DRF權限組件

時間  2019-11-12
標籤 drf 權限 組件 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

1.DRF權限組件（局部+全局）　django

　　和上述的認證組件使用方式同樣，定義一個權限類，必需要有def has_permission(self,request, view):pass方法，能夠在類中定義變量message指定無權限時的提示內容。api

　　權限組件也能夠在視圖中局部使用，或者在settings.py中進行全局配置session

　　在有註冊登陸操做時，爲了不認證和權限，仍是繼承View最好或使用局部認證配置。app

 　　

 

 

 

　　settings.py　　ide

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app01.apps.App01Config',
    'rest_framework',
]
 
MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
 
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    #認證配置（全局配置）----針對全部的繼承APIView的類，最終都會有結果返回
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES' : ['app01.utils.auth.MyAuth',],#能夠自定義多個認證類
    # 'UNAUTHENTICATED_USER':lambda :'匿名用戶request.user自定義值',#request.user有默認值
    # 'UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN':lambda :'request.auth自定義值',#request.auth有默認值
 
    #權限配置（全局配置）----針對-針對全部的繼承APIView的類，在認證以後執行，沒有權限會返回message,有權限繼續執行
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES':['app01.utils.permission.SVIPPermission',]#能夠自定義多個權限
 
}
settings.py

　　utils--auth.py--MyAuth認證類　　函數

#認證組件
from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication,BasicAuthentication
 
class MyAuth(BaseAuthentication):#能夠直接繼承BaseAuthentication類，能夠省略authenticate_header方法，或者繼承BasicAuthentication
    def authenticate(self, request):
                token = request._request.GET.get('token')
        token_obj = models.UserToken.objects.get(token=token)
        if not token_obj:
            raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed('未認證用戶！！！')
        return (token_obj.user', 'request.auth')  # 認證函數執行結果若是經過則爲元組，元組第一個元素封裝在爲request.user
utils--auth.py--MyAuth認證類　

　　utils--permission.py--SVIPPermission/MyPermission權限類post

# 權限組件
class SVIPPermission(object):
    # message = 'You do not have permission to perform this action.'#默認值
    message = '無此權限！！！'
    def has_permission(self,request, view):
        if request.user.user_type == 3:
            return False    #False爲沒權限
        return True   #True爲有權限
 
 
class MyPermission(object):
    def has_permission(self,request, view):
        if request.user.user_type != 3:
            return False
        return True
utils--permission.py--SVIPPermission/MyPermission權限類

　　models.pythis

from django.db import models
# Create your models here
class UserInfo(models.Model):
    """
    用戶表
    """
    user_type_choices = [
        (1, '普通用戶'),
        (2, 'VIP用戶'),
        (3, 'SVIP用戶'),
    ]
    user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choices)
    username = models.CharField(max_length=10, unique=True)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=12, null=False)
 
 
class UserToken(models.Model):
    """
    token表
    """
 
    user = models.OneToOneField(to='UserInfo')
    token = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
 
 
class Book(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=12)
models.py

　　urls.pyurl

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
 
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^api/v1/login/$', views.AuthView.as_view()),
    url(r'^book/$', views.BookView.as_view(),name='book'),
    url(r'^order/$', views.OrderView.as_view(),name='order'),
 
]
urls.py

　　views.pyspa

 
from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from app01 import models
from django.http import JsonResponse
from app01.utils.auth import MyAuth
from app01.utils.permission import MyPermission,SVIPPermission
from django.views import View
 
# Create your views here.
 
# 實例url:http://127.0.0.1:8000/book/?token=1
class BookView(APIView):
    # # （1）認證組件(局部使用)
    # authentication_classes = [MyAuth, ]
    #（2）權限組件（局部使用）---局部和全局都有時從局部優先
    permission_classes = [MyPermission,]
 
 
    def get(self, request):
        print(request.user)  #request.user在APIViewD的dispatch中進行封裝的
        return HttpResponse('GET')
 
    def post(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('POST')
 
    def put(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('PUT')
 
    def patch(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('PATCH')
 
    def delete(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('DELETE')
 
 
class OrderView(APIView):
    # （1）認證組件
    authentication_classes = [MyAuth, ]
    # （2）權限組件
    # permission_classes = [SVIPPermission]
 
    def get(self, request):
        print(request.user)  # request.user在認證組件中進行封裝的
        return HttpResponse('GET')
 
    def post(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('POST')
 
    def put(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('PUT')
 
    def patch(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('PATCH')
 
    def delete(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('DELETE')
 
 
import time
import hashlib
 
 
def token_md5(username):
    """
    自定義token
    :param username:
    :return:
    """
    t = time.time()
    md5 = hashlib.md5(str(t).encode('utf-8'))
    md5.update(username.encode('utf-8'))
    return md5.hexdigest()
 
 
class AuthView(View):
    #若是不註冊自定義組件，走默認的認證，最後返回了request.user和request.auth都是匿名用戶默認值，能夠在settings.py中加載自定義配置
    #可是在權限認證是很差經過，因此仍是直接繼承View
    def post(self, request):
        """
        用戶登陸
        :param request:進行封裝以後的request對象
        :return: 登陸結果信息
        """
        ret = {'code': 0, 'msg': ''}
 
        username = request.POST.get('username', None)
        password = request.POST.get('password', None)
 
        # 每次登錄若是有就更新沒有就建立
        try:
            user_obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username, password=password).first()
            if user_obj:
                token = token_md5(username)
                print(token)
                # 每次登錄若是有就更新沒有就建立
                models.UserToken.objects.update_or_create(user=user_obj, defaults={'token': token})
                ret['msg'] = '登錄成功！'
                ret['token'] = token
            else:
                ret['code'] = 1
                ret['msg'] = '帳號或密碼有誤！！！'
 
        except Exception as e:
            ret['code'] = 2
            ret['msg'] = '未知錯誤！！！'
        finally:
            return JsonResponse(ret)
views.py

 

2. DRF權限組件繼承類（全局）　　

　　在自定義權限組件類時，推薦繼承BasePermission類，重寫def has_permission(self,request, view):pass方法

　　

 

 　　

utils--permission.py--SVIPPermission/MyPermission權限類　　

from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission
 
# 權限組件
class SVIPPermission(BasePermission):#推薦繼承BasePermission類
    # message = 'You do not have permission to perform this action.'#默認值
    message = '無此權限！！！'
    def has_permission(self,request, view):
        if request.user.user_type == 3:
            return False    #False爲沒權限
        return True   #True爲有權限
 
class MyPermission(BasePermission):#推薦繼承BasePermission類
    def has_permission(self,request, view):
        if request.user.user_type != 3:
            return False
        return True
utils--permission.py--SVIPPermission/MyPermission權限類

settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app01.apps.App01Config',
    'rest_framework',
]
 
MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
 
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    #認證配置（全局配置）----針對全部的繼承APIView的類，最終都會有結果返回
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES' : ['app01.utils.auth.MyAuth',],#能夠自定義多個認證類
    # 'UNAUTHENTICATED_USER':lambda :'匿名用戶request.user自定義值',#request.user有默認值
    # 'UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN':lambda :'request.auth自定義值',#request.auth有默認值
 
    #權限配置（全局配置）----針對-針對全部的繼承APIView的類，在認證以後執行，沒有權限會返回message,有權限繼續執行
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES':['app01.utils.permission.SVIPPermission',]#能夠自定義多個權限
 
}
settings.py
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