nginx 配置 https 並強制跳轉(lnmp一鍵安裝包)

時間 2021-01-10

標籤 php css html linux nginx web apache 後端 api bash 欄目 Nginx 简体版

原文原文鏈接

1、安裝包

安裝你們按照官方說的安裝便可。php

./install.sh lnmpa

2、配置

爲域名 bbs.wzlinux.com 配置虛擬主機css

[root@test ~]# lnmp vhost add
+-------------------------------------------+
|    Manager for LNMP, Written by Licess    |
+-------------------------------------------+
|              https://lnmp.org             |
+-------------------------------------------+
Please enter domain(example: www.lnmp.org): bbs.wzlinux.com
 Your domain: bbs.wzlinux.com
Enter more domain name(example: lnmp.org *.lnmp.org): 
Please enter the directory for the domain: bbs.wzlinux.com
Default directory: /home/wwwroot/bbs.wzlinux.com: 
Virtual Host Directory: /home/wwwroot/bbs.wzlinux.com
Allow access log? (y/n) y
Enter access log filename(Default:bbs.wzlinux.com.log): 
You access log filename: bbs.wzlinux.com.log
Please enter Administrator Email Address: wangzan18@126.com
Server Administrator Email:wangzan18@126.com
Create database and MySQL user with same name (y/n) n
Add SSL Certificate (y/n) y
1: Use your own SSL Certificate and Key
2: Use Let's Encrypt to create SSL Certificate and Key
Enter 1 or 2: 2
It will be processed automatically.

Press any key to start create virtul host...

Create Virtul Host directory......
set permissions of Virtual Host directory......
Test Nginx configure file......
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

Reload Nginx......
Test Apache configure file...
test apache configure... Syntax OK
 done
Restart Apache...
graceful apache...  done
--2019-05-08 16:15:37--  https://soft.vpser.net/lib/acme.sh/latest.tar.gz
Resolving soft.vpser.net (soft.vpser.net)... 50.93.201.152, 2600:3c01::f03c:91ff:fe92:1a06
Connecting to soft.vpser.net (soft.vpser.net)|50.93.201.152|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 128963 (126K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘latest.tar.gz’

100%[==========================================================================================================================================================================================>] 128,963      296KB/s   in 0.4s   

2019-05-08 16:15:39 (296 KB/s) - ‘latest.tar.gz’ saved [128963/128963]

[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] It is recommended to install socat first.
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] We use socat for standalone server if you use standalone mode.
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] If you don't use standalone mode, just ignore this warning.
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] Installing to /usr/local/acme.sh
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] Installed to /usr/local/acme.sh/acme.sh
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] Installing alias to '/root/.bashrc'
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] OK, Close and reopen your terminal to start using acme.sh
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] Installing alias to '/root/.cshrc'
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] Installing alias to '/root/.tcshrc'
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] Installing cron job
no crontab for root
no crontab for root
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] Good, bash is found, so change the shebang to use bash as preferred.
[Wed May  8 16:15:39 CST 2019] OK
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart crond.service
Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable crond.service'.
Starting create SSL Certificate use Let's Encrypt...
[Wed May  8 16:15:41 CST 2019] Registering account
[Wed May  8 16:15:43 CST 2019] Registered
[Wed May  8 16:15:43 CST 2019] ACCOUNT_THUMBPRINT='-cKHSTDQhjSIjWvO8OFcqx4cURrIDG88TaHlE_OkRDM'
[Wed May  8 16:15:43 CST 2019] Creating domain key
[Wed May  8 16:15:43 CST 2019] The domain key is here: /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/bbs.wzlinux.com/bbs.wzlinux.com.key
[Wed May  8 16:15:43 CST 2019] Single domain='bbs.wzlinux.com'
[Wed May  8 16:15:43 CST 2019] Getting domain auth token for each domain
[Wed May  8 16:15:44 CST 2019] Getting webroot for domain='bbs.wzlinux.com'
[Wed May  8 16:15:45 CST 2019] Verifying: bbs.wzlinux.com
[Wed May  8 16:15:48 CST 2019] Success
[Wed May  8 16:15:48 CST 2019] Verify finished, start to sign.
[Wed May  8 16:15:48 CST 2019] Lets finalize the order, Le_OrderFinalize: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/finalize/56638729/438522172
[Wed May  8 16:15:50 CST 2019] Download cert, Le_LinkCert: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/cert/046b73070d79dd7f8275ef2ce8235ddab879
[Wed May  8 16:15:50 CST 2019] Cert success.
[Wed May  8 16:15:50 CST 2019] Your cert is in  /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/bbs.wzlinux.com/bbs.wzlinux.com.cer 
[Wed May  8 16:15:50 CST 2019] Your cert key is in  /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/bbs.wzlinux.com/bbs.wzlinux.com.key 
[Wed May  8 16:15:50 CST 2019] The intermediate CA cert is in  /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/bbs.wzlinux.com/ca.cer 
[Wed May  8 16:15:50 CST 2019] And the full chain certs is there:  /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/bbs.wzlinux.com/fullchain.cer 
[Wed May  8 16:15:51 CST 2019] Run reload cmd: /etc/init.d/nginx reload
Reload service nginx...  done
[Wed May  8 16:15:51 CST 2019] Reload success
Let's Encrypt SSL Certificate create successfully.
Create dhparam.pem...
Generating DH parameters, 2048 bit long safe prime, generator 2
This is going to take a long time
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................+....................................................................................+..............................................................................+..............................................................................+...............................................................................................................................+.....+.............................+...............................................................................................................................+......+.......................................+...........................................................................................................+.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................+.................................................................+.........................................................................+...................................................+....................................................................+......................................................................................+......................+.........+...................................................................+...................................+................................................................................................+...............................................................+......................................................................+...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................+.........+.....................+....................++*++*
Test Nginx configure file......
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
Reload Nginx......
================================================
Virtualhost infomation:
Your domain: bbs.wzlinux.com
Home Directory: /home/wwwroot/bbs.wzlinux.com
Enable log: yes
Create database: no
Create ftp account: no
Enable SSL: yes
  =>Let's Encrypt
================================================

