Objective-C 和 Java 下 DES加解密保持一致的方式

最近作了一個移動項目,是有服務器和客戶端類型的項目,客戶端是要登陸才行的,登陸的密碼要用DES加密,服務器是用Java開發的,客戶端要同時支持多平臺(Android、iOS),在處理iOS的DES加密的時候遇到了一些問題,起初怎麼調都調不成和Android端生成的密文相同。最終一個突然的想法讓我找到了問題的所在,如今將代碼總結一下,以備本身之後查閱。

首先,Java端的DES加密的實現方式,代碼以下:java

public class DES {
	private static final byte[] iv = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
	 
	public static String encryptDES(String encryptString, String encryptKey) throws Exception 
	{
		IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(iv);
		SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(encryptKey.getBytes(), "DES");
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
		cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, zeroIv);
		byte[] encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(encryptString.getBytes());
		return Base64.encode(encryptedData);
	}
}

上述代碼用到了一個Base64的編碼類,其代碼的實現方式以下:算法

public class Base64 {
	 private static final char[] legalChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/".toCharArray();
	 
	 /**
	 * data[]進行編碼
	 * 
	 * @param data
	 * @return
	 */
	 public static String encode(byte[] data) {
		 int start = 0;
		 int len = data.length;
		 StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(data.length * 3 / 2);
		 
		 int end = len - 3;
		 int i = start;
		 int n = 0;
		 
		 while (i <= end) {
			 int d = ((((int) data[i]) & 0x0ff) << 16) | ((((int) data[i + 1]) & 0x0ff) << 8) | (((int) data[i + 2]) & 0x0ff);
		 
			buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 18) & 63]);
			buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 12) & 63]);
			buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 6) & 63]);
			buf.append(legalChars[d & 63]);
			 
			i += 3;
			 
			if (n++ >= 14) {
				n = 0;
				buf.append(" ");
			}
		}
		 
		 if (i == start + len - 2) {
			 int d = ((((int) data[i]) & 0x0ff) << 16) | ((((int) data[i + 1]) & 255) << 8);
			 
			buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 18) & 63]);
			buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 12) & 63]);
			buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 6) & 63]);
			buf.append("=");
		} 
		else if (i == start + len - 1) {
			int d = (((int) data[i]) & 0x0ff) << 16;
			 
			buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 18) & 63]);
			buf.append(legalChars[(d >> 12) & 63]);
			buf.append("==");
		}
		 
		return buf.toString();
	}
}

以上即是Java端的DES加密方法的所有實現過程。

我還編寫了一個將byte的二進制轉換成16進制的方法,以便調試的時候使用打印輸出加密後的byte數組的內容,這個方法不是加密的部分,只是爲調試而使用的:數組

/**將二進制轉換成16進制 
	* @param buf 
	* @return String
	*/ 
	public static String parseByte2HexStr(byte buf[]) 
	{ 
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); 
		for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) 
		{ 
			String hex = Integer.toHexString(buf[i] & 0xFF); 
			if (hex.length() == 1) { 
				hex = '0' + hex; 
			} 
			sb.append(hex.toUpperCase()); 
		} 
		return sb.toString(); 
	}

下面是Objective-c在iOS上實現的DES加密算法: 添加頭文件#import服務器

- (NSString *) encryptUseDES:(NSString *)plainText key:(NSString *)key
{
     NSString *ciphertext = nil;
     const char *textBytes = [plainText UTF8String];
    NSUInteger dataLength = [plainText length];
     unsigned char buffer[1024];
     memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(char));
     size_t numBytesEncrypted = 0;
     CCCryptorStatus cryptStatus = CCCrypt(kCCEncrypt, kCCAlgorithmDES,
                                              kCCOptionPKCS7Padding,
                                              [key UTF8String], kCCKeySizeDES,
                                              iv,
                                              textBytes, dataLength,
                                              buffer, 1024,
                                              &numBytesEncrypted);
    if (cryptStatus == kCCSuccess) {
         NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes:buffer length:(NSUInteger)numBytesEncrypted];
 
         ciphertext = [data base64Encoding];
         }
     return ciphertext;
}

下面是一個關鍵的類:NSData的Category實現,關於Category的實現網上不少說明再也不講述。app

static const char encodingTable[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
 - (NSString *)base64Encoding;
 {
 if (self.length == 0)
 return @"";
 
 char *characters = malloc(self.length*3/2);
 
 if (characters == NULL)
 return @"";
 
 int end = self.length - 3;
 int index = 0;
 int charCount = 0;
 int n = 0;
 
 while (index <= end) {
 int d = (((int)(((char *)[self bytes])[index]) & 0x0ff) << 16) 
 | (((int)(((char *)[self bytes])[index + 1]) & 0x0ff) << 8)
 | ((int)(((char *)[self bytes])[index + 2]) & 0x0ff);
 
 characters[charCount++] = encodingTable[(d >> 18) & 63];
 characters[charCount++] = encodingTable[(d >> 12) & 63];
 characters[charCount++] = encodingTable[(d >> 6) & 63];
 characters[charCount++] = encodingTable[d & 63];
 
 index += 3;
 
 if(n++ >= 14)
 {
 n = 0;
 characters[charCount++] = ' ';
 }
 }
 
 if(index == self.length - 2)
 {
 int d = (((int)(((char *)[self bytes])[index]) & 0x0ff) << 16) 
 | (((int)(((char *)[self bytes])[index + 1]) & 255) << 8);
 characters[charCount++] = encodingTable[(d >> 18) & 63];
 characters[charCount++] = encodingTable[(d >> 12) & 63];
 characters[charCount++] = encodingTable[(d >> 6) & 63];
 characters[charCount++] = '=';
 }
 else if(index == self.length - 1)
 {
 int d = ((int)(((char *)[self bytes])[index]) & 0x0ff) << 16;
 characters[charCount++] = encodingTable[(d >> 18) & 63];
 characters[charCount++] = encodingTable[(d >> 12) & 63];
 characters[charCount++] = '=';
 characters[charCount++] = '=';
 }
 NSString * rtnStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytesNoCopy:characters length:charCount encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding freeWhenDone:YES];
return rtnStr;
 }

