12c多租戶管理五（修改pdb打開模式）

1、執行語句修改的前提
The current user must have SYSDBA , SYSOPER , SYSBACKUP , or SYSDG administrative
privilege, and the privilege must be either commonly granted or locally granted in
the PDB

2、 打開模式說明

2.一、ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb 的打開模式

一、OPEN READ WRITE 讀寫模式，容許運行查詢和用戶事務，以及容許用戶生成 redo log
二、OPEN READ ONLY 只讀模式，只容許運行查詢。
三、OPEN MIGRATE 該模式下能夠運行 pdb 的升級腳本
四、MOUNTED 和 non-cdb 的掛載模式同樣

2.二、STARTUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb 打開模式

一、OPEN READ WRITE 讀寫模式
二、OPEN READ ONLY 只讀模式，只容許運行查詢。
三、OPEN MIGRATE 該模式下能夠運行 pdb 的升級腳本

2.三、關閉模式

一、CLOSE IMMEDIATE 至關於 non-cdb 的 shutdown immediate
二、Close abort 至關於 non-cdb 的 shutdown abort
三、close 至關於non-cdb shutdwon normal

2.四、幾個參數說明

一、open 後面不根參數，默認打開方式是 read write
二、When RESTRICTED is specified, the PDB is accessible only to users with RESTRICTED SESSION privilege in the PDB
三、FORCE keyword included, all PDBs are opened in read/write mode, including PDBs in read-only mode
四、While a PDB is in mounted or read-only mode, database administrators can create, modify, or drop common users and roles in the CDB. The CDB applies these changes
to the PDB when its open mode is changed to open in read/write mode

2.五、打開pdb 的語法
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE 目標 pdb 打開模式
STARTUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE 目標 pdb 打開模式
語法說明以下：
⚫ 指定目標 pdb 名字能夠用逗號隔開 pdb 的名字以指定多個 pdb
⚫ 指定 ALL 表示修改全部pdb
⚫ Specify ALL EXCEPT to modify all of the PDBs, except for the PDBs listed

2.六、啓動和中止可插拔數據庫的例子
關閉全部 pdb 得例子以下
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat May 26 07:30:40 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 JXC READ WRITE NO
4 CRMPDB2 READ WRITE NO

SQL> alter pluggable database all close;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 JXC MOUNTED
4 CRMPDB2 MOUNTED

啓動全部 pdb 得例子以下：
SQL> alter pluggable database all open;
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 JXC READ WRITE NO
4 CRMPDB2 READ WRITE NO

2.七、cdb重啓後設置關全部相關pdb自動open
一、說明
⚫ 默認 cdb 重啓 pdb 處於 mount 狀態
⚫ Specify SAVE STATE to preserve the PDBs' mode when the CDB is restarted
⚫ Specify DISCARD STATE to ignore the PDBs' open mode when the CDB is restarte
⚫ You can specify which PDBs to modify in the following ways:
• List one or more PDBs.用逗號隔開
• Specify ALL to modify all of the PDBs.
• Specify ALL EXCEPT to modify all of the PDBs, except for the PDBs listed.

二、cdb 重啓後pdb自動啓動例子

SQL> startup force open;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2030043136 bytes
Fixed Size 8794504 bytes
Variable Size 1207963256 bytes
Database Buffers 805306368 bytes
Redo Buffers 7979008 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> show pdbs;
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 JXC MOUNTED
4 CRMPDB2 MOUNTED

SQL> alter pluggable database all open;
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 JXC READ WRITE NO
4 CRMPDB2 READ WRITE NO

SQL> alter pluggable database all save state;
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> startup force open;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2030043136 bytes
Fixed Size 8794504 bytes
Variable Size 1174408824 bytes
Database Buffers 838860800 bytes
Redo Buffers 7979008 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> show pdbs;
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 JXC READ WRITE NO
4 CRMPDB2 READ WRITE NO

三、丟棄cdb重啓後pdb自動重啓得狀態
SQL> alter pluggable database all discard state;
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> startup force open;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2030043136 bytes
Fixed Size 8794504 bytes
Variable Size 1174408824 bytes
Database Buffers 838860800 bytes
Redo Buffers 7979008 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO3 JXC MOUNTED4 CRMPDB2 MOUNTED