添加好測試頁面，就能夠了，咱們發現也是正常的。html

3、查看配置文件

首先查看 Nginx 配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/bbs.wzlinux.com.conf，咱們看到 http 和 https 都是能夠訪問的。linux

server
    {
        listen 80;
        #listen [::]:80;
        server_name bbs.wzlinux.com ;
        index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;
        root  /home/wwwroot/bbs.wzlinux.com;

        #error_page   404   /404.html;

        # Deny access to PHP files in specific directory
        #location ~ /(wp-content|uploads|wp-includes|images)/.*\.php$ { deny all; }

        include proxy-pass-php.conf;

        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
            expires      30d;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
            expires      12h;
        }

        location ~ /.well-known {
            allow all;
        }

        location ~ /\.
        {
            deny all;
        }

        access_log  /home/wwwlogs/bbs.wzlinux.com.log;
    }

server
    {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        #listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
        server_name bbs.wzlinux.com ;
        index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;
        root  /home/wwwroot/bbs.wzlinux.com;
        ssl on;
        ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/bbs.wzlinux.com/fullchain.cer;
        ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/bbs.wzlinux.com/bbs.wzlinux.com.key;
        ssl_session_timeout 5m;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        ssl_ciphers "EECDH+CHACHA20:EECDH+CHACHA20-draft:EECDH+AES128:RSA+AES128:EECDH+AES256:RSA+AES256:EECDH+3DES:RSA+3DES:!MD5";
        ssl_session_cache builtin:1000 shared:SSL:10m;
        # openssl dhparam -out /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/dhparam.pem 2048
        ssl_dhparam /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/dhparam.pem;

        #error_page   404   /404.html;

        # Deny access to PHP files in specific directory
        #location ~ /(wp-content|uploads|wp-includes|images)/.*\.php$ { deny all; }

        include proxy-pass-php.conf;

        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
            expires      30d;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
            expires      12h;
        }

        location ~ /.well-known {
            allow all;
        }

        location ~ /\.
        {
            deny all;
        }

        access_log  /home/wwwlogs/bbs.wzlinux.com.log;
    }

3.一、設定強制跳轉 https

方法1：能夠在server 80 裏面添加一個一個重定向。nginx

rewrite ^(.*)$  https://$host$1 permanent;

或者web

server_name bbs.wzlinux.com;
rewrite ^(.*)$  https://$server_name$1 permanent;

或者apache

listen 80;
server_name bbs.wzlinux.com bbs1.wzlinux.com bbs2.wzlinux.com;
if ($host != 'bbs.wzlinux.com') {
      rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://bbs.wzlinux.com/$1 permanent;
    }

或者後端

if ($http_x_forwarded_proto != "https")
        {
            rewrite  ^/(.*)$  https://$host/$1 permanent;
        }

或者api

if ($server_port !~ 443){
        rewrite ^(/.*)$ https://$host$1 permanent;
    }

或者使用 returnbash

if ($server_port = 80 ) {
                return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
        }

或者

return 301 https://$host$request_uri;

3.2 Rewrite 經常使用全局變量舉例

變量  說明
$args   存放了請求url中的請求指令。好比http://www.myweb.name/server/source?arg1=value1&arg2=value2中的arg1=value1&arg2=value2
$content_length 存放請求頭中的Content-length字段
$content_type   存放了請求頭中的Content-type字段
$document_root  存放了針對當前請求的根路徑
$document_uri   請求中的uri,不包含請求指令 ，好比好比http://www.myweb.name/server/source?arg1=value1&arg2=value2中的/server/source
$host   存放了請求url中的主機字段，好比好比http://www.myweb.name/server/source?arg1=value1&arg2=value2中的www.myweb.name。若是請求中的主機部分字段不可用或者爲空，則存放nginx配置中該server塊中server_name指令的配置值
$http_user_agent    存放客戶端的代理
$http_cookie    cookie
$limit_rate nginx配置中limit_rate指令的配置值
$remote_addr    客戶端的地址
$remote_port    客戶端與服務器端創建鏈接的端口號
$remote_user    變量中存放了客戶端的用戶名
$request_body_file  存放了發給後端服務器的本地文件資源的名稱
$request_method 存放了客戶端的請求方式，如get,post等
$request_filename   存放當前請求的資源文件的路徑名
$requset_uri    當前請求的uri,而且帶有指令
$query_string   $args含義相同
$scheme 客戶端請求使用的協議，如http,https,ftp等
$server_protocol    客戶端請求協議的版本，如」HTTP/1.0」,」HTTP/1.1」
$server_addr    服務器的地址
$server_name    客戶端請求到達的服務器的名稱
$server_port    客戶端請求到達的服務器的端口號
$uri    同 $document_uri