初學3D Touch

With iOS 9, new iPhone models add a third dimension to the user interface.html

A user can now press your Home screen icon to immediately access functionality provided by your app.

Within your app, a user can now press views to see previews of additional content and gain accelerated access to features.

模擬器實現3D Touch功能

一、插件安裝

插件下載地址：
https://github.com/DeskConnect/SBShortcutMenuSimulatorios

下載插件到本地(在terminal操做)：

git clone https://github.com/DeskConnect/SBShortcutMenuSimulator.git

安裝插件：
```
cd SBShortcutMenuSimulator
make
```

二、插件使用

啓動插件git

xcrun simctl spawn booted launchctl debug system/com.apple.SpringBoard --environment DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=$PWD/SBShortcutMenuSimulator.dylib xcrun simctl spawn booted launchctl stop com.apple.SpringBoard

注意：若是運行過程當中出現：No devices are booted. 是由於你的模擬器沒有啓動，這時候啓動你的模擬器便可。github

預覽效果web
```
echo 'com.apple.mobilecal' | nc 127.0.0.1 8000
```
注意：
一、'com.apple.mobilecal'是應用的Bundle ID，若是你要測試本身的應用的3D Touch效果，將該字段換成本身應用的Bundle ID。上面的示例應用是系統日曆。
二、若是出現SpringBorad意外退出，多是你的模擬器高於iOS9.1，能夠嘗試下載iOS9.1或iOS9.0的模擬器而後從新以上「插件使用」操做。bash

檢測是否支持3D Touch

在UIViewController生命週期的viewWillAppear中作判斷:

-(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated{
  [super viewWillAppear:animated];
  if (self.traitCollection.forceTouchCapability == UIForceTouchCapabilityAvailable) { //3D Touch可用  } else{ //3D Touch不可用  } }

UIForceTouchCapability是個枚舉

@property (nonatomic, readonly) UIForceTouchCapability forceTouchCapability NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0);


typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIForceTouchCapability) {
  UIForceTouchCapabilityUnknown = 0,        //3D Touch檢測失敗
  UIForceTouchCapabilityUnavailable = 1,    //3D Touch不可用
  UIForceTouchCapabilityAvailable = 2       //3D Touch可用
};

也能夠經過如下方法實現判斷，當界面環境發生改變時會調用該方法：

-(void)traitCollectionDidChange:(UITraitCollection *)previousTraitCollection {
  if (previousTraitCollection.forceTouchCapability == UIForceTouchCapabilityAvailable) { NSLog(@"3D Touch可用"); } else{ NSLog(@"3D Touch不可用"); } }

3D Touch開發

iOS9提供了四類API（Home Screen Quick Action、UIKit Peek & Pop 、WebView Peek & Pop 和UITouch Force Properties）用於操做3D Touch(Pressure Sensitivity 、 Peek and Pop 和 Quick Actions)。app

一、Home Screen Quick Actions

　　用力按壓主屏幕的應用Icon，能夠經過3D Touch呼出一個快捷菜單，點擊快速進入相關功能模塊。ide

　　其中系統自帶的圖片有如下類型：測試

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIApplicationShortcutIconType) {
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCompose,
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypePlay,
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypePause,
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAdd,
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeLocation,
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeSearch,
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeShare,
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeProhibit       NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeContact        NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeHome           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeMarkLocation   NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeFavorite       NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeLove           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCloud          NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeInvitation     NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeConfirmation   NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeMail           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeMessage        NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeDate           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeTime           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCapturePhoto   NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCaptureVideo   NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeTask           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeTaskCompleted  NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAlarm          NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeBookmark       NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeShuffle        NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAudio          NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1),
    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeUpdate         NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1)
} NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0) __TVOS_PROHIBITED;

建立Quick Action有兩種方式：靜態和動態

靜態建立
靜態建立只需在Info.plist上添加相關功能設置：

也能夠右擊Info.plist -> Open As -> Source Code,輸入：

<key>UIApplicationShortcutItems</key>
  <array>
      <dict>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemIconType</key>
          <string>UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeSearch</string>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemSubtitle</key>
          <string>搜索好友</string>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemTitle</key>
          <string>搜索</string>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemType</key>
          <string>1</string>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemUserInfo</key>
          <dict/>
      </dict>
      <dict>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemIconType</key>
          <string>UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAdd</string>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemSubtitle</key>
          <string>添加好友</string>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemTitle</key>
          <string>添加</string>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemType</key>
          <string>2</string>
          <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemUserInfo</key>
          <dict/>
      </dict>
  </array>

動態建立
代碼建立3D Touch的item：

UIApplicationShortcutItem *item1 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"3" localizedTitle:@"掃一掃"];
  UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon = [UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithTemplateImageName:@"3DSearch"]; UIApplicationShortcutItem *item2 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"4" localizedTitle:@"設置" localizedSubtitle:nil icon:icon userInfo:nil]; [UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems = @[item1,item2];

建立方法：

-(instancetype)initWithType:(NSString *)type localizedTitle:(NSString *)localizedTitle localizedSubtitle:(nullable NSString *)localizedSubtitle icon:(nullable UIApplicationShortcutIcon *)icon userInfo:(nullable NSDictionary *)userInfo NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
-(instancetype)initWithType:(NSString *)type localizedTitle:(NSString *)localizedTitle;

