IntelliJ IDEA Community 社區版配置 Web 開發環境(Gradle + Tomcat)

IntelliJ IDEA 是很好的 IDE, 可是免費的社區版不直接支持開發 Web 項目。因此須要本身配置。 網上大可能是教程都是用 Maven 和 jetty 來配置。我剛學 JAVA。所以直接從 Gradle 上手配置了。html

這裏直接用寫一個 Servlet 的 Helloworld,記錄下踩過的坑,讓後來的人少走彎路。 在這以前請自行安裝 Gradle 並使其能全局運行。瞭解基本的 Gradle 的概念。本文默認讀者會使用 Gradle。java

下載安裝 IntelliJ IDEA Community

https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/android

新建項目

  1. 用 Gradle 新建項目 項目目錄下,命令行運行
gradle init --type java-library
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  1. 編輯 build.gradle 這是個人配置
/*
 * This build file was auto generated by running the Gradle 'init' task
 * by 'Yang' at '16-9-18 下午5:48' with Gradle 3.0
 *
 * This generated file contains a sample Java project to get you started.
 * For more details take a look at the Java Quickstart chapter in the Gradle
 * user guide available at https://docs.gradle.org/3.0/userguide/tutorial_java_projects.html
 */

// Tomcat 須要
buildscript {
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath "com.bmuschko:gradle-tomcat-plugin:2.2.3"
    }
}

// 要使用的插件,看名字應該知道什麼做用
// Apply the java plugin to add support for Java
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: "com.bmuschko.tomcat"


// In this section you declare where to find the dependencies of your project
repositories {
    // Use 'jcenter' for resolving your dependencies.
    // You can declare any Maven/Ivy/file repository here.
    // jcenter()

    // maven 的倉庫
    mavenCentral()
}

// In this section you declare the dependencies for your production and test code
dependencies {
    // The production code uses the SLF4J logging API at compile time
    compile 'org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.21'

    // 依賴 servlet
    compile group: 'javax.servlet', name: 'javax.servlet-api', version: '3.0.1'

    // Declare the dependency for your favourite test framework you want to use in your tests.
    // TestNG is also supported by the Gradle Test task. Just change the
    // testCompile dependency to testCompile 'org.testng:testng:6.8.1' and add
    // 'test.useTestNG()' to your build script.
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'

    // 配置 Tomcat 插件
    def tomcatVersion = '8.0.27'
    tomcat   "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:${tomcatVersion}",
            "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-logging-juli:${tomcatVersion}",
            "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper:${tomcatVersion}"
}

// Tomcat 配置
// Tomcat 配置tomcatRun.contextPath = 'testa/'
tomcatRunWar.contextPath = 'teats/'
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  1. 運行命令 注意第一次使用 gradlew 命令,可能會很慢,可是配置 gradlew 仍然有必要。由於後面 idea 運行 Tomcat 會使用這個命令。 你能夠在 gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties 中配置一下使用本地文件加快速度。

配置離線工做也可加快速度git

File > Settings > Build, Execution & Deployment > Compiler > Compiler and de-select Configure on demand The above still uses data but is faster, I was able to load images and maps. However, in addition, if >you want to be completely offline, you need to do the following: File -> Settings ->Build, Execution,Deployment -> Build Tools -> Gradle -> check Offline workgithub

試試有沒有配置成功web

gradlew build # 編譯項目
gradlew tasks # 查看任務
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  1. 建立 idea 項目文件
gradlew idea
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若是以後項目更新了依賴,能夠運行下面的命令同步到 ideaapache

gradlew cleanIdea
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  1. 用 Idea 打開項目 直接用 idea 打開 ipr 文件 按 alt + 1 能夠顯示文件導航側欄

配置調試環境

  1. 配置遠程調試 進入運行配置界面

點擊 + remote api

寫一個名字,其餘直接默認就好。能夠把第一行參數複製出來下一步使用,即:

-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=5005
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  1. 配置 Tomcat 運行 同上步驟,進入運行配置界面 點擊 + Gradle

第一行根據本身項目填寫 gradle build 的位置 第二行輸入 tomcatRun 第三行填上一個步驟複製下來的參數。android-studio

編寫 Helloworld

package main.java;

/*
 * This Java source file was auto generated by running 'gradle buildInit --type java-library'
 * by 'Yang' at '16-9-18 下午5:48' with Gradle 3.0
 *
 * @author Yang, @date 16-9-18 下午5:48
 */

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;

@WebServlet("/")
public class Library  extends HttpServlet{
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Writer writer = resp.getWriter();
        writer.write("HelloWorld!");
        writer.flush();
        writer.close();
        super.doGet(req, resp);
    }
}
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運行調試

  1. 運行

P

這裏注意 src/main 下面必須有 webapp 目錄,空目錄都要。否則訪問會出現 404 錯誤 tomcat

  1. 調試 選擇以前配置的遠程 debug 配置

打斷點 從新訪問查看調試結果

參考

  1. http://yukinami.github.io/2015/07/29/gradle-tomcat-plugin-404/
  2. http://www.cnblogs.com/woshimrf/p/5779811.html
  3. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18158034/how-to-setup-android-studio-to-work-completely-offline
  4. http://www.cnblogs.com/huang0925/p/3458507.html
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