context:property-placeholder大大的方便了咱們的各類配置。java
只須要在spring的配置文件裏添加一句:<context:property-placeholder?location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>?便可,這裏location值爲參數配置文件的位置,參數配置文件一般放在src目錄下,而參數配置文件的格式跟java通用的參數配置文件相同,即鍵值對的形式,例如: #jdbc配置 test.jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver test.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test test.jdbc.username=root test.jdbc.password=root
這樣一來就能夠爲spring配置的bean的屬性設置值了,好比spring有一個jdbc數據源的類DriverManagerDataSourcemysql
在配置文件裏這麼定義bean:spring
<bean id="testDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${test.jdbc.driverClassName}"/> <property name="url" value="${test.jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${test.jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${test.jdbc.password}"/> </bean>
另外須要注意的是,若是遇到下面着着這種問題:sql
A模塊和B模塊都分別擁有本身的Spring XML配置,並分別擁有本身的配置文件:url
A模塊的Spring配置文件以下:spa
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:conf/conf_a.properties"/> <bean class="com.xxx.aaa.Bean1" p:driverClassName="${modulea.jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${modulea.jdbc.url}" p:username="${modulea.jdbc.username}" p:password="${modulea.jdbc.password}"/> </beans>
conf/conf_a.properties:code
modulea.jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver modulea.jdbc.username=cartan modulea.jdbc.password=superman modulea.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/modulea?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
B模塊的Spring配置文件以下:xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:conf/conf_b.properties"/> <bean class="com.xxx.bbb.Bean1" p:driverClassName="${moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${moduleb.jdbc.url}" p:username="${moduleb.jdbc.username}" p:password="${moduleb.jdbc.password}"/> </beans>
conf/conf_b.properties:string
moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver moduleb.jdbc.username=cartan moduleb.jdbc.password=superman moduleb.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/modulea?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
單獨運行A模塊,或單獨運行B模塊都是正常的,但將A和B兩個模塊集成後運行,Spring容器就啓動不了了:
Could not resolve placeholder 'moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName' in string value "${moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName}"
緣由:Spring容器採用反射掃描的發現機制,在探測到Spring容器中有一個 org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的 Bean就會中止對剩餘PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的掃描io
spring容器中最多隻能定義一個context:property-placeholder,否則就出現那種個錯誤,那如何來解決上面的問題呢?
A和B模塊去掉 context:property-placeholder 配置,而後重寫個xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:conf/conf*.properties"/> <import resource="a.xml"/> <import resource="b.xml"/> </beans>
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關於在代碼中引用 context:property-placeholder 中的屬性以下所示:
@Value( "${jdbc.url}" ) private String jdbcUrl;