MySQL5.6開始主從複製有兩種方式:基於日誌(binlog);基於GTID(全局事務標示符)。mysql
此文章是基於日誌方式的配置步驟sql
環境:數據庫
master數據庫IP:192.168.247.128
slave數據庫IP:192.168.247.130
mysql版本:5.6.14
1.修改master配置文件並重啓服務:ide
[mysqld]
server-id=11
binlog-ignore-db=test #不記錄binlog
replicate-ignore-db=test #不復制test庫的binlog
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 1M
binlog_format=mixed
expire_logs_days=3
2.修改slave配置文件並重啓服務:
[mysqld]
server-id=22
binlog-do-db = mydb
binlog-ignore-db=test #不記錄binlog
replicate-ignore-db=test #不復制test庫的binlog
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 1M
binlog_format=mixed
expire_logs_days=3
3.在master上創建用於複製的用戶
mysql>grant replication slave, replication client on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.247.130' identified by 'pwd';
ui
4.備份master的數據.net
方法1:數據前先鎖表,保證數據一致性日誌
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+—————–+————+—————-+——————–+
|File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+—————–+————+—————-+——————–+
|mysql-bin.000015 | 1273 | | |
+—————–+————+—————-+——————–+
記錄文件名和pos號
開始備份數據庫
# mysqldump -uroot -p mydb > /tmp/mydb.sql
備份完畢,如今能夠解鎖數據庫表orm
MySQL> UNLOCK TABLES;server
方法2:使用--lock-all-tables和--master-data參數結合,導出數據blog
# mysqldump -uroot -p --hex-blob --lock-all-tables -R --triggers --databases mydb --master-data=2 --default-character-set='utf8' --quick> /tmp/mydb.sql
5.拷貝備份文件到slave,並導入
#scp /tmp/mydb.sql
#mysql -uroot -p -B mydb </tmp/mydb.sql
6.在slave上同步binlog
mysql>
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.247.128',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='pwd',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000015',MASTER_LOG_POS=1273;
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='127.0.0.1',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='P@$$w0rd',MASTER_PORT=5869,MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=349;
若是是方法2導出的數據,則經過如下語句查詢binlog文件名和pos位置:
# grep -i "CHANGE MASTER TO" /tmp/mydb.sql
--CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000015', MASTER_LOG_POS=1273;
7.開啓複製
mysql> START slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
8.查看slave狀態mysql> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Master_Host: 192.168.247.128 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000015 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1273 Relay_Log_File: DBtest1-relay-bin.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000015 Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1273 Relay_Log_Space: 120 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULLMaster_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 1593 Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work. Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 131210 19:04:04 Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 01 row in set (0.00 sec)能夠看到io進程報錯: master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs由於個人虛擬機是在mysql安裝好之後克隆的,因此在mysql的數據目錄下的auto.cnf文件中的uuid同樣,因此致使錯誤解決方法:刪除slave上的auto.cnf,重啓mysql服務會自動生成新的auto.cnf,uuid也會變化。重啓後再次查看正常,插入數據正常。