串口.Qt532測試（同步）

時間 2019-11-10

標籤串口 qt532 測試同步欄目主板简体版

原文原文鏈接

環境：Win7x6四、Qt5.3.2 MSVC OpenGL(x86)、vs2010(x86)windows

ZC：這裏的例子是同步的函數操做，貌似若是子線程在等待 WaitCommEvent(...)或ReadFile(...) 返回的話（即串口句柄正在被使用中），界面主線程執行 CloseHandle(...) 或 SetCommMask(...) 的話，就會卡在那裏...　　　　因而考慮改用異步方式緩存

　　ZC：想到一個方式，使用同步方式的時候可使用強制關閉線程的方式「TerminateThread(線程句柄, ExitCode);」來關閉子線程，這樣就不會再佔用串口句柄了，CloseHandle(..)也能夠順利執行。問題：TerminateThread(...) 會有一些動態申請的資源釋放，獲取的鎖釋放等的問題（具體看MSDN的說明，裏面還提到了"heap lock"，因而在申請內存的過程當中若是強制結束線程的話堆鎖未釋放別的線程再申請內存的時候就卡在那裏了...），還有在 XP以及以前的Windws版本OS中強制結束線程 OS不會釋放它的初始棧，形成內存泄漏（我看了一下 XP的資源管理器，確實是這樣的現象）。app

一、ZC：異步

　1.一、開始時，遇到的問題：在接收信息的線程中，ReadFile(...) 每次都是當即返回的可是獲取的數據都是0字節的長度，現象就好像是用了異步的方式沒等到事件就當即返回了...ide

　　找到問題：(1)、查看了 CreateFile(...)的參數，發現使用的就是同步的方式（沒有指定參數 FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED）函數

　　　　　　　(2)、後來發現是 COMMTIMEOUTS 設置的不正確的緣故測試

　　測試下來，有2種方式設置COMMTIMEOUTS，來解決上面的問題：ui

　　　　①、相似以下的參數設置：this

         COMMTIMEOUTS TimeOuts;
         //設定讀超時
         TimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 100;
         TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 5000;
         TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 5000;
         //設定寫超時
         TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 500;
         TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 2000;

　　　　②、這樣設置：spa

         COMMTIMEOUTS CommTimeOuts;
         GetCommTimeouts(hCom1, &CommTimeOuts);
         CommTimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout  = MAXDWORD;
         CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier  = 0;
         CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant  = 0;
         CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier  = 10;
         CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant  = 1000;

　　　　　　ZC：光是這樣設置的話，就會出現上面的問題，ReadFile(...) 當即返回 0字節數據。接收線程就會接二連三的去ReadFile(...) ...

　　　　　　ZC：這樣設置的話，須要使用「SetCommMask(hCom1, EV_RXCHAR);」和「DWORD dwMask = EV_RXFLAG; WaitCommEvent(g_hCom, &dwMask, NULL);」，使用它們就是聲明和等待EV_RXCHAR事件（該事件意思是只要輸入緩衝區接收到數據就會觸發）

二、測試代碼：

　　2,一、main.cpp

#include "MainWindow.h"
#include <QApplication>

extern MainWindow* g_pMainWindow;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    MainWindow w;
    w.show();

    g_pMainWindow = &w;
    a.installNativeEventFilter(&w);// 注意，不是「a.installEventFilter(w);」，少了 "Native"

    return a.exec();
}

　　2.二、MainWindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QAbstractNativeEventFilter>

namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow, public QAbstractNativeEventFilter
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~MainWindow();

public:
    virtual bool nativeEventFilter(const QByteArray &eventType, void *message, long *);

private slots:
    void on_pbtnConn_clicked();
    void on_pbtnRecvMsgClear_clicked();
    void on_pbtnSendMsgClear_clicked();
    void on_pbrnSend_clicked();

public:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};

#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

　　2.三、MainWindow.cpp

#include "MainWindow.h"
#include "ui_MainWindow.h"



MainWindow* g_pMainWindow = NULL;

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
    QMainWindow(parent),
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    // https://blog.csdn.net/horizons_kong/article/details/54412339
    // https://blog.csdn.net/zmdsjtu/article/details/78539681
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}

#include <QDebug>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <process.h>

#include "thread_z.h"
#include "PassInfo_z.h"
#include "SeriesPort_z.h"

