
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拷貝密鑰到所有節點便可(只有c6701訪問02和03不須要密碼,反向訪問是須要密碼的)
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ssh-copy-id c6701
ssh-copy-id c6702
ssh-copy-id c6703
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3. 強調一下,/etc/hosts 須要設置
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[root@c6701 ~]# more /etc/hosts
192.168.67.101 c6701.org c6701
192.168.67.102 c6702.org c6702
192.168.67.103 c6703.org c6703
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4. 下面在C6701執行,中間會調用ssh遠程執行一些命令,驗證ssh免密是否生效
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ssh c6702
"cat /proc/cpuinfo"
ssh c6702
"hostname"
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5. 下載安裝軟件(內網地址)
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cd /tmp/software
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/hbase-1.1.3.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/hadoop-2.6.0-EDH-0u2.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz
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6. 安裝JDK,所有節點都要安裝
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#tar -xzvf jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/
local
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7. 添加下面信息到.bash_profile
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export JAVA_HOME=/usr/
local
/jdk1.8.0_144
export JRE_HOME=/usr/
local
/jdk1.8.0_144/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
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8. 檢查版本信息
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# java -version
java version
"1.8.0_144"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_144-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-
Bit
Server VM (build 25.144-b01, mixed mode)
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~~~~~~~~~~~zookeeper的安裝部分~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. 在C6701安裝Zookeeper
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useradd zk
echo
"zk:zk"
| chpasswd
su - zk
mkdir zk
tar -zxvf /tmp/software/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/zk/zk
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~zoo.cfg的配置~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
$ pwd
/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg
$ cat /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg |grep -v
'^#'
tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/data/zookeeper/data
dataLogDir=/data/zookeeper/log
clientPort=2181
autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
autopurge.purgeInterval=6
server.1=c6701:2888:3888
server.2=c6702:2888:3888
server.3=c6703:2888:3888
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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2. 根據zoo.cfg建立data和log兩個文件夾
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#mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/data
#mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/log
#chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper
#chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/data
#chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/log
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3.在zookeeper的目錄中,建立上述兩個文件夾。進入zkdata文件夾,建立文件myid,填入1。這裏寫入的1,是在zoo.cfg文本中的server.1中的1。當咱們把全部文件都配置完畢,咱們把hadoop1中yarn目錄複製到其它機器中,咱們在修改每臺機器中對應的myid文本,hadoop2中的myid寫入2。其他節點,安照上面配置,依此寫入相應的數字。Zkdatalog文件夾,是爲了指定zookeeper產生日誌指定相應的路徑。
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# su - zk -c
"echo 1 > /data/zookeeper/data/myid"
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4. 添加環境變量,在/etc/profile目錄中,將ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin在原有的PATH後面加入":$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin"
關於環境變量修改/etc目錄下的profile文件,也能夠在根目錄下的.bashrc目錄下添加環境變量。這二者有什麼區別:.bashrc是對當前目錄用戶的環境變量,profile文件是對全部用戶都開放的目錄。當系統加載文件中,先從profile找相應的路勁,若是沒有會在.bashrc文件中找對應的環境變量路徑。這二者你們稍至瞭解。
而後 source /etc/profile
5. 安裝c6702的zookeeper
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#ssh c6702
"useradd zk"
#ssh c6702
"echo "
zk:zk
" | chpasswd"
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爲zk用戶ssh免密
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#ssh-copy-id zk@c6702
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拷貝軟件
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#scp -r /tmp/software/hadoop-* root@c6702:/tmp/software
#ssh c6702
"chmod 777 /tmp/software/*"
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建立目錄,解壓軟件
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#ssh zk@c6702
"mkdir zk"
#ssh zk@c6702
"tar -zxvf /tmp/software/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/zk/zk"
#ssh zk@c6702
"ls -al zk"
#ssh zk@c6702
"ls -al zk/zookeeper*"
#ssh zk@c6702
"rm /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg"
#scp -r /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg zk@c6702:/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/.
