一、maven實踐心得

一、根本觀點

        項目僅依賴於項目內的pom.xml，不依賴於本地maven配置，達到打開項目無需配置maven便可使用的需求。

二、具體配置

    1)、倉庫和私服地址統一配置在父項目pom中，不建議配置在maven的setting.xml中，減小項目與maven配置信息的依賴

        【根pom.xml配置以下信息】：

<repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>central</id>
            <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
            <layout>default</layout>
            <url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
            <releases>
                <updatePolicy>interval:1</updatePolicy>
            </releases>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>sourceforge-releases</id>
            <name>sourceforge-releases</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/sourceforge-releases</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>nexus</id>
            <name>nexus</name>
            <url>http://nexus.company.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    2)、包版本統一在父項目中配置，避免多個子項目配置不一樣版本的包

        【根pom.xml配置以下信息】：

<properties>
        <!--配置包版本信息等-->
        <lib.util.version>2016.05.24.1</lib.util.version>

        <java.version>1.8</java.version>

        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <mockito-all.version>1.10.19</mockito-all.version>
        <powermock-api-mockito.version>1.6.2</powermock-api-mockito.version>
        <powermock-module-junit4.version>1.6.2</powermock-module-junit4.version>

        <dom4j.version>1.6.1</dom4j.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--inner reference begin-->
            <!--inner reference end-->

            <!--department inner reference start-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.company.dealer.lib</groupId>
                <artifactId>util</artifactId>
                <version>${lib.util.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--department inner reference end-->

            <!-- Unit Test begin -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
                <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
                <version>${mockito-all.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
                <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>
                <version>${powermock-api-mockito.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
                <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
                <version>${powermock-module-junit4.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Unit Test end -->

            <dependency>
                <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
                <version>${dom4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

        【子項目pom.xml配置以下信息】： 

<dependencies>
        <!--inner reference begin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.company.dealer.lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>util</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--inner reference end-->

        <!--test reference begin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
            <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
            <!--無需輸入版本號，版本有父項目的pom來配置-->
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
            <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
            <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--test reference end-->
    </dependencies>

        PS：無需指定軟件版本信息，默認會繼承父節點dependencyManagement節點下的版本信息

    3)、插件版本統一在父項目中配置

        例如：

<build>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.6</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.4</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.10.3</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.4.3</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>

        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                    <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.7</version>
                <!--bug fix:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26281322/mavenfailed-to-execute-goal-org-apache-maven-pluginsmaven-resources-plugin2-7-->
                <dependencies>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.shared</groupId>
                        <artifactId>maven-filtering</artifactId>
                        <version>1.3</version>
                    </dependency>
                </dependencies>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                    <nonFilteredFileExtensions>
                        <nonFilteredFileExtension>dat</nonFilteredFileExtension>
                        <nonFilteredFileExtension>json</nonFilteredFileExtension>
                    </nonFilteredFileExtensions>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 單元測試覆蓋率插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>0.7.6.201602180812</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>pre-test</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>post-test</id>
                        <phase>test</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>report</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

三、示例代碼

        地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qXJU1UO