QString TimeNowZ()
{
    SYSTEMTIME sys;
    GetLocalTime( &sys );

    char buf[128] = {0};
    sprintf_s( buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d.%03d ", sys.wHour, sys.wMinute, sys.wSecond, sys.wMilliseconds );

    return QString::fromLocal8Bit(buf);
}

void ShowMsgZ(const QString& _str)
{
    if (g_pMainWindow != NULL)
        g_pMainWindow->ui->teRecv->append(_str);
}

bool MainWindow::nativeEventFilter(const QByteArray &eventType, void *message, long *)
{
    MSG* pMsg = reinterpret_cast<MSG*>(message);
    if(pMsg->message == WM_PASSINFO)
    {
        int iLen = pMsg->wParam;
        QString strInfo = Info_Recv(ShowMsgZ, iLen, (char*)pMsg->lParam);
        if (! strInfo.isNull())
            //ui->teRecv->append(TimeNowZ() + strInfo);
            ui->teRecv->append(strInfo);
        else
            ui->teRecv->append("\r\n");

        return true;
    }

    return false;
}

void MainWindow::on_pbtnConn_clicked()
{
    QString strChuanKouHao = ui->cbChuanKouHao->currentText();
    QString strBoTeLv = ui->cbBoTeLv->currentText();
    BYTE Parity = (BYTE)ui->cbJiaoYanWei->currentIndex();
    BYTE ShuJuWei = (BYTE)(ui->cbShuJuWei->currentIndex() + 4);
    BYTE TingZhiWei = ((BYTE)ui->cbTingZhiWei->currentIndex() + 2) * 0.5;
    bool bRtn = SPort_Init(ShowMsgZ, strChuanKouHao.toLocal8Bit().data(),
                           strBoTeLv.toULong(), Parity, ShuJuWei, TingZhiWei);
    if (! bRtn)
    {
        ui->pbtnConn->setChecked(false);
        return;
    }

    ShowMsgZ("After SPort_Init(...)");
    _beginthread(Thread_RECV, 0, (void*)this->winId());
    ShowMsgZ("After _beginthread(...)");
}


void MainWindow::on_pbtnRecvMsgClear_clicked()
{
    ui->teRecv->clear();
    //_beginthread(Thread_RECV, 0, (void*)this->winId());
}


void MainWindow::on_pbtnSendMsgClear_clicked()
{
    ui->teSend->clear();
}

void MainWindow::on_pbrnSend_clicked()
{
//    char pc[] = {128,129};
//    if (IsDBCSLeadByte(pc[0]))
//        qDebug() << "T";
//    else
//        qDebug() << "F";

    ui->teRecv->append("\r\n");
}

　　2.四、PassInfo_z.h

#ifndef PASSINFO_Z_H
#define PASSINFO_Z_H

#include <QString>

#include <Windows.h>
#define WM_PASSINFO     WM_USER+0x1000

typedef void (__cdecl *TshowMsg)(const QString& _str);

void Info_Send(HWND _hWnd, int _iLen, char* _pc);
void Info_Send_pc(HWND _hWnd, char* _pc);
QString Info_Recv(TshowMsg _funcShowMsg, int _iLen, char* _pc);

#endif // PASSINFO_Z_H

　　2.五、PassInfo_z.cpp

#include "PassInfo_z.h"


void Info_Send(HWND _hWnd, int _iLen, char* _pc)
{
    if (_hWnd == 0)
        return;

    if (_iLen > 0)
    {
        char* pc = new char[_iLen];
        memcpy(&pc[0], _pc, _iLen);

        PostMessage( _hWnd, WM_PASSINFO, WPARAM(_iLen), LPARAM(pc) );
    }
    else
        PostMessage( _hWnd, WM_PASSINFO, WPARAM(_iLen), 0 );
}

void Info_Send_pc(HWND _hWnd, char* _pc)
{
    Info_Send(_hWnd, strlen(_pc), _pc);
}

QString Info_Recv(TshowMsg _funcShowMsg, int _iLen, char* _pc)
{
    // ZC: 進入到這個函數，前提是 "_iLen > 0"
    if (_iLen <= 0)
        return QString::null;
    return QString::fromLocal8Bit(_pc, _iLen);
}


// ZC: IsDBCSLeadByte( char ):BOOL; // ZC: 判斷是不是 中文/韓文等字符的第1個字節
//char g_infoRecv[1024 * 4] = {0};
//int g_iInfoRecvCnt = 0;

//QString Info_Recv(TshowMsg _funcShowMsg, int _iLen, char* _pc)
//{
//    // ZC: 進入到這個函數，前提是 "_iLen > 0"

//    _funcShowMsg(QString::number(g_iInfoRecvCnt));