#ssh zk@c6702
"cat /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg |grep -v '^#'"
根據zoo.cfg建立目錄
#ssh c6702
"mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/data"
#ssh c6702
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper"
#ssh c6702
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/data"
#ssh c6702
"mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/log"
#ssh c6702
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/log"
建立文件myid,填入2
ssh zk@c6702
"echo 2 > /data/zookeeper/data/myid"
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6. 安裝c6703的zookeeper
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#ssh c6703
"useradd zk"
#ssh c6703
"echo "
zk:zk
" | chpasswd"
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爲zk用戶ssh免密
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ssh-copy-id zk@c6703
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拷貝軟件
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#scp -r /tmp/software/hadoop-* root@c6703:/tmp/software
#ssh c6703
"chmod 777 /tmp/software/*"
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建立目錄,解壓軟件
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#ssh zk@c6703
"mkdir zk"
#ssh zk@c6703
"tar -zxvf /tmp/software/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/zk/zk"
#ssh zk@c6703
"ls -al zk"
#ssh zk@c6703
"ls -al zk/zookeeper*"
#ssh zk@c6703
"rm /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg"
#scp -r /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg zk@c6703:/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/.
#ssh zk@c6703
"cat /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg |grep -v '^#'"
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根據zoo.cfg建立目錄
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#ssh c6703
"mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/data"
#ssh c6703
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper"
#ssh c6703
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/data"
#ssh c6703
"mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/log"
#ssh c6703
"chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/log"
建立文件myid,填入3
ssh zk@c6703
"echo 3 > /data/zookeeper/data/myid"
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7. 啓動ZK
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/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh start
/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh status
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遠程啓動命令
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ssh zk@c6702
"/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ start"
ssh zk@c6703
"/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ start"
ssh zk@c6702
"/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ status"
ssh zk@c6703
"/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ status"
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8. 沒有所有啓動三個ZK前的狀態
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[vagrant@c7003 bin]$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled
by
default
Using config: /home/vagrant/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Error contacting service. It
is
probably
not
running.
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9. 須要將三個ZK全啓動以後,才能選舉出leader
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$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled
by
default
Using config: /home/vagrant/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower
[vagrant@c7002 bin]$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled
by
default
Using config: /home/vagrant/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader
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=======2018.1.13更新==========
客戶端鏈接方式
客戶端是隨機順序的方式鏈接server的,沒法指定,或者優先讀哪一個一個zookeeper server。
./zkCli.sh -server c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
輸出以下:
第一次鏈接,鏈接到c6701上
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[zookeeper@c6702 bin]$ /usr/
local
/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkCli.sh -server c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
Connecting
to
c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
......
2018-01-11 21:07:30,797 [myid:] - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client
connection
, connectString=c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@4b4bc1e
Welcome
to
ZooKeeper!
2018-01-11 21:07:30,830 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6701.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@975] - Opening socket
connection
to
server c6701.python279.org/192.168.67.101:2181. Will
not
attempt
to
authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
JLine support
is
enabled
2018-01-11 21:07:30,873 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6701.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@852] - Socket
connection
established
to
c6701.python279.org/192.168.67.101:2181, initiating session
2018-01-11 21:07:30,916 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6701.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1235] - Session establishment complete
on
server c6701.python279.org/192.168.67.101:2181, sessionid = 0x160e70285f70001, negotiated timeout = 30000
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:
null
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第二次鏈接,鏈接到c6702上
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Connecting
to
c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
......
2018-01-11 21:10:18,442 [myid:] - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client
connection
, connectString=c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@4b4bc1e
Welcome
to
ZooKeeper!
2018-01-11 21:10:18,489 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6702.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@975] - Opening socket
connection
to
server c6702.python279.org/192.168.67.102:2181. Will
not
attempt
to
authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
JLine support
is
enabled
2018-01-11 21:10:18,508 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6702.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@852] - Socket
connection
established
to
c6702.python279.org/192.168.67.102:2181, initiating session
2018-01-11 21:10:18,561 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(c6702.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1235] - Session establishment complete
on
server c6702.python279.org/192.168.67.102:2181, sessionid = 0x260e70284650002, negotiated timeout = 30000
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:
null
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至此,基礎環境部署完。而且zookeeper也安裝完成。下面咱們會在下一篇文章中,繼續安裝HDFS。
http://blog.51cto.com/hsbxxl/1971241