設置圖片方法：

+(instancetype)iconWithType:(UIApplicationShortcutIconType)type;
+(instancetype)iconWithTemplateImageName:(NSString *)templateImageName;

　　注意：
　　(1)系統限制每一個App最多可以顯示4個Action Item，其中包括靜態方式和動態方式進行建立的，超過個數不顯示。
　　(2)若是靜態和動態方式同時使用的時候，給UIApplication的shortcutItems賦值的時候不會覆蓋靜態建立的items。
　　(3)動態建立的方式只有在程序第一次啓動以後纔會顯示。
　　(4)若是你要顯示系統圖片時，info.plist中不要添加UIApplicationShortcutItemIconFile屬性，由於當UIApplicationShortcutItemIconFile和UIApplicationShortcutItemIconType同時存在時，會優先使用UIApplicationShortcutItemIconFile設置的圖片。ui

　　(5)Quick Actions顯示的icon在左邊或者右邊，這個是跟你的app 放在你手機的位置有關係，這個iOS會自動處理掉。

點擊Home Screen Quick Actions的相應回調

iOS9新增如下方法實現點擊 Home Screen Quick Action的相應回調，咱們能夠經過shortcutItem的type或者localizedTitle屬性（由於這兩個屬性時必須設置的）判斷點擊了哪一個item：

-(void)application:(UIApplication *)application performActionForShortcutItem:(UIApplicationShortcutItem *)shortcutItem completionHandler:(void(^)(BOOL succeeded))completionHandler {
  NSInteger index = shortcutItem.type.integerValue; switch (index) { case 1: NSLog(@"搜索"); break; case 2: NSLog(@"添加"); break; case 3: NSLog(@"掃一掃"); break; case 4: NSLog(@"設置"); break; default: break; } }

還能夠經過入口方法裏面進行判斷(該方法只會在程序從未啓動到啓動過程當中纔會被調用)：

-(BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {

  if (launchOptions) { UIApplicationShortcutItem *item = [launchOptions valueForKey:UIApplicationLaunchOptionsShortcutItemKey]; NSInteger index = item.type.integerValue; switch (index) { case 1: NSLog(@"搜索"); break; case 2: NSLog(@"添加"); break; case 3: NSLog(@"掃一掃"); break; case 4: NSLog(@"設置"); break; default: break; } } return YES; }

二、Peek & Pop

A peek :
Appears while a user presses on an item that supports peek and disappears when the user’s finger lifts
Opens a detailed view of the item—called a pop—when users press a little deeper on the peek view
Can provide quick actions related to the item when users swipe up within the peek view

UIKit Peek & Pop

給ViewController上的view註冊3D Touch（先判斷設備是否支持3D Touch）

if (self.traitCollection.forceTouchCapability == UIForceTouchCapabilityAvailable)
  {
      [self registerForPreviewingWithDelegate:(id)self sourceView:self.view]; }

新建一個新的UIViewController名爲：ContentViewController，以便以後peek時顯示該ContentViewController，在ContentViewController中重寫如下方法實現Quick actions：

-(NSArray<id<UIPreviewActionItem>> *)previewActionItems{
  UIPreviewAction *action1 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"action1" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) { NSLog(@"action1"); }]; UIPreviewAction *action2 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"action2" style:UIPreviewActionStyleSelected handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) { NSLog(@"action2"); }]; NSArray *actions = @[action1,action2]; UIPreviewActionGroup *group1 = [UIPreviewActionGroup actionGroupWithTitle:@"Action Group" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault actions:actions]; NSArray *array = @[group1]; return array; }

注意：
一、該方法不是必需要重寫，根據本身的需求而定。
二、這裏是把兩個action放在了一個組裏顯示，也能夠直接顯示兩個action。

ViewController遵循UIViewControllerPreviewingDelegate協議：

//UIViewControllerPreviewingDelegate
//稍微重按調用該方法：（peek）
-(UIViewController *)previewingContext:(id<UIViewControllerPreviewing>)previewingContext viewControllerForLocation:(CGPoint)location{
  //防止重複加入
  if ([self.presentedViewController isKindOfClass:[ContentViewController class]]){ return nil; } else { ContentViewController *contentVC = [[ContentViewController alloc] init]; return contentVC; } } //加劇按壓調用該方法：（pop） -(void)previewingContext:(id<UIViewControllerPreviewing>)previewingContext commitViewController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToCommit{ //跳轉到某個ViewController ContentViewController *contentVC = [[ContentViewController alloc] init]; [self.navigationController pushViewController : contentVC animated:YES]; }

效果圖：

WebKit Peek & Pop

　　WebKit Peek & Pop 的操做和UIKit差很少，只是顯示的是Web網頁。
　　顯示網頁有三種方法：
　　一、openUrl離開應用進入safari打開網頁
　　二、UIWebView或者WKWebView自定義視圖在應用內打開網頁
　　三、在iOS9.0後新增SFSafariViewController類，用於顯示web網頁。並經過SFSafariViewControllerDelegate的如下方法實現回到應用操做。

-(void)safariViewControllerDidFinish:(SFSafariViewController *)controller{
    [controller dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}

　　注意：
　　一、方法1不能實現3D Touch。
　　二、使用方法2實現3D Touch時，要設置屬性 allowsLinkPreview 爲Yes（默認是NO）。

參考文檔

http://pingguohe.net/2015/10/12/3D-Touch-2.html
http://www.devzeng.com/blog/ios9-3d-touch.html

引言