//    if (g_iInfoRecvCnt > 0)
//    {
//        memcpy(&g_infoRecv[g_iInfoRecvCnt], _pc, _iLen);
//        g_iInfoRecvCnt += _iLen;

//        if (! IsDBCSLeadByte(_pc[_iLen - 1]) )// ZC: 判斷是不是 中文/韓文等字符的第1個字節
//        {
//            QString str = QString::fromLocal8Bit(g_infoRecv, g_iInfoRecvCnt);
//            g_iInfoRecvCnt = 0;
//            return str;
//        }
//    }
//    else
//    {
//        if ( IsDBCSLeadByte(_pc[_iLen - 1]) )
//        {
//            memcpy(&g_infoRecv[g_iInfoRecvCnt], _pc, _iLen);
//            g_iInfoRecvCnt += _iLen;
//        }
//        else
//            return QString::fromLocal8Bit(_pc, _iLen);
//    }
//    return QString::null;
//}

　　2.六、SeriesPort_z.h

#ifndef SERIESPORT_Z_H
#define SERIESPORT_Z_H

#include <Windows.h>
#include <QString>

extern HANDLE g_hCom;

#define SERIES_PORT__IN_QUEUE_SIZE  1024 * 16
#define SERIES_PORT__OUT_QUEUE_SIZE 1024 * 16

typedef void (__cdecl *TshowMsg)(const QString& _str);

bool SPort_Init(TshowMsg _funcShowMsg,
                char* _pcSeriesPortName, DWORD _BaudRate, BYTE _Parity, BYTE _ByteSize, BYTE _StopBits);

#endif // SERIESPORT_Z_H

　　2.七、SeriesPort_z.cpp

#include "SeriesPort_z.h"

#include <QDebug>
#include <QTextCodec>

#include "PassInfo_z.h"

//HWND g_hWnd = 0;
HANDLE g_hCom = 0;

bool SPort_Init(TshowMsg _funcShowMsg,
                char* _pcSeriesPortName,
                DWORD _BaudRate, BYTE _Parity, BYTE _ByteSize, BYTE _StopBits)
{
    g_hCom = 0;

    WCHAR wszSeriesPortName[8] = {0};
    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, _pcSeriesPortName, strlen(_pcSeriesPortName) + 1,
                        wszSeriesPortName, sizeof(wszSeriesPortName) / sizeof(wszSeriesPortName[0]));
    HANDLE hCom1 = CreateFile(wszSeriesPortName,//COM1口
                              GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, //容許讀和寫
                              0, //獨佔方式
                              NULL,
                              OPEN_EXISTING, //打開而不是建立
                              0, //同步方式
                              NULL);
    if (hCom1 == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        QTextCodec *pCodec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
        QString strPrint = pCodec->toUnicode("打開COM失敗 !");
        _funcShowMsg(strPrint);
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        QTextCodec *pCodec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
        QString strPrint = pCodec->toUnicode("COM打開成功 !");
        _funcShowMsg(strPrint);
    }

                        //    SetupComm(hCom1, SERIES_PORT__IN_QUEUE_SIZE, SERIES_PORT__OUT_QUEUE_SIZE); //輸入緩衝區和輸出緩衝區的大小都是1024

                        //    COMMTIMEOUTS TimeOuts;
                        //    //設定讀超時
                        //    TimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 100;
                        //    TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 5000;
                        //    TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 5000;
                        //    //設定寫超時
                        //    TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 500;
                        //    TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 2000;
                        //    if (! SetCommTimeouts(hCom1, &TimeOuts)) //設置超時
                        //    {
                        //        int iErr = ::GetLastError();
                        //        QTextCodec *pCodec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
                        //        QString strPrint = pCodec->toUnicode("設置串口讀寫超時時間失敗");
                        //        strPrint += ", last error code is "+QString::number(iErr);
                        //        _funcShowMsg(strPrint);
                        //        return false;
                        //    }

                        //    DCB dcb;
                        //    GetCommState(hCom1, &dcb);
                        //    dcb.BaudRate = _BaudRate;//9600; //波特率爲9600
                        //    dcb.ByteSize = _ByteSize;//8; //每一個字節有8位
                        //    dcb.Parity = _Parity;//NOPARITY; //無奇偶校驗位
                        //    dcb.StopBits = _StopBits;//ONESTOPBIT; //1箇中止位
                        //    if (! SetCommState(hCom1, &dcb))
                        //    {
                        //        int iErr = ::GetLastError();
                        //        QTextCodec *pCodec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
                        //        QString strPrint = pCodec->toUnicode("設置串口參數失敗");
                        //        strPrint += ", last error code is "+QString::number(iErr);
                        //        _funcShowMsg(strPrint);
                        //        return false;
                        //    }