這個方法和java端的那個Base64的encode方法基本上是一個算法,只是根據語言的特色不一樣有少量的改動。

下面也是Objective-c的一個二進制轉換爲16進制的方法,也是爲了測試方便查看寫的:測試

+(NSString *) parseByte2HexString:(Byte *) bytes
 {
 NSMutableString *hexStr = [[NSMutableString alloc]init];
 int i = 0;
 if(bytes)
 {
 while (bytes[i] != '\0') 
 {
 NSString *hexByte = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%x",bytes[i] & 0xff];///16進制數
 if([hexByte length]==1)
 [hexStr appendFormat:@"0%@", hexByte];
 else 
 [hexStr appendFormat:@"%@", hexByte];
 
 i++;
 }
 }
 NSLog(@"bytes 的16進制數爲:%@",hexStr);
 return hexStr;
 }
 
 +(NSString *) parseByteArray2HexString:(Byte[]) bytes
 {
 NSMutableString *hexStr = [[NSMutableString alloc]init];
 int i = 0;
 if(bytes)
 {
 while (bytes[i] != '\0') 
 {
 NSString *hexByte = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%x",bytes[i] & 0xff];///16進制數
 if([hexByte length]==1)
 [hexStr appendFormat:@"0%@", hexByte];
 else 
 [hexStr appendFormat:@"%@", hexByte];
 
 i++;
 }
 }
 NSLog(@"bytes 的16進制數爲:%@",hexStr);
 return hexStr;
 }

以上的加密方法所在的包是CommonCrypto/CommonCryptor.h。編碼

以上便實現了Objective-c和Java下在相同的明文和密鑰的狀況下生成相同明文的算法。
Base64的算法能夠用大家本身寫的那個,不必定必須使用我提供的這個。解密的時候還要用Base64進行密文的轉換。加密

個人解密算法以下:spa

private static byte[] iv = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 }; 
 public static String decryptDES(String decryptString, String decryptKey)
 throws Exception {
 byte[] byteMi = Base64.decode(decryptString);
 IvParameterSpec zeroIv = new IvParameterSpec(iv);
 SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(decryptKey.getBytes(), "DES");
 Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
 cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, zeroIv);
 byte decryptedData[] = cipher.doFinal(byteMi);
 
 return new String(decryptedData);
 }

Base64的decode方法以下:

public static byte[] decode(String s) {
 
 ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
 try {
 decode(s, bos);
 } catch (IOException e) {
 throw new RuntimeException();
 }
 byte[] decodedBytes = bos.toByteArray();
 try {
 bos.close();
 bos = null;
 } catch (IOException ex) {
 System.err.println("Error while decoding BASE64: " + ex.toString());
 }
 return decodedBytes;
 }
 private static void decode(String s, OutputStream os) throws IOException {
 int i = 0;
 
 int len = s.length();
 
 while (true) {
 while (i < len && s.charAt(i) <= ' ')
 i++;
 
 if (i == len)
 break;
 
 int tri = (decode(s.charAt(i)) << 18)
 + (decode(s.charAt(i + 1)) << 12)
 + (decode(s.charAt(i + 2)) << 6)
 + (decode(s.charAt(i + 3)));
 
 os.write((tri >> 16) & 255);
 if (s.charAt(i + 2) == '=')
 break;
 os.write((tri >> 8) & 255);
 if (s.charAt(i + 3) == '=')
 break;
 os.write(tri & 255);
 
 i += 4;
 }
 }
 private static int decode(char c) {
 if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
 return ((int) c) - 65;
 else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
 return ((int) c) - 97 + 26;
 else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
 return ((int) c) - 48 + 26 + 26;
 else
 switch (c) {
 case '+':
 return 62;
 case '/':
 return 63;
 case '=':
 return 0;
 default:
 throw new RuntimeException("unexpected code: " + c);
 }
 }

以上便實現了DES加密後的密文的解密。調試

Java端的測試代碼以下:

String plaintext = "abcd";
 String ciphertext = DES.encryptDES(plaintext, "20120401");
 System.out.println("明文:" + plaintext);
 System.out.println("密鑰:" + "20120401");
 System.out.println("密文:" + ciphertext);
 System.out.println("解密後:" + DES.decryptDES(ciphertext, "20120401"));

輸出結果:

明文:abcd
密鑰:20120401
密文:W7HR43/usys=
解密後:abcd

Objective-c端的測試代碼以下:

NSString *plaintext = @"abcd";
 NSString *ciphertext = [EncryptUtil encryptUseDES:plaintext key:@"20120401"];
 NSLog(@"明文:%@",plaintext);
 NSLog(@"祕鑰:%@",@"20120401");
 NSLog(@"密文:%@",ciphertext);
輸出結果: 2012-04-05 12:00:47.348 TestEncrypt[806:f803] 明文:abcd 2012-04-05 12:00:47.350 TestEncrypt[806:f803] 祕鑰:20120401 2012-04-05 12:00:47.350 TestEncrypt[806:f803] 密文:W7HR43/usys=
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