    _funcShowMsg( QString::number(_BaudRate)+","+QString::number(_ByteSize)
                  +","+QString::number(_Parity)+","+QString::number(_StopBits) );

    DCB dcb;
    if (! GetCommState(hCom1, &dcb))
    {
        int iErr = ::GetLastError();
        QTextCodec *pCodec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
        QString strPrint = pCodec->toUnicode("獲取串口當前屬性參數失敗");
        strPrint += ", last error code is "+QString::number(iErr);
        _funcShowMsg(strPrint);
        return false;
    }
    //配置串口參數
    dcb.BaudRate  = _BaudRate;    //波特率
    dcb.fBinary  = TRUE;    //二進制模式。必須爲TRUE
    dcb.ByteSize  = _ByteSize;    //數據位。範圍4-8
    dcb.StopBits  = _StopBits;    //中止位
    if (_Parity  == NOPARITY)
    {
        dcb.fParity  = FALSE;    //奇偶校驗。無奇偶校驗
        dcb.Parity  = _Parity;    //校驗模式。無奇偶校驗
    }
    else
    {
        dcb.fParity  = TRUE;        //奇偶校驗。
        dcb.Parity  = _Parity;    //校驗模式。無奇偶校驗
    }
    dcb.fOutxCtsFlow  = FALSE;    //CTS線上的硬件握手
    dcb.fOutxDsrFlow  = FALSE;    //DST線上的硬件握手
    dcb.fDtrControl  = DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE;//DTR控制
    dcb.fDsrSensitivity  = FALSE;
    dcb.fTXContinueOnXoff  = FALSE;//
    dcb.fOutX  = FALSE;            //是否使用XON/XOFF協議
    dcb.fInX  = FALSE;            //是否使用XON/XOFF協議
    dcb.fErrorChar  = FALSE;        //是否使用發送錯誤協議
    dcb.fNull  = FALSE;            //停用null stripping
    dcb.fRtsControl  = RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE;//
    dcb.fAbortOnError  = FALSE;    //串口發送錯誤，並不終止串口讀寫
    //設置串口參數
    if (! SetCommState(hCom1, &dcb))
    {
        int iErr = ::GetLastError();
        QTextCodec *pCodec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
        QString strPrint = pCodec->toUnicode("設置串口參數失敗");
        strPrint += ", last error code is "+QString::number(iErr);
        _funcShowMsg(strPrint);
        return false;
    }

    //設置串口事件
    SetCommMask(hCom1, EV_RXCHAR);//在緩存中有字符時產生事件

    SetupComm(hCom1, SERIES_PORT__IN_QUEUE_SIZE, SERIES_PORT__OUT_QUEUE_SIZE);

    //設置串口讀寫時間
    COMMTIMEOUTS CommTimeOuts;
    GetCommTimeouts(hCom1, &CommTimeOuts);
    CommTimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout  = MAXDWORD;
    CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier  = 0;
    CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant  = 0;
    CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier  = 10;
    CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant  = 1000;
    if (!SetCommTimeouts(hCom1, &CommTimeOuts))
    {
        int iErr = ::GetLastError();
        QTextCodec *pCodec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
        QString strPrint = pCodec->toUnicode("設置串口讀寫超時時間失敗");
        strPrint += ", last error code is "+QString::number(iErr);
        _funcShowMsg(strPrint);
        return false;
    }

    g_hCom = hCom1;
    return true;
}

bool SendData(TshowMsg _funcShowMsg, HANDLE _hComm, char* data, int len)
{
    if (_hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        QTextCodec *pCodec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
        QString strPrint = pCodec->toUnicode("串口未打開");
        _funcShowMsg(strPrint);
        return false;
    }
    //清空串口
    PurgeComm(_hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR);
    //寫串口
    DWORD dwWrite  = 0;
    DWORD dwRet  = WriteFile(_hComm, data, len, &dwWrite, NULL);
    int iErr = 0;
    if (! dwRet) { iErr = ::GetLastError(); }
    //清空串口
    PurgeComm(_hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR);
    if (! dwRet)
    {
        QTextCodec *pCodec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
        QString strPrint = pCodec->toUnicode("發送數據失敗");
        strPrint += ", last error code is "+QString::number(iErr);
        _funcShowMsg(strPrint);
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

　　2.八、thread_z.h

#ifndef THREAD_Z_H
#define THREAD_Z_H

void Thread_RECV(void *_ArgList);

#endif // THREAD_Z_H

　　2.九、thread_z.cpp

#include "thread_z.h"

#include <QDebug>

#include <Windows.h>
#include <process.h>

#include "PassInfo_z.h"
#include "SeriesPort_z.h"

int g_iIdx = 0;
bool MsgHandler01(HWND _hWnd, DWORD _dwRecv, char* _pc);

void Thread_RECV(void *_ArgList)
{
//    ::MessageBoxA(0, "Thread_RECV(...) in ", "", 0);

    HWND hWnd = (HWND)_ArgList;
    if (hWnd == 0)
    {
        qDebug() << "Thread_RECV(...) - hWnd is NULL .";
        _endthread();
        return;
    }
    if (g_hCom == 0)
    {
        Info_Send_pc(hWnd, "Thread_RECV(...) - g_hCom is 0 .");
        _endthread();
        return;
    }

    Info_Send_pc(hWnd, "Thread_RECV(...) in");
    qDebug() << "Thread_RECV(...) in";

    //清空串口
    PurgeComm(g_hCom, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR);

    char buf[SERIES_PORT__OUT_QUEUE_SIZE] = {0};
    char bufErr[256] = {0};
    while (true)
    {
//        g_iIdx ++;
//        if (g_iIdx > 10)
//            break;

        BOOL bRtn = false;

        DWORD dwMask = EV_RXFLAG;//EV_RXCHAR;
        bRtn = WaitCommEvent(g_hCom, &dwMask, NULL);
        if (! bRtn)
        {
            int iErr = ::GetLastError();
            sprintf_s(bufErr, sizeof(bufErr), "WaitCommEvent(...) return false, last error code is %d .", iErr);
            Info_Send_pc(hWnd, bufErr);
            break;
        }

        DWORD dwRead;
        bRtn = ReadFile(g_hCom, &buf[0], SERIES_PORT__OUT_QUEUE_SIZE, &dwRead, NULL);
//                {
//                    char msg[128] = {0};
//                    sprintf_s(msg, sizeof(msg), "%d - %d", g_iIdx, dwRead);
//                    Info_Send_pc(hWnd, msg);
//                }
        if (! bRtn)
        {
            int iErr = ::GetLastError();
            sprintf_s(bufErr, sizeof(bufErr), "ReadFile(...) return false, last error code is %d .", iErr);
            Info_Send_pc(hWnd, bufErr);
            break;
        }

        if (dwRead > 0)
            if (! MsgHandler01(hWnd, dwRead, buf))
                break;
    }

    Info_Send_pc(hWnd, "Thread_RECV(...) out");
    qDebug() << "Thread_RECV(...) out";

    /* _endthread given to terminate */
    _endthread();
}

// *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***

char g_infoRecv[1024 * 4] = {0};
DWORD g_dwInfoRecvCnt = 0;

bool MsgHandler01(HWND _hWnd, DWORD _dwRecv, char* _pc)
{
    //char buf1[64] = {0};


    memcpy(&g_infoRecv[g_dwInfoRecvCnt], _pc, _dwRecv);
    g_dwInfoRecvCnt += _dwRecv;

    //Info_Send_pc(_hWnd, "11");
    void* p = memchr(&g_infoRecv[0], '\n', g_dwInfoRecvCnt);
    if (p != NULL)
    {
        //Info_Send_pc(_hWnd, "12");
        DWORD dwBegin = (DWORD)( &g_infoRecv[0] );
        DWORD dwPos = (DWORD)p;
        int iLen = dwPos - dwBegin - 1;// \r\n 爲佔2個字節位置,須要將它們佔的位置去掉
        //Info_Send_pc(_hWnd, "13");
        if (iLen < 0)
        {
            char bufErr[64] = {0};
            sprintf_s(bufErr, sizeof(bufErr), "MsgHandler01(...) - (dwLen < 0) : %d", iLen);
            Info_Send_pc(_hWnd, bufErr);
            return false;
        }

        //sprintf_s(buf1, sizeof(buf1), "14 : %d, %d, %d, %d", iLen, g_dwInfoRecvCnt, dwBegin, dwPos);
        //Info_Send_pc(_hWnd, buf1);
        Info_Send(_hWnd, iLen, &g_infoRecv[0]);
        //Info_Send_pc(_hWnd, "15");
        memcpy( &g_infoRecv[0], &g_infoRecv[iLen + 2], g_dwInfoRecvCnt - (iLen+2) );
        //Info_Send_pc(_hWnd, "16");
        g_dwInfoRecvCnt -= (iLen+2);
        //Info_Send_pc(_hWnd, "17");
    }
    return true;
}